8 August 2014 1

Presentation outline
Boiler Emergencies
Turbine Emergencies
Generator Emergencies
Grid Failure

8 August 2014 2
BOILER
8 August 2014 3
HIGH FURNACE PRESSURE

One I.D. Fan tripped or Mal-operation
of control vanes of I.D./F.D./P.A. Fans or
closing of damper
Unstable furnace flame conditions. Sudden
starting of coal mill.
Furnace water seal broken, E.P. or flue gas
path manhole opened.
Water wall tube rupture/leakage.


8 August 2014 4
ID FAN LUB. OIL PRESSURE / BEARING TEMP
TROUBLE
Lub. oil pressure may be inadequate.
Lub. oil filters may be choked.
Greasing long overdue in fan bearings.
Corresponding alarm will indicate the problem
area.

8 August 2014 5
ID FAN TRIP

Motor over-loaded.
Corresponding FD Fan has tripped.
Spurious electrical fault.
Lub. Oil pressure problem.
Bearing temperature problem.
Corresponding APH may have tripped.

8 August 2014 6
FURNACE PRESSURE LOW

I.D. Fan auto control Failure.
I.D. Fan vane control mechanism Failure
causing vanes to open wide.
Sudden decrease in air input or tripping of one
F. D. fan.
Sudden tripping of one or more mills or
choking of mill/raw coal Feeder pipe.

8 August 2014 7
FD FAN TRIPPED

Motor over-loaded
Lub oil pressure trouble.
Bearing temperature trouble.
ID fan has tripped.
FD lub. Oil pressure low.
8 August 2014 8
PA FAN TRIPPED

tripping is due to high bearing temp.
Boiler has tripped.
Lub. Oil pressure may be very low.
It will lead to tripping of some mills in service.



8 August 2014 9
AIR PRE-HEATER

AIR PRE HEATER BEARING TEMPERATURE
VERY HIGH.
AIR PRE-HEATER ELECTRIC MOTOR TRIPPED.
APH ELECTRIC DRIVE TRIPPED AND AIR
MOTOR FAILS TO START.
AIR PRE-HEATER ON FIRE.


8 August 2014 10
DRUM LEVEL LOW

Mal-operation of Feed Auto Control or Feed
Regulator or scoop auto.
Tripping of one of working feed pump (standby pump
does not start)
Sudden increase of load.
Sudden increase in firing rate, e.g.
starting of mills having sufficient coal left before
previous stopping.
Tube rapture/puncture of low point drain valves or
Emergency drum drain Valve
Inadvertant opening of low point drain valves or
Emergency drum drain valve.

8 August 2014 11
HIGH DRUM LEVEL

Mal-operation of feed water control.
Sudden decrease in firing rate e.g. tripping of
the running mills.
B.F.P. Scoop tube position suddenly increased.

8 August 2014 12
FLAME FAILURE AT AN ELEVATION

Closing of trip valves on H.O. (Causing loss of ignition
support energy) Where F.O. is being used as support
fuel or when only oil is being used
Sudden decrease of mill feeder speeds to minimum.
Too low or too high wind box pressure causing
unstable combustion.
Water wall tube failure
Malfunction of flame scanners due to supply failure
or scanner air failure,
slag or soot on scanner lenses etc.
Burner tilt mechanism negative extreme due to air
failure to power cylinders.


8 August 2014 13
ONE FEEDER TRIPS

Support energy is removed within 3 minutes
of feeder starting.
No coal flow alarm comes & low current relay
picks up simultaneously.
(Feeder shear pin given way)
Mill trips,
Feeder motor supply fails

8 August 2014 14
ONE MILL TRIPS

Mill discharge valves are closed
Loss of elevation D.C. supply for more than 2
secs.
Support ignition energy is removed Within 3
minutes of feeder starting.
Motor protection operates.
One P.A. Fan trips (mill in excess of 3 will trip
starting from bottom).

8 August 2014 15
WATER MILL TUBE LEAKAGE

Starved water walls due to very low drum
level.
Sustained flame impingement on water wall
tubes.
Blocked tube, scaling of tube, resulting in
overheating of tube metal, pitting, corrosion
of tubes.
Soot blower steam impingement (wet steam
impingement or direct impingement of
steam).
Circulation affected due to opening of low
point drains.

8 August 2014 16
REHEATER/SUPFRHEATER/ ECONOMISER
TUBE FAILURE

Sustained high metal temperatures due to
water wall Slagging or forcing boiler at the
time of hot restart.
Erosion on tubes due to high excess air, high
ash content in coal dislocated tubes, soot
blowing.
Blocked tubes causing overheating.
Salt deposition due to high water level in
drum, poor quality of water.
Inadequate flow due to open superheater,
reheater drain.


8 August 2014 17
Problem in Bottom Ash System
Continuous watch on ash build up
Reduce load
Stopping of unit