1

TSM 363 Fluid Power Systems

Hydrostatic Transmission
TSM 363, Lect 10
2
Hydrostatic Transmission is popular
in ORE
TSM 363, Lect 10
3
Mechanical Drivetrain
A mechanical drivetrain system
consists of an engine, a clutch,
a transmission, a universal drive-
line, a differential, and the wheels.
Transmission is used to increase
or decrease speed
A differential is needed in
mechanical drivetrain, because
it allows the outside wheel to
rotate faster than in the inside
wheel when the vehicle turns.
TSM 363, Lect 10
4
Hydrostatic Transmission Drivetrain
With a hydrostatic transmission, it
consists of an engine, a clutch,
a hydrostatic transmission, a
universal driveline, a differential,
and the wheels.
Change the displacement of the
pump (or motor) can change the
vehicle speed.
HT improves maneuverability:
> wide range of T/n ratio
> compacted, less mass inertia
> dynamic braking (inst. reverse)
> able to stall & undamaged
> no interruption of power
HT has lower efficiency
TSM 363, Lect 10
5
Basic Concept of
Hydrostatic Transmission
A hydrostatic transmission is simply a pump and motor(s)
connected in a circuit.
TSM 363, Lect 10
6
Basic Types of HST
TSM 363, Lect 10
7
(a) Fixed pump-fixed motor
C C
(d) Variable pump-variable motor
C
(b) Variable pump-fixed motor
(c) Fixed pump-variable motor
C
Typical Closed-Circuit HST Configurations
TSM 363, Lect 10
8
Typical Performance of VP-FM HST
C
TSM 363, Lect 10
9
Typical Performance of FP-VM HST
C
TSM 363, Lect 10
10
Typical Performance of VP-VM HST
C C
TSM 363, Lect 10
11
Typical HST Releasing & Recharging
TSM 363, Lect 10
12
Typical Controls of Closed-Circuit HSP
TSM 363, Lect 10
13
Typical Open-Circuit HST Configurations
(b) Four-way valve controlled
fixed pump-fixed motor
(a) Needle valve controlled
fixed pump-fixed motor
TSM 363, Lect 10
14
Typical E/H Controlled Open-Circuit HSP
TSM 363, Lect 10
15
Typical HST Arrangement - 1
TSM 363, Lect 10
16
Typical HST Arrangement - 2
TSM 363, Lect 10
17
Typical HST Arrangement - 3
TSM 363, Lect 10
18
Example:
Typical Calculations of HST
Suppose both the pump and the motor in a hydrostatic
transmission have disp. D
M
= 1.925 in
3
/rev, and the volumetric
efficiency are 0.90 for both the pump and motor. The pump
is driven by an engine at 2400 rpm, what is the motor speed?
Theoretical flow
Q
t
= (D
P
n
E
)/231
= (1.925x2400)/231 = 20 gpm
Pump flow
Q
P
= Q
t
Eff
P

= 20x0.90 = 18 gpm
Motor speed
n
M
= (Q
P
231)/ D
M
Eff
M

= (18X231)/1.925x0.90 = 1944 rpm
TSM 363, Lect 10
19
A Special HST Application
TSM 363, Lect 10
20
Lecture Summary
Discussed the basic concepts of HST:
Closed-circuit HST: FP-FM; VP-FM; FP-VM; VP-VM
Open-circuit HST
Applications of HST:
In-line design
Sprit design
V-controlled design
Sprit-torque design