CHAPTER 13

Safety and Health

Pr og r ams

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 1

CHAPTER 13 TOPICS:
❘ 1: OSHA effects
❘ 2: OSHA enforcement priorities
❘ 3: OSHA punitive actions
❘ 4: OSHA record-keeping
❘ 5: OSHA current standard setting
❘ 6: Causes of accidents
❘ 7: Workplace violence prevention
❘ 8: Stress and burnout
❘ 9: Healthy work site
❘ 10: Employee assistance and wellness programs

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 2

1: OSHA EFFECTS
❚ Occupational Safety and
Health Act
❚ Establishes safety
standards
❚ Authorized inspections to
ensure standards are met
❚ Record keeping for illness
and accidents

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 3

2: OSHA ENFORCEMENT
PRIORITIES
❚ Levels, in descending
priority order
❙ 1. Imminent danger
❙ 2. Serious accident
❙ 3. Current employee
complaint
❙ 4. Target industry
inspection
❙ 5. Random inspection

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 4

2: PRIORITY 1 - IMMINENT
DANGER

❚ Accident is about
to occur, too late
❚ Preventive
measure
❚ Safety is already at
risk

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 5

2: PRIORITY 2 - SERIOUS
ACCIDENT

❚ 48 HOURS
❚ Serious injury or
death
❚ Investigate

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 6

2: PRIORITY 3 - CURRENT
EMPLOYEE COMPLAINT

❚ Employee rights
❚ Union shops may
legally refuse to
work
❚ Investigation
❚ Mandate
compliance

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 7

2: PRIORITY 4 - TARGET
INDUSTRY

❚ Industries with
highest injury rates
❙ Meat processing
❙ Chemical processing
❙ Roofing
❙ Sheet metal
❙ Lumber
❙ Mobile homes
❙ Stevedore
❙ Hazardous waste

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 8

2: PRIORITY 5 - RANDOM
INSPECTION

❚ Inspectors must have

search warrants
❚ Justification in pursuit
of specific problem
areas
❚ Legal advice is to
comply rather than
confront

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 9

3: OSHA PUNITIVE
ACTIONS

❚ Noncompliance
❙ Fines
❘ $10,000 per day
❘ $70,000 for willful,
severe, repetitive
violation
❙ Criminal penalty
❘ Deaths occur
❘ Jail time
❘ Financial penalties

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 10

4: OSHA RECORD-
KEEPING

❚ Any work-related
illness
❚ Accidents
❙ Medical treatment
❙ Loss of
consciousness
❙ Restriction of work or
motion
❙ Job transfer
❚ Form 200

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 11

4: THE OSHA INCIDENCE
RATE

❚ Number of injuries,
illness, or lost
workdays per 100
fulltime workers
❚ Compare to industry
average

– See Exhibit 13-2

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 12

Exhibit 13-2: OSHA Form 2000

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 13

Exhibit 13-2: Continued

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 14

5: CURRENT OSHA
STANDARD AREAS
❚ Blood-borne pathogens
❙ Protect medical workers
from AIDS and hepatitis
❙ Protective equipment
❘ Latex gloves, eye shields,
vaccines

❚ Motor vehicle safety

❚ AND….

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 15

5: CURRENT OSHA
STANDARD AREAS

❚ Chemical
processing
standards
❙ Right-to-Know Laws
❙ Material Safety
Data Sheet
❙ Applies to all
industries
❚ Ergonomics

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 16

6: CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

❚ Human
❙ Overwhelming
majority
❙ Carelessness
❙ Intoxication
❙ Daydreaming
❙ Inability to do the
job
❙ Other human
deficiency

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 17

6: CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

❚ Environmental
❙ Tools
❙ Equipment
❙ General work
environment
❙ Condition of plant

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 18

6: PREVENTIVE
MEASURES

❚ Safety committees
❚ Education
❚ Skills training
❚ Engineering
❚ Protection
❚ Regulation
enforcement

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 19

7: WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
PREVENTION
❚ Homicide #2 cause
of work related
death
❚ 1000 murders
❚ 1.5 million assaults
❚ Issues
❙ Prevention
❙ Liability

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 20

7: VIOLENCE PREVENTION
SUGGESTIONS

❚ Develop a plan
❚ Review policies
❚ Treat with respect
and dignity
❚ Problems occur
❙ Disciplined too harshly
❙ Laid off without reason
❚ AND….

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 21

7: VIOLENCE PREVENTION
SUGGESTIONS

❚ Supervisor training
❚ Employee
assistance
programs
❚ Keep weapons out

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 22

8: WORKPLACE STRESS

❚ Constraints
❚ Demands
❚ Karoshi
❚ Low productivity
❚ Illness
❚ Health care costs

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 23

8: STRESSORS

❚ Task demands
❙ Job design
❘ Interdependence
❘ Autonomy
❙ Working conditions
❙ Physical work
layout
❙ Quotas
❙ AND….

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 24

8: MORE STRESSORS

❚ Role demands
❙ Overload
❙ Conflict
❙ Ambiguity
❚ Interpersonal
demands
❚ AND…

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 25

8: MORE STRESSORS

❚ Organizational
structure
❙ Rules
❙ Decision making
❚ Organizational
leadership
❙ Cultures of tension,
fear, anxiety
❙ Pressures
❙ Threats

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 26

8: STRESS SYMPTOMS

❚ Physiological
❙ Headaches, blood
pressure, breathing
❚ Psychological
❙ Tension, boredom,
procrastination
❚ Behavioral
❙ Sleep, substance
abuse, speech

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 27

8: DYSFUNCTIONAL
STRESS REDUCTION

❚ Match people to
job
❚ Redesign job
❚ EAPS

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 28

8: BURNOUT CAUSES AND
SYMPTOMS

❚ Emotional and/or
physical exhaustion
❚ Lowered job
productivity
❚ Dehumanizing of job

❚ NOT boredom

• See Exhibit 13-7

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 29

Exhibit 13-7: Variables Found to Be Significantly Related to Burnout

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 30

8: REDUCING BURNOUT

❚ Identification
❚ Prevention
❚ Mediation
❚ Remediation

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 31

9: HEALTHY WORK
ENVIRONMENT

❚ Sick buildings
❙ Airborne pathogens
❙ Indoor pollution
❙ Asbestos
❙ Smoking
❙ Germs
❙ Mold
❙ Fungus

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 32

9: TO HAVE A HEALTHY
WORK ENVIRONMENT

❚ Fresh air
❚ Avoid suspect
building materials
❚ Test new buildings
❚ Keep air ducts clean
and dry
❚ Workers’ complaints
❚ Smoking

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 33

9: SMOKE-FREE
ENVIRONMENT

❚ Problems
❙ Second-hand smoke
❙ Health insurance
❙ Productivity
❙ Absence
❙ Accidents
❙ Breaks
❚ 53% banned
❚ 23% restricted
DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 34
9: SMOKE-FREE PROCESS

❚ Determine goals
and timetables
❚ Designated areas
❚ Smoking cessation
workshops
❚ Differentiated
health insurance
premiums

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 35

9: REPETITIVE STRESS
INSURIES

❚ Musculoskeletal
disorders
❙ Backaches
❙ Swollen feet
❙ 1/3 of all worker’s
compensation claims
❙ Billions annually
❙ Carpal tunnel
syndrome
❙ 40,000 workers

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 36

9: REPETITIVE STRESS
INSURIES

❚ Ergonomics

❙ Furniture design
and fit
❙ Color
❙ Lighting

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 37

10: EMPLOYEE
ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS
❚ Alcoholics
❚ Save $5-$16 per $1
❚ Healthcare premiums
❚ Current focus
❙ Emotional problems
❙ Chemical dependency
❙ Retirement planning
❙ Financial matters
❚ Wellness programs

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 38

10: GLOBAL HEALTH
ISSUES

❚ Health certificate
❚ General first aid kit
❚ Emergency plans
❚ State Department

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 39

REVIEW CHAPTER 13

❚ Remember these
terms?
❙ OSHA
❙ EAP
❙ Eustress
❙ Burnout
❙ Sick building
❙ Carpal tunnel
syndrome

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 40

QUICK: REVIEW
CHAPTER 13

❙ ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS ON A

SHEET OF PAPER.
❘ 1. THE MOST IMPORTANT THING WE DID IN
CLASS TODAY _______.
❘ 2. I STILL HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT___.
❘ 3. THE BEST THING ABOUT CLASS TODAY
WAS _______________.
❘ 4. DON’T DO ____________ ANYMORE.
• TURN THEM IN, PLEASE. NO NAMES. WE’LL TALK
NEXT CLASS SESSION

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 41

PREVIEW: CHAPTER 14

❚ Find your bulletin board at work.

What’s on it?
❚ Do you have a company newsletter?
What kind of items are included?
❚ How do you usually learn about
changes at work?
• Bring responses to next class.

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 42

Exhibit 13-1: OSHA Protection

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Exhibit 13-3: Determining Recordability of Laser under OSHA

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Exhibit 13-4: Material Data Safety Sheet

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 45

Exhibit 13-4: Continued

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Exhibit 13-5: Accident Prevention Mechanisms

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 47

Exhibit 13-6: Major Stressors

DeCenzo and Robbins HRM 7th Edition 48