Tm joint

Synovial joint of condylar variety

TM joint
Temporomandibular joint
 Head of mandible
 Mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the
temporal bone
 Synovial joint with intraarticular disc dividing
joint into a lower compartment (hinge rotation
for mandibular head) and upper compartment
(sliding joint for protrusion).
Temporomandibular
joint
 temporomandibular joint (tmj) is a synovial type joint
separated by an interarticular disc.
 The disc splits the joint into two separate joints.
 The upper joint (ujc) is between the mandibular
(articular) fossa of the temporal bone and the articular
disk and provides a sliding motion when the lateral
pterygoid contracts and pulls the condyle and disc
forward.
 The lower joint (ljc) is between the articular disc and the
head of the condyle of the mandible. The action here is
a hinge-like action, in which the mandible drops,
thereby opening the mouth.
Major supportive
elements of the TMJ:
 MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
Minor supportive
elements of the TMJ:
 Lateral temporomandibular ligament (thickening
of the joint capsule; Clemente plate 472; Grant p.
577, fig. 7.55; Netter 11)
 Stylomandibular ligament (between parotid and
submandibular glands; Clemente plate 472; Grant
p. 580, fig. 7.58; Netter 11)
 Sphenomandibular ligament
Articular surfaces

 Upper articular surface: (temporal bone)

 Articular eminence
 Anterior part of mandibular fossa
 Inferior articular surface: (head of mand)
Articulation of the
mandible. Lateral
aspect.
Articular disc

 Oval fibrous plate

 Divides joint cavity into upper and lower
compartment
 Upper comp- gliding movement
 Lower comp- gliding and rotating
movement
 Disc has concavoconvex sup surface
 Concave inf surface
 Periphery of the disc is attached to
fibrous capsule
Ligaments

 Fibrous capsule
 Attached above to art tubercule,circum of
mand fossa and squamotympanic fissure
 Attached below to neck of mand
 Lateral lig( tm lig)
 Reinforces and strengthens lat
 Attached above- auricular tubercle below
postlat aspect of neck of mand
 Sphenomandibular lig
 Attached sup to spine of sphenoid and inf to
lingula of mand foramen
 Stylomand lig
 Thickened part of deep cervical fascia
 Attached above to lat surface of styloid and
below to post border of ramus
Articulation of the
mandible. Medial aspect.
Sagittal section of the
articulation of the
mandible.
Relations
 Lateral
 Skin and fascia
 parotid gland
 temporal br of facial nr
 Medial
 Tympanic plate seprates joint from ICA
 spine of sphenoid with sphenomand lig
 Auriculotemporal and chorda tympani nerves
 Middle meningeal artery
 Anterior
 Lateral pterygoid
 Masseteric nr and vessels
 Posterior
 Parotid gland seperates it from external auditory meatus
 Sup temporal vessels
 Auriculotemporal nerve
 Superior
 Middle cranial fossa
 Middle meningeal vessels
 Inferior
 Maxillary artery and vein
Movements

 Depression
 Elevation
 Protrusion
 Retraction
 Side to side
Applied anatomy

 Dislocation
Applied

 When dentition or muscle action is not in

proper alignment, the joint can be
secondarily affected and pain can ensue.
This is TMJ disease and requires dental
specialists to correct the problem.