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The document outlines the requirements for a JAS training course for organic food operators in Japan. It provides details on the compulsory training that production managers and graders must complete prior to organic certification. The training aims to familiarize certified operators with the JAS organic inspection and certification system. It covers topics such as the categories of organic operators, the JAS legislation and standards, specific certification requirements, and the certification process.
The document outlines the requirements for a JAS training course for organic food operators in Japan. It provides details on the compulsory training that production managers and graders must complete prior to organic certification. The training aims to familiarize certified operators with the JAS organic inspection and certification system. It covers topics such as the categories of organic operators, the JAS legislation and standards, specific certification requirements, and the certification process.
The document outlines the requirements for a JAS training course for organic food operators in Japan. It provides details on the compulsory training that production managers and graders must complete prior to organic certification. The training aims to familiarize certified operators with the JAS organic inspection and certification system. It covers topics such as the categories of organic operators, the JAS legislation and standards, specific certification requirements, and the certification process.
Fon +41 71 626 0 626 Fax +41 71 626 0 623 www.imo.ch info@imo.ch mab 16.04.2008 JAS Training Course for Operators 2 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification
It is a compulsory requirement in the JAS rules that prior to the first certification the persons responsible for JAS in an operation, the Production Process Management Director and Grading Manager (and any further Grading Staff if applicable) have attended a JAS training. Aim is to familiarize the certified operators with the purpose and scheme of the JAS inspection and certification system of organic foods. About this training JAS Training Course for Operators 3 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification
Introduction Categories of Operators Overview JAS Legislation Specific JAS Certification Requirements Production Requirements Processing Requirements Documentation and Internal Control Requirements (Grading) JAS Certification Process Contents JAS Training Course for Operators 4 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Introduction (1) JAS (Japanese Agricultural System) is a general system for labelling of agricultural products in Japan, existing since 1950. The specific rules for organic products have been introduced in 2000. The responsible ministry is MAFF (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries). JAS Training Course for Operators 5 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification
The JAS Standard has many similarities with other organic programmes, as the EU Regulation No 2092/91 and the US NOP, but it differs particularly in:
Terminology Particular operator categories Operation manual Grading and use of JAS seal Emphasis on persons and their control over the process Certain special requirements regarding inputs The penalties to those who violate the JAS law could mean up to one year imprisonment or a fine up to 1 million yen Introduction (2) JAS Training Course for Operators 6 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification JAS distinguishes the following specific types of operators (1):
Producers with Plant Production or Wild Collection Production Process Manager of Organic Agricultural Products and Organic Feeds Producers with Livestock Production Production Process Manager of Organic Livestock Products Categories of Operators (1) JAS Training Course for Operators 7 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification JAS distinguishes the following specific categories of operators (2):
Processors Re-packers Re-packer of Organic Agricultural Products, Organic Processed Foods, Organic Feeds and Organic Livestock Products Production Process Manager of Organic Processed Foods and Organic Feeds Importers in Japan Importers of Organic Agricultural Products and Organic Agricultural Processed Foods Categories of Operators (2) JAS Training Course for Operators 8 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Difference between Production Process Manager of Processed Foods and Re-packer:
i.e. milling, roasting, fermenting i.e. cleaning, sorting, de-hulling PPM PROCESSED FOODS RE-PACKER Categories of Operators (3) Mono-ingredient products without processing aids Packing Bottling Simple processing Change of consistency Mono-ingredient or Multi-ingredient Products JAS Training Course for Operators 9 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification A totally revised version of the JAS Standard has come into force on March 1st 2006, which is considered by MAFF as New JAS System. The latest partial revision of some points in the Standard has taken place in October 2006.
The organic rules are presented in several different Notifications. They are separated into Organic Standards and Technical Criteria.
Overview JAS Legislation (1) JAS Training Course for Operators 10 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Organic Production Standards:
Notification N 1605: Organic Agricultural Products
Notification N 1606: Organic Processed Foods
Notification N 1607: Organic Feeds
Notification N 1608: Organic Livestock Products
IMO so far is not accredited for certification of livestock products. However, if the need will arise, it can be applied for an extension of the accreditation.
Overview JAS Legislation (2) JAS Training Course for Operators 11 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Notification 1605: Japanese Agricultural Standard for Organic Agricultural Products
Article 2 defines the principles of organic production Article 3 provides definition of terms Article 4 defines the criteria of the production method: Organic fields (conversion period, prevention of drift of unallowed inputs) Seeds and seedlings Manure practices (fertilisation) Control of pests and diseases Separation, transportation, processing Article 5 describes part of the labelling requirements Attached Tables define permitted fertilizers (Table 1) and plant protection agents (Table 2)
Overview JAS Legislation (3) JAS Training Course for Operators 12 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Notification 1606: Japanese Agricultural Standard for Organic Processed Foods
Article 2 defines the principles of organic processing Article 3 provides definition of terms and ratio of non-organic ingredients Article 4 defines the criteria of the production methods: Permitted raw materials Management of manufacturing process (no GMO, no radiation, facility pest control/hygiene, no commingling or contamination) Article 5 describes part of the labelling requirements Attached Tables define permitted food additives (Table 1) and permitted substances for facility pest management (Table 2)
Overview JAS Legislation (4) JAS Training Course for Operators 13 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Technical Criteria:
Notification N 1830: Production Process Managers of Organic Agricultural Products and Organic Feeds
Notification N 1831: Production Process Managers of Organic Processed Foods and Organic Feeds
Notification N 1832: Production Process Managers of Organic Livestock Products
Notification N 1833: Re-packers
Notification N 1834: Importers in Japan
Notification N 1971: Grading Requirements
Overview JAS Legislation (5) JAS Training Course for Operators 14 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Seeds and Seedlings:
1st priority: JAS organic seeds / vegetative propagation material If difficult to obtain: 2nd priority: Seeds / vegetative propagation material from production without any prohibited fertilisers and plant production agents If difficult to obtain: 3rd priority: Untreated seeds / vegetative propagation material
The same as above applies for seedlings. They must be obtained in as young a stage as possible. Excepted are seeds for products eaten as sprouts, which must be from plants cultivated without any inputs prohibited for JAS. Specific JAS Requirements (1) JAS Training Course for Operators 15 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification GMOs:
GMO seed and vegetative propagation material prohibited Fertilisers must not be produced with / contain any GMO Pesticides must not be produced with / contain any GMO Any GMO ingredients / processing aids are prohibited
Specific JAS Requirements (2) JAS Training Course for Operators 16 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Conversion Period:
36 months for perennial crops 24 months before sowing for annual crops 24 months before harvest of perennial pasture crops Harvest of first 12 months of conversion = not certified (as C0 for EU)
Like in NOP, the conversion period only refers to the field management (i.e. last date of not allowed inputs), not to the registration as organic operator as in the EU Regulation.
Specific JAS Requirements (3) JAS Training Course for Operators 17 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Soil Fertility:
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Preferably compost from by-products from organic farms Inactive substances like granulating and anticaking agents must be from natural origin, and produced without chemical treatment If such inactive substances are difficult to obtain, lignin sulfonic acid may be used Allowed fertilisers are listed in Notification N 1605, Table 1 Bought in fertilisers only if these are not sufficient to maintain soil fertility IMO requires a signed fertiliser declaration (Form 8.03) or full specification Specific JAS Requirements (4) JAS Training Course for Operators 18 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Pest, Disease and Weed Control:
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Preferably by cultivation, physical and biological methods Note that the following substances are not allowed or restricted: Rotenon not allowed Copper sulfate restricted to be used in bordeaux mixture Lecithin allowed only from soybean Allowed pest control agents are listed in Notification N 1605, Table 2 Any inputs only if these are not effective and the pest/disease is a serious risk for the crop IMO requires a specification Specific JAS Requirements (5) JAS Training Course for Operators 19 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Processing:
Organic agricultural ingredients Conventional agricultural ingredients; Aquatic products Processing aids according to JAS standard Water Salt Specific JAS Requirements (6) JAS Training Course for Operators 20 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Processing: 5% + 95% conventional JAS 5% + 95% 95% 5% + Specific JAS Requirements (7) JAS Training Course for Operators 21 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Handling during processing, storage and transport:
Facility pest control should preferably be done by physical barriers, sound waves, ultrasonic waves, light, ultraviolet radiation, traps, temperature management. If these measures are not sufficient, products as listed in Table 2 of Notification No. 1606 may be used.
It must be avoided that these substances get in contact with the organic products.
Other products (conventional chemicals) may be used, as long as no organic products are present, and no residues of the chemicals are left once the organic products are brought to the plant/storage. Specific JAS Requirements (8) JAS Training Course for Operators 22 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Define the Operator Categories of the following operators:
1) Mountainview Farm does coffee farming and pulping of the coffee cherries grown in the own farm. 2) Mountainview Farm starts to do also roasting of their coffee themselves. 3) Bigriver Farm packs its own fresh bananas into cartons, and does also packing of bananas for its neighbour Riverside Farm, which is JAS certified, too. 4) Riverside Farm, besides banana production, does also slicing and drying of the pineapples grown in their farm. 5) Tea Taste Ltd. purchases black tea from different estates, blends and exports them. 6) Valley Tea Ltd. purchases JAS labelled tea, puts a sticker with their name on the chests and sells them.
Farm Farm and Processor Farm and Repacker Farm and Processor Repacker Categories of Operators (Exercise 1) Certification not required JAS Training Course for Operators 23 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification What information / documents do you require from an operator in the following cases?
1) Riverside Farm contacts you in order to find out whether they might use the fertiliser Bananagrow in their JAS certified banana fields. The farm manager tells you that Bananagrow is sold in 50 kg packages, and on the label it says that it contains Mycorrhizae. Do you need more information in order to decide whether the fertiliser can be approved? 2) Mountainview Farm is looking for a plant protection agent against coffee leaf rust. They obtained a letter from a pesticide manufacturing company, stating that their product contains 80 % of copper oxychloride. Do you need more information in order to decide whether the pesticide can be approved? 3) Riverside Farm starts to produce pineapple juice. They want to add non-organic mango juice, and citric acid. Is this possible, and what needs to be considered (where can you verify it)?
Specific JAS Requirements (Exercise 2) JAS Training Course for Operators 24 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Description of Procedures:
The operator has to develop a JAS Manual where the procedures concerning the organic production are defined and described.
Specific JAS Requirements (9) JAS Training Course for Operators 25 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Grading:
Final internal control before a lot is despatched from the operation. Specific JAS Requirements (10) JAS Training Course for Operators 26 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Grading:
The operator must describe in the Grading Rules how the Grading is done.
Each Grading must be recorded in a so called Grading Record.
Specific JAS Requirements (11) JAS Training Course for Operators 27 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Grading: For each lot to be despatched with final destination Japan, the operator has to:
Verify by document check that the JAS production rules haven been followed (i.e. the proceedings in the JAS Manual have been followed). Ensure that the records for the lots to be graded are complete. Verify correctness of the label to be used. Ensure that each graded product for sales to Japan actually is labelled with the JAS seal. Ensure that the despatch / shipping is done in a way to guarantee that the organic integrity of the products is ensured. Fill in the grading result document (IMO grading record form 8.01 and/or more detailed internal grading checklist).
Each JAS operator has to do the grading for all sales with final destination Japan (if one legal entity is certified under two different operator categories, the grading has to be done for each category).
Specific JAS Requirements (12) JAS Training Course for Operators 28 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Grading:
One example of a Grading procedure:
A farm produces clean coffee and packs it on the farm for export as JAS organic to Japan.
Before the coffee bags are labeled and despatched, the responsible person of the farm has to verify through document check that:
The coffee effectively originates from JAS certified fields (i.e. check incoming goods documents) The cultivation process on these fields has been according to the JAS requirements (i.e. check farm diary) There was no contamination or commingling of the lots (i.e. check processing records)
The responsible person now puts the JAS Seal on the products, checking that the labelling of the product is correct.
Specific JAS Requirements (12) JAS Training Course for Operators 29 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Grading result and label check positive negative Grading Record to be signed Reasons to be researched and documented, records of non-conformities and actions taken to be kept May not be sold as JAS organic to Japan Grading Record to be signed Lots can be despatched for Japan Grading: Specific JAS Requirements (13) JAS Training Course for Operators 30 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Responsibilities:
Production Process Management Director (PPMD): Designing and implementing the JAS Manual Grading Manager (GM): Final control (Grading) PPMD and GM must fulfil certain qualification criteria, which are clearly defined by JAS. Specific JAS Requirements (14) JAS Training Course for Operators 31 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Documentation, Records and Responsibilities: INTERNAL CONTROL Grading Rules PRODUCTION JAS Manual Production Process Management Director Grading Manager Production Records Grading Records Specific JAS Requirements (15) JAS Training Course for Operators 32 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Size and colour of the JAS seal may be altered, but not the proportions. Directly below the JAS seal, IMO must be written, in letters of the same height as JAS. Labelling: Specific JAS Requirements (16) <Product Name> <List of Ingredients, stating organic quality> <Quantity> <Lot No.> <Company Name> <Country of Origin> <Product Name> <List of Ingredients, stating organic quality> Non-retail packages Retail packages IMO IMO JAS Training Course for Operators 33 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Application Form and IMO Operator Profile: INTERNAL CONTROL Grading Rules PRODUCTION JAS Manual IMO Operator Profile X.1 IMO Additional JAS Operator Profile X.1.7 JAS Certification Process (1) JAS Training Course for Operators 34 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Reporting of annual quantities sold to Japan: MAFF requires annually a complete statistics of the quantity of products sold with the JAS seal to Japan (to be submitted in September, covering the period May to April). This statistics needs to be presented by the Certification Bodies per product and per country. In order to enable IMO to do so, operators must report a summary of JAS organic sales each year to IMO. IMO will request this information from operators in May annually. JAS Certification Process (2) Reporting of changes: Any changes in company name, address and assortment list need to be informed to IMO immediately, as this needs to be reported to the Japanese ministry MAFF. If operation choses not to renew its JAS certification, IMO must be informed immediately. JAS Training Course for Operators 35 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Operator IMO
screening
screening JAS Training Signed Application Form and Operator Profile Inspection; Certification; Publication on IMO Homepage Inspection; Certification Information about changes; sales statistics Signed Application Form and Operator Profile Information about changes; sales statistics Y e a r
1
Y e a r
2
JAS Certification Process (3) JAS Training Course for Operators 36 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Specific JAS Requirements (Exercise 3) Grading:
Please describe briefly what you check in order to fulfill the grading requirements. As the final step of the grading procedure, please fill in the IMO Sample Grading Record Form 8.01. If necessary, make adaptations of the form or describe what other document might be used for signature by the Grading Managers.
Situation: Smallholder group with 370 olive farmers Olive Oil production at the mill belonging to the co-operative There is 1 purchase centre at the olive mill The purchase officer acts as Grading Manager for the olive production The factory quality manager acts as Grading Manager for the mill
There is an order for 3000 l of olive oil (lot no. 04_08_01) to the Japanese customer Fuji Organic, to be despatched on 19.04.2008.
JAS Training Course for Operators 37 Institute for Marketecology IMO Quality control and certification Thank you for your attention Please feel free to contact IMO for any JAS related questions IMO wishes you success in the Japanese organic market