GROUP MEMBERS

COURSE CODE : AE 301

COURSE NAME : C0MMUNICATIVE ENGLISH 2
TOPIC OF PRESENTATION : PROCESS AND PROCEDURES
LECTURERS NAME : MADAM TING LEE FAH
PR0GRAMME : DKM3 S4
COMPANY NAME : COPOT H0LDINGS

GROUP MEMBERS :
1. MUHAMMAD KHAFIZ B. RAHIM AZHAR
06DKM12F1130
2. SUHAIMI B. ISMAIL
06DKM12F1158
3. MUHAMMAD NAFI B. J0HARI
06DKM12F1160
4. M0HAMAD HENDRI B. HARIS
06DKM12F1164











OBJECTIVE
Provide the students with the skill to transfer
information from linear to non linear form.
Exposed to the grammatical structures used in
describing proceses and procedures for
produce product that related with mechanical
engineering manufacturing and to present
the description in oral.
INTRODUCTION ABOUT CLAW HAMMER
Is a tool used for pounding nails into, or extracting nails from, some other object.
Generally, claw hammer associated with woodworking but not limited to use with wood products.
Not suitable for heavy hammering on metal surfaces (such as in machining work), as the steel of its head
brittle, ball-peen hammer more suitable for metalwork.
Hammer heads are made of high carbon, heat-treated steel for strength and durability. The heat
treatment helps prevent chipping or cracking caused by repeated blows against other metal objects.
The handles may be made from wood, steel, or a composite material. Wood handles are usually made of
straight-grained ash or hickory.
The manufacturing process varies from one company to another depending on the company's production
capacity and proprietary methods.

16th century claw hammer (1514)
Standard claw hammer
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Hammer.html#b#ixzz2eMG8j1Rq
1.HOT FORGING
The head is made by a process called hot forging.
The steel bar is heated to about 2,200 -2,350 F
(1,200-1,300 C).
Done with electrical induction coil constant heating.

2. BLANKS
The hot bar may then be cut into shorter lengths, called blanks, or it may be fed
continuously into a hot forge.
The bar or blanks are positioned between two formed cavities, called dies, within
the forge. One die is held in a fixed position, and the other is attached to a
movable ram.
The ram forces the two dies together under great pressure, squeezing the hot steel
into the shape of the two cavities. This process is repeated several times using
different shaped dies to gradually form the hammer head.
The forging process aligns the internal grain structure of the steel and provides
much stronger and more durable piece.

material
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3. FORM FLASH
During this process, some of the hot steel squeezes out
around the edges of the die cavities to form flash, which must
be removed.
As a final step the head is placed between two trimming dies,
which are forced together to cut off any protruding flash.
The head is then cooled, and any rough spots are ground
smooth.
Example figure, not actual design
4. HEAT TREATEMENT
In order to prevent chipping and cracking of the hammer
head in service, the face and claws are heat treated to harden
them. This is done by heating those areas, either with a flame
or an induction coil, and then quickly cooling them.
This causes the steel near the surface to form a different grain
structure that is much harder than the rest of the head.


5. SHOT BLASTING
The heads are cleaned with a stream of air containing small
steel particles and called shot blasting.
The pieces are fed by a metallic belt conveyor. These
machines can treat very fragile pieces because during the
shotblasting process, the parts being shot blasted do not
touch one another.
The body may then be painted.

Belt
conveyer
Body
painted
6. POLISHING
The face, poll, claws, and cheeks are polished
smooth. This removes the paint in those areas.
As part of this operation, the v-shaped slot in the
claws is smoothed using an abrasive disc.
face
poll
cheek
claw
abbrasive disc
7. FORMING
A piece of wood is cut to the desired length and secured at each end in
the lathe. As the wood spins around the long axis of the handle, a cutting
tool moves in and out rapidly to cut the handle profile. The position of the
cutting tool is driven by a cam (turning process by tracer) that has the
same shape as the finished handle.
As the cutting tool moves down the length of the handle, it follows the
shape of the cam and cuts the handle to match it. The finished handle is
clamped in a holding device and a slot is cut diagonally across the top of
the handle. The handle is then sanded to give it a smooth surface.

wood
8. ASSEMBLING
The wood wedge is tapped down into the diagonal slot on the top of the
handle to force the two halves outward to press against the head. This
provides sufficient friction to hold the head on the handle. The wood
wedge is secured in place with two smaller steel wedges driven through it
crossways. The handle may then be stenciled with ink or labeled with an
adhesive sticker to show the manufacturer, brand name, or other
information.

wedge
9. QUALITY CONTROL
The normal visual inspections and dimensional
measurements, various steps in the manufacturing
process are monitored.
The most important step is the heat treatment used
to harden portions of the head.
The temperatures and rate of heating and cooling are
critical in forming the proper hardness, and the
entire operation is closely controlled.

SUMMARIZE
The hammer will disappeared from civilization's toolbox
anytime soon
The most formidable competitor is the gas-driven nail gun.
This device used a compressed gas, usually air, to drive a
nail into wood with a single shot.
Although nail guns are heavier and more expensive than
hammers, they are also significantly faster. This is especially
true in repetitive nailing operations such as installing floor
or roof sheathing for new home construction.
Nail guns are also favored in areas where noise is a
concern. Because a nail gun can drive a nail in a single shot,
it produces much less over-all noise than the five or six
hammer blows it takes to drive a nail.

SUMMARIZE
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
LOW COSTS PRODUCTION

PRODUCING TIME TOO LONG
EASY TO BRING AND USING INSTALLING JOB SLOWER THAN GAS
DRIVEN NAIL GUN
CONCLUSION