Syllabus

(Que : 1 to 2 Ques of 13 Marks)

Introduction, Basic modes of Heat Transfer, Conduction,
Convection and Radiation, Laws of Heat Transfer and
Conservation of Energy requirement

General Heat conduction equation in Cartesian, Cylindrical Co-
ordinates, Spherical Co-ordinates,

Thermal conductivity and diffusivity

One diamentional steady state conduction equation for the
plane wall, Cylinder, Sphere.

Thermal resistance of composite structures, Contact resistance.
overall heat transfer coefficient.

critical thickness of insulation.

Objectives of topic
To learn the basic concepts of heat transfer

To study different modes of heat transfer
and their fundamentals

What is Heat Transfer?
Heat transfer is the movement of heat
energy from one substance to another.

Heat (energy) always moves from a warmer
substance to a cooler substance.
Hot
Cold
What is Heat Transfer?
Heat will continue to move until both
substances are the same temperature.

The greater the difference in temperature
between the substances, the faster the heat will
transfer.

Hot objects in a cooler room will cool to room
temperature.

Cold objects in a warmer room will heat up to
room temperature.


Question
If a cup of coffee and a red popsickle were
left on the table in this room what would
happen to them? Why?

The cup of coffee will cool until it reaches
room temperature. The popsickle will melt
and then the liquid will warm to room
temperature.
Heat Transfer Methods
Heat transfers in three ways:

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

Examples
You touch a black
car in the summer
and the heat from
the car transfers
into your hand.

A breeze makes
you feel cooler
because the wind
transfers heat
away from your
body.
You feel the cold of
a winter day
because the cold
air transfers into
you.

Your Coke in a
cooler gets cold
because the cold
from the ice moves
into the Coke.
Anti-Examples
Conduction
When a metal strip is heated at one end, the
heat travels to the other end.
As heat is supplied to the metal, the particles vibrate,
these vibrations make the adjacent particles vibrate, and
so on and so on, the vibrations are passed along the metal
and so is the heat. This phenomenon is called as
Conduction
Metals are different
Insulators, such as w___ and p____, do not
have this sea of electrons which is why they
do not conduct heat as well as metals.
The outer e______ of metal atoms
drift, and are free to move.

lectrons

When the metal is
heated, this sea of
electrons gain k_____
energy and transfer it
throughout the metal.
inetic
ood lastic
Why does metal feel colder than wood, if they
are both at the same temperature?
Metal is a conductor, wood is an insulator.
Metal conducts the heat away from your
hands. Wood does not conduct the heat
away from your hands as well as the metal,
so the wood feels warmer than the metal.
Conduction
Heat transfer by conduction is the transfer
of heat through direct contact.

Molecules transfer energy to the molecules
next to them.
Conduction
The molecules
do not have to
be the same
substance.
http://www.theelusivefish.com/articles/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/hot-stove.jpg
Example 1
The metal conducts heat from the cup
of warm water to the cup of cool water.
Your Coke becomes cold because the heat from the soda
transfers into the ice, not the other way around.
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Example 2
Overall Coefficient of Heat
Transfer
2
2
i
o
m surface, inside on based area Ai
m surface, outside on based area - Ao
area inside on based transfer heat of t coefficien - U
area outside on based transfer heat of nt -coefficie U
: where

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A h
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ln
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ln
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A U A U
) t ( A U Q
) t ( A U Q
Modes of Heat Transfer
1. Conduction: Is the transfer of heat from one point to another point within
a body or from one body to another body when they are physical contact
with each other.
2. Convection: Is the transfer of heat from one point to another within a
fluid.
a. Natural or Free convection motion of the fluid is due to the
difference in density because of a difference in temperature.
b. Force Convection motion of fluid is accomplished by mechanical
means, such as a fan or a blower.
3. Radiation: It the flow of heat from one body to another body separated by
a distance due to electromagnetic waves.
Summery