POORNIMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING , JAIPUR

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

A
PRACTICAL TRAINING PRESENTATION
ON
ANTIFRICTION BALL BEARING
Presented By: Guided By:
Name:- rakesh singh Name: SANJEEV GOYAL
Reg. no:-PCE/ME/144 Designation: ASST. ENGG.

CONTENTS
Objective
Introduction of NBC
Function of Bearing
Types of Bearing
Parts of ball bearing
Manufacturing of ball bearing
End Term Exam
Code of Conduct
Presentation I Schedule
Preliminary work for 8
th
Semester Seminar
FAQs






INTRODUCTION OF NBC
NEI stands for National Engineering Industries, NBC
Bearings is the premier brand of Indias leading bearings
manufacturer and exporter, National Engineering Industries
Ltd (NEI). Founded in 1946, NBC is a pioneer, renowned for
excellence in quality and delivery for over 60 years. An
integral part of the US$ 1.6Bn CK Birla Group, NBC produces
over 100 million bearings each year in more than 1000 sizes
to serve a host of varied customers across India and 21 other
countries in 5 continents.
A flexibility of approach and action, a commitment to
customer satisfaction and innovation, design and product
development has ensured that NBC is not just the fastest
growing bearings company in India. It is increasingly, a
preferred and collaborative technological partner for new.

Bearing
FUNCTION OF BEARING
The main function of a rotating shaft is to transmit power
from one end of the line to the other.
It needs a good support to ensure stability and frictionless
rotation. The support for the shaft is known as bearing.
The shaft has a running fit in a bearing. All bearing are
provided some lubrication arrangement to reduced friction
between shaft and bearing.

PARTS OF BALL BEARING
Inner Race
Outer Race
Balls
Cage

8
Rolling Contact Bearings
Deep groove (Conrad) bearing
Filling notch ball bearing or maximum capacity bearing
Angular contact bearings (AC)
1. Ball bearings
3. Thrust bearings
4. Linear bearings
Cylindrical bearings
Needle bearings
Tapered bearings
Spherical bearings
2. Roller bearings
Ball Bearings
1. Deep groove (Conrad) bearing
Primarily designed to support radial loads, the thrust
capacity is about 70% of radial load capacity
Load capacity is limited by the number of balls
Ball Bearings
2. Filling notch or maximum capacity ball bearings
Bearings have the same basic radial construction as Conrad type.
However, a filling notch (loading groove) permits more balls to
be used.
Thrust load capacity drops to 20% (2 directions) of radial
load capacity.
Notch
Radial load capacity is 20 40% higher than Conrad type
11
Ball Bearings
3. Angular contact bearings (AC)
The centerline of contact between the balls and the raceway is
at an angle to the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
Used for high radial and thrust load applications
Extra support
in the back
Direction
of thrust
Ken Youssefi Mechanical Engineering Dept.
12
Roller Bearings
Roller bearings have higher load capacity than ball bearings, load is
transmitted through line contact instead of point contact.
Straight cylindrical roller
Needle type
Mechanical
13
Roller Bearings
Tapered bearings
Designed to withstand high radial loads, high thrust loads, and
combined loads at moderate to high speeds. They can also withstand
repeated shock loads.
Ken Youssefi Mechanical Engineering Dept.
14
Roller Bearings
Spherical bearings
Bearing design uses barrel shaped rollers. Spherical roller bearings
combine very high radial load capacity with modest thrust load capacity
and excellent tolerance to misalignment.
Ken Youssefi Mechanical Engineering Dept.
15
Thrust Bearings
Ball thrust bearing
Roller thrust bearing
MANUFACTURING FLOW-
CHART
Forged rings as Raw Material


Turning operation

Centerless Grinding

Heat Treatment

Hardness Testing
Grinding
Honing And Super finishing

Washing
Ready for dispatch to assembly
MANUFACTURING PROCESS


There are four major parts to a standard ball bearing: the outer race, the rolling
balls, the inner race, and the cage.
Races
1 Both races are made in almost the same way. Since they are both rings of
steel, the process starts with steel tubing of an appropriate size. Automatic
machines similar to lathes use cutting tools to cut the basic shape of the race,
leaving all of the dimensions slightly too large. The reason for leaving them too
large is that the races must be heat treated before being finished, and the steel
2 The rough cut races are put into a heat treating furnace at about 1,550
degrees Fahrenheit (843 degrees Celsius) for up to several hours (depending on
the size of the parts), then dipped into an oil bath to cool them and make them
very hard.

3 After the heat treatment process, the races are ready for finishing. However,
the races are now too hard to cut with cutting tools, so the rest of the work
must be done with grinding wheels. These are a lot like what you would find in
any shop for sharpening drill bits and tools, except that several different kinds
and shapes are needed to finish the races. Almost every place on the race is
finished by grinding, which leaves a very smooth, accurate surface. The surfaces
where the bearing fits into the machine must be very round, and the sides must
be flat.

Balls
The balls are a little more difficult to make, even though their shape is very simple.
Surprisingly, the balls start out as thick wire. This wire is fed from a roll into a machine that
cuts off a short piece, and then smashes both ends in toward the middle. This process is
called cold heading. Its name comes from the fact that the wire is n The bulge around the
middle of the rolling balls is removed in a machining proess. The balls are placed in rough
grooves between two cast iron discs.


The bulge around the middle of the rolling balls is removed in a machining proess. The balls
are placed in rough grooves between two cast iron discs. They are then fed back into the
conveyor for many trips through the wheel grooves, until they have been cut down to being
fairly round, almost to the proper size, and the flash is completely gone. Once again, the balls
are left oversize so that they can be ground to their finished size after heat treatment.



The first machining process removes this flash. The ball bearings are put between the faces of
two cast iron disks, where they ride in grooves. The inside of the grooves are rough, which
tears the flash off of the balls. One wheel rotates, while the other one stays still. The
stationary wheel has holes through it so that the balls can be fed into and taken out of the
grooves. A special conveyor feeds balls into one hole, the balls rattle around the groove, and
then come out the other hole.


Cage

8 Steel cages are stamped out of fairly thin sheet metal, much like a cookie
cutter, and then bent to their final shape in a die. A die is made up of two pieces
of steel that fit together, with a hole the shape of the finished part carved inside.
When the cage is put in between and the die is closed, the cage is bent to the
shape of the hole inside. The die is then opened, and the finished part is taken
out, ready to be assembled.
9 Plastic cages are usually made by a process called injection molding. In this
process, a hollow metal mold is filled by squirting melted plastic into it, and
letting it harden. The mold is opened up, and the finished cage is taken out,
ready for assembly.


Assembly

Now that all of the parts are made, the bearing needs to be put together.
First, the inner race is put inside the outer race, only off to one side as far as
possible. This makes a space between them on the opposite side large
enough to insert balls between them. The required number of balls is put in,
then the races are moved so that they are both centered, and the balls
distributed evenly around the bearing. At this point, the cage is installed to
hold the balls apart from each other. Plastic cages are usually just snapped
in, while steel cages usually have to be put in and riveted together. Now that
the bearing is assembled, it is coated with a rust preventative and packaged
for shipping.