TSL 3111

TOPIC 1
TEACHING AND LEARNING
MATERIALS FOR THE CLASSROOM
TEACHING AND LEARNING
MATERIALS FOR THE CLASSROOM
TYPES
AUDIO
VISUAL
PURPOSES
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
DEFINITION OF TEACHING
AND LEARNING MATERIALS

Educational materials that teachers use in the
classroom to support specific learning objectives,
as set out in lesson plan.
AUDIO
All various systems that can play audio signals
straightforward or listened to by a class, group or
individual.
Example of audio aids:
Radio broadcasts
Audio discs
Audiotapes

RADIO BROADCASTS

AUDIO DISCS

AUDIOTAPES

More audio teaching materials

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learning/schoolradio/subjects/english/
School Radio: Audio resources for primary schools

http://www.teachitworld.com/audio
ELT audio resources lively and authentic listening

VISUAL
Pictorial or non-pictorial materials.
Example of visual aids:
Posters
Flash card
Magazine pictures
Figurines
Puppets
Realia
Diagrams
Maps

CHALKBOARD / DRY ERASE BOARD
Chalkboard: Writing & Erasing
Tools: Colors, Magnetic, etc.
Advantages & Disadvantages:
Traditional but messy
Dry Erase Board: Writing & Erasing
Tools: Colors, Magnetic, etc.
Advantages & Disadvantages
Cleaner, More Versatile, but Requires
Special Equipment
SLIDE PROJECTOR
Common Uses of Slide Projectors:
Used to show specialized slides
Primarily replaced by the advent of the
digital camera and Power Point coupled
with LCD projectors and a laptop.
PHOTOGRAPHS
Common Uses of Photos:
Show what cannot be viewed in a particular
area.
Show what may be too large or small to see
with the human eye.
Show historical view points.
Using Photos as Visuals:
A picture is worth a thousand words!
POSTERS, CHARTS, GRAPHS,
& MAPS
Common Uses:
Self-directed student learning.
Classroom decoration.
Learning Themes.
Sources of Posters, Charts, Graphs, & Maps:
Keep your eyes open, these are found
everywhere!
Newspapers, Companies, Commodity
Groups, Government Agencies, etc.
MODELS
Common Models:
What type of topic requires models?
Hard to find specimens
Illegal, immoral, dangerous, etc. specimens.
Model Characteristics:
Can be constructed.
Can be purchased, but tend to be expensive.
PURPOSES
Visual:
Help students focus their attention on what is being
taught
Aid students in the process of understanding and
producing language
Can be used at various stages of the lesson to create
context, illustrate details, serve as prompts to structure
practice or serve as aids for games, role-play and other
activities
Can be used as means of expressing understanding.
Eg: descriptions of objects, events, processes and directions in Reading
and Listening comprehension.

PURPOSES
Audio:
Taped recordings of lectures or movies are
helpful to auditory learners because they pick up
on speech nuances such as tone and pitch.
Computers with speech-recognition devices will
also help auditory learners to process and retain
information better than just reading from a
textbook.
STRENGTHS
Maintain the interest of students
Involve various sensory channels such as seeing,
hearing or touching so that learning takes place
Create a change of pace in the lesson
WEAKNESSES
There could appear technical problems
Mixed ability- some students are advanced and some are
slow
Classroom management-teacher could find it difficult to
draw students' attention
Not always appropriate materials for students
Audio programmes are only sound-based and have no
visuals. Hence these programmes can be boring.
In case of audio there is no scope for interaction and
feedback. Hence these are one-sided/one-way
communication and miss the personal touch.


SOURCE
http://k6educators.about.com/od/educationglossary/
g/gtlm.htm
http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/blogs/gozalutem/
advantages-disadvantages-using-technology-
classroom
http://books.google.com.my/books/producing
Teaching Materials: A Handbook For Teachers and
Trainers
http://audio-visual-
ebooks.wikispaces.com/The+Uses+of+Audio-
Visual+Aids+in+Teaching
Sources
History of teaching materials
Example of strength n weaknesses