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MACHINE SHOP
PRACTICES
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IN CASE OF DOUBT
GET CLARIFICATIONS
NEVER ASSUME
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PRE-PLANNING
1. STUDY SCOPE
ORDER FOR SCOPE OF OPERATIONS
TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
DRAWINGS
QUALITY PLAN REQUIREMENTS



GET CLARIFICATIONS IN CASE OF DOUBTS NEVER
ASSUME
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PRE-PLANNING
2. STUDY DOCUMENTS
WHAT IS THE MATERIAL ?
IS CORRECT MATERIAL SUPPLIED ?
IDENTIFICATIONS
ATTESTATIONS (IF REQUIRED)
EVIDENCE OF COMPLETION OF ALL
PREVIOUS OPERATIONS
(FABRICATIONS , HEAT TREATMENT
ETC)
GET CLARIFICATIONS IN CASE OF DOUBTS NEVER
ASSUME
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PRE-PLANNING
3. PLAN PRODUCTION PROCESS
WHAT ARE YOUR FACI LI TI ES ?
ARE THEY IN LINE WITH TECH
PROCESS?
MODIFY YOUR PROCESS TO SUIT YOUR
FACI LI TI ES IF POSSIBLE
IDENTIFY THE ATTESTATIONS
TRANSFER POINTS(IF REQUIRED)


GET CLARIFICATIONS IN CASE OF DOUBTS NEVER ASSUME
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PRE-PLANNING
4. PLAN SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
IDENTIFY AND LIST THE REQUIREMENTS
OF
JIGS
FIXTURES
SPECIAL TOOLS
GAUGES
SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS etc

GET CLARIFICATIONS IN CASE OF DOUBTS NEVER ASSUME
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PRE-PLANNING
5. PLAN INSPECTION
RE-STUDY THE DRAWING AND PROCESS
IN DETAIL

FORMAT THE I N-PROCESS I NSPECTI ON
DOCUMENT (DIR) BASED ON THE
DIMENSIONS AT EACH STAGE OF THE
MANUFACURING SEQUENCE.

GET CLARIFICATIONS IN CASE OF DOUBTS NEVER
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INPROCESS INSPECTION REPORT
Page 1 of 3
VENDOR CODE : Record No. Date :
Product and Project Pulvrisers / Record No
Work Order No Part no & Name JOURNAL HEAD
Drawing No 061000001690208 Identification
SRV/FGDC No
SNO DESCRIPTION DETAILS SIGN OF INSP
1 NDT Results
2 Hydrostatic Test Results
3 Other Tests (if any)
Actual Values SNO Characteristics as per
Drg/Specificn
1 2 3 4
IDENTIFICATIONS
Remarks
1 353-0.1/-0.3 (SEC AA
(2)
2 DEPTH 13
3 TOT HT 724
4 495.25 -0.05 (SEC AA)
(2)
5 CONC TAPER BORE 0.13

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PRE-PLANNING
5. PLAN INSPECTION

IDENTIFY THE MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
TO BE USED FOR EACH DIMENSION




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PRE-PLANNING
6. CRITICAL DIMENSIONS
CLEARLY IDENTIFY CRITICAL
DIMENSIONS ON THE INSP DOCUMENT.
IDENTIFY AND MARK INSPECTION
CHECK POINTS AND AGENCY ON THE
DOCUMENT ( INTERNAL/ BHEL/ 3rd
PARTY) BASED ON QUALITY PLAN / TECH
PROCESS

GET CLARIFICATIONS IN CASE OF DOUBTS NEVER
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INPROCESS INSPECTION REPORT
Page 1 of 3
VENDOR CODE : Record No. Date :
Product and Project Pulvrisers / Record No
Work Order No Part no & Name JOURNAL HEAD
Drawing No 061000001690208 Identification
SRV/FGDC No
SNO DESCRIPTION DETAILS SIGN OF INSP
1 NDT Results
2 Hydrostatic Test Results
3 Other Tests (if any)
Actual Values SNO Characteristics as per
Drg/Specificn
1 2 3 4
IDENTIFICATIONS
Remarks
1 353-0.1/-0.3 (SEC AA MICR
(2)
2 DEPTH 13 DEP GG
3 TOT HT 724 VERN.
4 495.25 -0.05 (SEC AA) MICR
(2)
5 CONC TAPER BORE 0.13
6 PERP FACE : A 0.08

BHEL ON M/C
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PRE-PLANNING
7. GEOMETRICAL TOLERANCES
IDENTIFY ALL THE GEOMETRICAL
TOLERANCES ON THE DRAWING. (eg
etc
IDENTIFY THE REFERENCE DIMENSION
FOR THESE TOLERANCES


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PRE-PLANNING
8. PLANNING FOR GEOM. TOLS
FORMALISE THE GEOMETRICAL
TOLERANCES
HOW TO IN-BUILT IN THE PROCESS
HOW TO INSPECT
INSPECTION ON MACHINE / OFF MACHINE


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EXECUTION
9. DISCUSSION
DISCUSS WITH THE OPERATOR(S) IN
DETAIL ABOUT ALL THE EARLIER
STAGES
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
INSPECT HOLD POINTS
RECORDING FORMAT
ATTESTATION REQUIREMENTS etc
MODIFY THE EARLIER STEPS IF NECESSARY.
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EXECUTION
10. JOB MARKING
MARK THE JOB FOR MACHINING ALLOWANCES
START WITH REFERENCE DIMENSION AS
BASE.
CHECK FOR ALLOWANCES ON ALL OTHER
DIMENSIONS WITH RESP TO REF DIMENSION.
RE-DISTRIBUTE FOR EQUAL ALLOWANCE ON
ALL MACHINED SURFACES.

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EXECUTION
10. JOB MARKING
ENSURE THAT
WALL THICK-NESSES.
FLANGE THICK-NESSES.
CRITICAL BUT UN-MACHINED SURFACES
ARE MAINTAINED.
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EXAMPLE
A SEGMENTAL COMPONENT HAS 90
DEGREE SPAN.
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FOUR SUCH SEGMENTS ARE ASSEMBLED
TOGETHER TO MAKE A RING.
- THE PARTING PLANES ARE MILLED,
- PARTING PLANE HOLES ARE DRILLED,
- FOUR HALVES ARE JOINED FOR FINAL
BORING.
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AT THE TIME OF BORING, IT WAS FOUND
THAT ONE SEGMENT IS NOT MATCHING
WITH OTHER THREE : THERE IS NO
MACHINING ALLOWANCE ON OUTSIDE
DIAMETER
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IF THE PROBLEM IS ANALYSED IT CAN
BE EASILY SEEN THAT THE COMPONENT
COULD HAVE BEEN SALVAGED HAD IT
BEEN MARKED EARLIER BY TAKING THE
CENTER OF THE DIAMETERS AS
REFERENCE
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THE COMPONENT SHOULD HAVE BEEN MARKED
WITH REFERENCE TO THE DIAMETERS AND THE
MACHINING ALLOWANCES ON THE FLANGES
SHOULD HAVE BEEN FIXED BASED ON THIS
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EXECUTION
11. JOB SETTING
CLEAN THE MACHINE BED AND
SORROUNDING THOROUGHLY.
LOAD THE JOB ON MACHINE SUCH THAT
THE REFERENCE PLANE IS IN POSITION
FOR MACHINING. PREFERABLY
SUPPORT THE JOB ON L BLOCKS.
ALIGN THE JOB WITH RESPECT TO THE
REFERENCE PLANE
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JOB SETTING
PROVIDE SUPPORTS/SHIMS BELOW EACH
CLAMP.
NECESSARY CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN
WHILE CLAMPING SUCH THAT THE J OB
STRESS DUE TO CLAMPING IS MINIMUM.
IN CASE COOLANT IS USED DURING
MACHINING CHECK THE COOLANT TO
BE USED FOR THE MATERIAL.
ENSURE THE COOLANT CONDITION
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EXECUTION
12. MACHINING
FIRST ROUGH MACHINE THE MAIN
REFERENCE SURFACE.
ALL OTHER PARAMETERS RELATED TO
THIS PLANE MUST WITH REFERENCE TO
THIS PLANE.
ROUGH MACHINE ALL OTHER SURFACES
WITH RESPECT TO THIS PLANE
PREFERABLE ALLOWANCE AT THIS
STAGE IS APPROXIMATELY 3mm.
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EXECUTION
12.1. ROUGH MACHINING
NECESSARY CARE MUST BE TAKEN
WHILE ROUGH MACHINING TO :
A) AVOID OVER-LOADING THE MACHINE
B) AVOID OVER STRESSING THE JOB: THIS
MAY GIVE RESULT IN BURNING/
DISTORTION.
C) LEAVE SUFFICIENT ALLOWANCE FOR
FINISH MACHINING
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MACHINING STRESSES
ANY MACHINING CREATES
MACHINING STRESSES IN THE JOB
MORE DEPTH OF CUT / FEED / SPEED
MEANS MORE STRESS
THESE MACHINING STRESS DISTORT
THE JOB OVER TIME : WHICH MAY
TAKE FROM A FEW HOURS TO
MONTHS OR MAY BE YEARS
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MACHINING STRESSES
THE BEST WAY TO REMOVE THESE
STRESSES IS TO STRESS RELIEVE
AFTER ROUGH MACHINING
THIS IS MANDATORY FOR CRITICAL
COMPONENTS
HOWEVER A FEW PRE-CAUTIONS
MAY KEEP THESE STRESSES WITHIN
MANAGEABLE LIMITS FOR MOST OF
THE JOBS
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MACHINING STRESSES
A) ENSURE THAT THE JOB IS NOT
DISTORTED DURING CLAMPING
B) DO NOT TAKE HEAVY CUT DURING
ROUGH MACHINING
C) COMPLETE THE ROUGH M/Cng AND
ALLOW THE JOB TO REST BY REMOVING
THE CLAMPS, AND ALLOWING THE JOB
TO STAND FOR A FEW HOURS.
D) A PRACTICAL WAY TO DO THIS WILL
BE TO ROUGH MACHINE ALL THE JOBS
AND THEN ONE BY ONE FINISH MACHINE
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12.2 FINISH MACHINING
1. ASSESS
THE CONDITION OF THE MACHINE.
THE ACCURACY IT CAN ACHIEVE
THIS HELPS IN SCHEDULING (PLANNING
THE JOB FOR A MACHINE)

2. SELECT THE RIGHT TOOL FOR THE
MATERIAL OF THE COMPONENT
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FINISH MACHINING
3. ASSESS THE FEED/ SPEED/ DEPTH OF
CUT PARAMETERS FOR THE MATERIAL
TO GET THE REQUIRED FINISH. THIS
CAN BE FOUND DURING ROUGHIN
STAGE BY TAKING A TRIAL FINISHING
CUT WITH FINISHING TOOL IF NO DATA
IS AVAILABLE.

KEEP A RECORD OF M/C ACCURACIES
ALL PARAMETERS etc. THIS WILL
HELP YOU IN FUTURE JOBS.
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FINISH MACHINING
1. START BY MACHINING THE REFERENCE
PLANE FIRST
2. ALL THE REFERENCE M/C SURFACES
REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE GEOMETRICAL
TOLERANCES MUST BE MACHINED WITH
REFERENCE TO THIS SURFACE
3. ADHERE TO THE DECIDED SEQUENCE
OF OPERATIONS.
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FINISH MACHINING
4. DO NOT CARRY OUT MEASUREMENTS
WHEN JOB IS HOT OR STRESSED. ALLOW
THE JOB TO COOL DOWN. ENSURE THAT
THE JOBS, CLAMPS, ETC ARE NOT OVER
STRESSING THE COMPONENT
(EXTREMELY CRITICAL FOR THIN
WALLED COMPONENTS)
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UNDERSTANDING
GEOMETRICAL TOLERANCES
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O.O2 A
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O.O2 A
TOLERANCE VALUE
TOLERANCE CHARACTERISTIC DATUM
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GEOMETRIC TOLERANCES
A GEOMETRIC TOLERANCE SPECIFIES
THE GEOMETRY OF THE FEATURE.
THIS GEOMETRY CAN BE OF EITHER OF
THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS
FORM
PROFILE
ORIENTATION
LOCATION
RUN-OUT
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TOLERANCE OF FORM

FEATURE
CHARACTERISTIC
SYMBOL
ASME
Y14.5M
Ref.
STRAIGHTNESS 4.4.1
FLATNESS 6.4.2
CIRCULARITY
(ROUNDNESS )
6.4.3
CYLINDRICTY 6.4.4
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TOLERANCE OF PROFILE

FEATURE CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL
ASME
Y14.5M
Ref.
PROFILE OF LINE

6.5.2(b)
PROFILE OF SURFACE

6.5.2(a)
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TOLERANCE OF ORIENTATION

FEATURE CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL
ASME
Y14.5M
Ref.
ANGULARITY 6.6.2
PERPENDICULARITY

6.6.4
PARALLEISM
//
6.6.3
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TOLERANCE OF LOCATION

FEATURE CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL
ASME
Y14.5M
Ref.
POSITION 5.2
CONCENTRICTY 5.11.3
SYMMETRY 5.13
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TOLERANCE OF RUN-OUT

FEATURE CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL
ASME Y14.5M
Ref.
CIRCULAR RUNOUT

6.7.1.2.1
TOTAL RUNOUT

6.7.1.2.2
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SPECIAL MACHINING
ACTIVITIES
1. REFERENCE CUT
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REFERENCE MACHINING

IF THE JOB IS TO BE MACHINED FROM
MORE THAN ONE SIDE, (ie JOB TO BE
UNCLAMPED AND RE-CLAMPED AT A
DIFFERENT POSITION), eg MACHINING
ON VERTICAL BORING ON 2 FACES
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REFERENCE : VERTICAL BORING
IT IS NECESSARY TO HAVE A FACE AS
WELL AS MINIMUM ONE SETTING
DIAMETER (IDEAL 2 DIAS) REFERENCE
FOR RE-ALIGNMENT PURPOSE.
FOR VERTICAL BORING OPERATIONS,
REFERENCE DIMENSIONS MAY BE
A) SEATING FACE ON BED
B) REFERENCE DIAMETER FOR DIALLING
C) REFERENCE FACE FOR DIALLING
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REFERENCE : VERTICAL BORING
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REFERENCE : VERTICAL BORING
(PREFERABLE)
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REFERENCE : CENTER LATHES
FOR CENTER LATHES ALMOST ALWAYS
THE SETTING IS BY TWO SETTING
DIAMETER REFERENCE FOR RE-
ALIGNMENT PURPOSE.
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REFERENCE MACHINING
FOR HORIZONTAL BORING OPERATIONS,
THE NUMBER OF FACTORS AND HENCE
NUMBER OF REFERENCE AXIS BECOMES
MUCH HIGHER
A JOB LOOSENED AND RE-TIGHETENED
CAN BE DISTURBED IN 3 AXIS (X,Y & Z)
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REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
CONSIDER A PIPE UNDER MACHINING.
THIS CAN BE RE-CLAMPED DISTURBED IN 3
AXIS AS SHOWN.
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IN ADDITION IT CAN BE DISTURBED IN AT
LEAST TWO ANGLES .
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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TO COMPLICATE THE MATTER FURTHER,
THE MACHINE POSITION ITSELF CAN BE
DISTURBED WITH REFERENCE TO JOB.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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ANOTHER PROBLEM USUALLY FACED
WITH HORIZONTAL BORING IS THE
SPINDLE SAG AS IT IS MOVED OUT.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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ONE MAY END UP WITH THE SHAPE OF A
STRAIGHT BORE AS SHOWN.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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ONE OF THE WAY TO OVERCOME THIS SAG
IS BY BED MOVEMENT.
THE SPINDLE IS KEPT STATIONARY THE
MACHINE BED IS MOVED FORWARD/
BACKWARD.( PROVIDED TABLE FEED
FACILITY IS AVAILABLE IN THE M/C)
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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HOWEVER IT IS NECESSARY THAT FOR
THIS PURPOSE, THE MOVEMENT AXIS OF
THE BED MUST BE EXACTLY PARALLEL
TO THE MACHINE AXIS
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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OTHER WISE THE SHAPE OF THE BORES
MAY BE AS SHOWN
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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TO OVERCOME THIS THE REFERENCE
MACHINING IS CARRIED OUT.
ALL THE ERRORS WHETHER BECAUSE OF
POSITIONING OR ANGLE CAN BE
DIVIDED INTO 5 GROUPS
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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A) X AXIS POSITION
B) Y AXIS POSITION
C) Z AXIS POSITION
D) ANGLE IN Y-Z PLANE
E) ANGLE IN X-Z PLANE
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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IF THE JOB IS SET IN 2 PERPENDICULAR
DIRECTION AND THE X, Y AND Z
POSITIONS ARE FIXED WITH RESPECT TO
ANY FIXED PLANES, THE JOB AFTER
DISTURBANCE (DUE TO JOB ROTATION,
JOB RESETTING) ETC CAN BE SET BACK
TO ORIGINAL POSITION.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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THE ONLY CARE TO BE TAKEN
HERE IS THAT THE ANGLE
SETTING (BY DIALLING) MUST BE
DONE IN THE SAME WAY AS THE
ACTUAL MACHINING :

REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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A) IF ACTUAL MACHINING IS BY TABLE
MOVEMENT : SETTING DIALLING MUST
BE BY TABLE MOVEMENT.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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B) IF ACTUAL MACHINING IS BY SPINDLE
MOVEMENT : SETTING DIALLING MUST
BE BY SPINDLE MOVEMENT.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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C) IF ACTUAL MACHINING IS BY RAM
MOVEMENT : SETTING DIALLING MUST
BE BY RAM MOVEMENT.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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THE POSITIONAL REFERENCE SHOULD
BE TAKEN FROM AN UN-DISTURBED
POINT.
THUS IF A BED IS ROTATED, THE
HEIGHT FROM BED WILL NOT GIVE
POSITIONAL ACCURACY UNLESS THE
GEOMETRIC ACCURACY OF THE BED
IS KNOWN AND ADJUSTED.
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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THE MOST PREFERRED WAY MAY BE
TO TAKE A CUT ON THE JOB ITSELF
IF POSSIBLE
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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DIAL THIS SURFACE AS DISCUSSED
EARLIER (BED MOVEMENT/ RAM
MOVEMENT/SPINDLE MOVEMENT)
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
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MACHINE THE FEATURE
MEASURE THE DIMENSION X
REF MACHINING : HORIZ BORING
X
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IN SECOND SETTING AGAIN DIAL THE
REFERENCE FACE MACHINE THE
FEATURE SO THAT THE SAME
DIMENSION X IS ACHIEVED ( AFTER
CORRECTING FOR THE
DIMENSIONAL DIFFERENCES Y1 &
Y2)
X
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IN SECOND SETTING AGAIN DIAL THE
REFERENCE FACE
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MACHINE THE FEATURE SO THAT THE
SAME DIMENSION X IS ACHIEVED (
AFTER CORRECTING FOR THE
DIMENSIONAL DIFFERENCES Y1 &
Y2)
X
X
Y1
Y2
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IF THIS REFERENCE CUT IS TAKEN IN
TWO PERPENDICULAR AXES, THEN
BY DIALING THESE TWO AXIS AND
MAINTAINING THE DIMENSIONS X,
POSITIONAL AND ANGULAR
POSITIONS ON 2 AXIS CAN BE
ENSURED INDEPENDENT OF THE
MACHINE.
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SB
ONLY PRE-CAUTION NECESSARY IS
THAT THESE TWO REFERENCE
CUTS MUST BE
A) IN A FLAT PLANE
B) PARALLEL TO THE REQUIRED
AXIS.
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SPECIAL MACHINING
ACTIVITIES
2. BLUE MATCHING
SB
BLUE MATCHING
IN CASE ANY PARTING PLANE BLUE
MATCHING IS REQUIRED, IT IS TO
BE DONE BY FINISH MACHINING
THE CORERSPONDING SURFACES
IMMEDIATELY AFTER ROUGH
MACHINING.
FOR BLUE MATCHING TWO MATING
SURFACES, FIRST BLUE MATCH
BOTH INDIVIDUALLY WITH A
MASTER LEVEL BED.
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BLUE MATCHING
ENSURE THE CONDITION OF THE
LEVEL BED BEFORE STARTING THE
OPERATION.
BLUE MUST BE APPLIED ON THE BED
BY A ROLLER, AND A VERY SMALL
QUANTITY OF BLUE MUST BE
SPREAD EVENLY
ALTERNATELY A CLEAN CLOTH MAY
BE USED TO SPREAD THE BLUE.
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BLUE MATCHING
AFTER BOTH THE SURFACES ARE
INDIVIDUALLY MATCHED, MATCH
THE SURFACES WITH EACH OTHER.
APPLY MINIMUM QUANTITY OF BLUE
ON ONE SURFACE
MOVEMENT OF ONE SURFACE
AGAINST SECOND MUST BE
LIMITED TO APPROXIMATELY 10-15
mm ONLY.
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BLUE MATCHING
CHECK THE GAP BETWEEN
SURFACES WITH A FEELER 0.02 TO
0.03 mm THICK.
REMOVE THE COMPONENTS AND
INSPECT BOTH THE SURFACES.
IN THE CLEAN SURFACE OBSERVE
BLUE MARK,
IN THE BLUE SURFACE OBSERVE
FOR ANY SHINE/ SCRATCH
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BLUE MATCHING
CONTINUE BLUE MATCHING BY SCRAPING
TILL
A) % CONTACT IS AS PER REQUIREMENT
B) FEELER DOES NOT ENTER THE SURFACE
IN FREE CONDITION (WITHOUT BOLT)
C) NO ABNORMAL SCRATCH MARKS ON
SURFACES
D) THE AREAS WITHOUT BLUE ARE
SCATTERED AND DO NOT CREATE A
LEAKAGE PATH ACROSS
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SPECIAL MACHINING
ACTIVITIES
3. MACHINING HALF DIAMETERS
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
VERY OFTEN COMPONENTS ARE
MACHINED IN 2 HALVES.
EACH OF THE HALF SEGMENT OF
HAS TO HAVE HALF OF THE BORE
ie THE BORE AXIS SHOULD PASS
THROUGH THE PARTING PLANE

SB
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
THERE MAY BE SEVERAL METHODS
AVAILABLE TO MEET THIS TYPE OF
REQUIREMENTS.

SB
HALF DIA MACHINING VERT BORING
MOST CRUDE METHOD IS TO DIAL
THE PARTING PLANE.

THE ALIGNMENT CHECK IS VISUAL
AND ACCURACY IS LOW
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HALF DIA MACHINING VERT BORING
SECOND METHOD IS TO MACHINE
HALF BORE IN ONE OF THE HALVES.

MEASURE DIMENSIONS X & Y
CALCULATE HALF BORE OFFSET AS
= Y - X/2
ON VERTICAL BORING WHILE
DIALING GET THIS VALUE.
X
Y
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING VERT BORING
FOR EXAMPLE, IF
X= 300.00 Y = 150.20
Y - X/2 = 150.20 - 300/2 = 0.20

X
Y
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING VERT BORING
FOR EXAMPLE, IF
X= 300.00 Y = 150.20
Y - X/2 = 150.20 - 300/2 = 0.20

0
0
+0.20
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
ADJUST THE JOB ON TABLE TILL
THIS DIAL READING PATTERN IS
ACHIEVED.

SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
THE THIRD METHOD IS TO TAKE A
REFERENCE CUT AS SHOWN

PUT THE JOB ON A LEVEL BED.
MEASURE THE DIMENSION X

X
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
SET THE JOB APPROXIMATELY (BY
TRACING THE PARTING PLANE AS
PER METHOD-1)
MEASURE THE DIAMETER AND
DIMENSION Y


D
Y
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
IF THE DIMENSION
Y = X - D/2
THE SETTING IS OK
ELSE ADJUST THE JOB TILL THE
VALUE IS ACHIEVED


D
Y
X
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
IF THE CENTERING IS TO BE DONE
ON 2 DIRECTIONS, 2 REFERENCE
CUTS AS SHOWN MAY BE TAKEN
X
Y
R
P
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING

X-R
P/2+Y-R
SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
FOR SETTING OF THE JOB, ALONG
WITH THIS REFERENCE CUT,
ANOTHER SETTING IS REQUIRED TO
ENSURE VERTICALLITY OF THE
PARTING PLANE.
THE USUAL PRACTICE IS TO HAVE
THE REFERENCE CUT
THROUGHOUT THE LENGTH FOR
DIALLING.

SB
OR
SB
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HALF DIA MACHINING
THIS IS THE MOST PREFERABLE
METHOD OF JOB SETTING SINCE
A) THE HALF DIA SETTING CAN BE
MOST ACCURATELY DONE
B) THE SETTING AND THE RESULT
CAN BE CROSS CHECKED EVEN
AFTER UN-LOADING FROM
MACHINE.

SB
HALF DIA MACHINING
THIS IS METHOD CAN BE APPLIED
EVEN ON HORIZONTAL BORING
OPERATION

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