Energy Sustainable Strategies for

Hospitals in New York City

Presented By:
Anson Chow
Rahul Sharma
Outline
Introduction
Energy profile of the NYC Hospitals
Carbon emissions rates of the sector
Sustainable energy solutions to be explored
Quantify the sustainable energy resources availabilility
Rank the sustainable options for based on cost and carbon
emission savings
Economic model for the sector
Barriers to reach full implementation
The healthcare sector is a vital part in maintaining a
productive population and economy, which leads to the
analysis of sustainable energy conversion for hospitals in
NYC.

Energy sustainability:
meeting the energy needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
needs.

Objective
improve energy usage efficiency
conserve energy resources for future use
Introduction
Energy Profile of NYC Hospitals
Currently the energy profile of the sector currently consists of natural gas
and petroleum for building heating, and electricity for cooling and
appliance usage.


Current Energy Usage
Standard NYC Hospital Building
Building Area = 2,000,000 sf./85,000 sqm.
Roof Area = 86000 sf. /8000 sqm.

Power Usage
Electricity: 27.5 kWh per sf. = 7000 kW
Natural Gas: 109.8 cf. per sf. = 8200 kW
Carbon Emissions
The resulting carbon emissions of such energy profiles on an
annual basis are approximately 50 lbs of CO2 per square foot
per year.
Sustainable Energy Solutions
Alternative Energy to be evaluated:
photovoltaic technology
wind turbines
Onsite cogeneration power generation
Photovoltaic
Efficiency = 0.15
Solar Radiation Incident = 229 W/-m
2

Energy Output = 35 W/h-m
2

Total Output 275 kW
4% of total electrical energy needs

Wind Turbine
Wind speed = 4 m/s
Performance Coefficient = 0.35
Wetted Area = 7.5 m
2


WPP== 100 Watt per turbine
500 turbines WPP= 50 kW
Provides only 0.7% of Electrical needs

Solar Power Cogeneration
Schematic of Solar CHP
Solar CHP data
Produces 1100 kW of Heat
13.4% of heating needs
Natural Gas Cogeneration
Case Study 2G 2390 NG Natural Gas

Electrical Output = 2,390 ekW
Thermal Output = 2,449 kW
COP = 4.0

Efficiency
Electrical = 42.60
Thermal = 43.40
Combined = 86.00
COP = 4.0

Natural Gas Consumption (cfm) = 347.25 ft/m
Ranking Sustainable Options
CO2 Emissions by source
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Electricity Natural Gas
Annual Co2Pollution in tones/yr
Cost Analysis
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Source Consumption Cost
Electricity 61,325,000 kWh $6,132,500
Natural Gas 71,880,000 kWh $21,032,960
Cost Analysis
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Present Sources Future CHP source
Cost comparison
Economic model
Because of limited space we anticipate that
renewable solution alone is not practical, and thus
combination of the mentioned solutions is needed
to be implemented.
Natural Gas CCHP provides 80% of energy needs
Solar CCHP provides 20% of energy needs
The production cost for CCHP unit is
approximately $500/KW
Total cost: $5.6 million

Barriers
The barriers to reach full implementation most
likely are the costs of new technologies and
equipment which is not convenient and
affordable for the hospitals.
Starting a CCHP unit has a high installation
cost (takes five years to pay it off)
Adds to local pollution because the energy
generation takes place on site
High maintenance cost