Spring Problems

Equations for Equation sheet for

Springs and Pendulum Problems
Pendulum Problems
Examples of
Frequency and Period Problems

Examples of
Period
Frequency
Problems
Frequency and Period Problem
(Without Period or Frequency given)
Terry Jumps up and down on a
trampoline 30 times in 55 seconds.
What is the frequency with which he
is jumping?

30 times
55 seconds
0.55 Hz
Frequency and Period
Conversion problem
Terry Jumps up
and down on a
trampoline with
a frequency of
1.5 Hz. What is
the period of
Terrys
jumping?
1.5 Hz
0.67 sec
Examples of
Pendulum
Problems
Problem:
At the California Academy of Sciences the
length of the pendulum is:
90m = L

The acceleration of gravity at this location is:
9.8 m/s/s = g

What is the Period? T=???? seconds
Solution
List:
L = 90m
g = 9.8 m/s/s
T=???? seconds

Choose equation:
Solve: Plug and Chug
90 m
9.8 m/s/s
9.18 s
2

(3.03 s)
(19.0 s)
A pendulum has a length of 3 m and
executes 20 complete vibrations in
70 seconds.

Find the acceleration of gravity at
the location of the pendulum.
A problem where you
Find the period or frequency 1
st

A pendulum has a length of 3 m and
executes 20 complete vibrations in 70
seconds. Find g.
1.
f = cycles / seconds
= 20 cycles / 70 seconds
= 0.286 hz
= 0.286 / sec

2.
T = 1 / f
= (1 / 0.286) seconds
= 3.5 seconds

What short cut could I have
used?
# vibrations
# seconds is
the time for
all the
oscillations
L = 3m and T= 3.5 seconds
Find the acceleration of gravity at the location
3.5 s = 2(3/g)
3.5 s = 6.28 (3/g)

Square both sides
12.25 = 39.43 (3/g)
12.25 = 118.3/g
12.25(g) = 118.3

Divide by 12.25
g = 9.658 m/s/s
Heads up!!
If you by 2
Use (2 ) !!
A problem Where
"g" = 9.8 m/s/s is understood

Know you use g=9.8 m/s/s if:
g not given or asked for used 9.8 m/s/s


Part 1: A simple pendulum has a period of 2.400
seconds where "g" = 9.810 m/s/s. Find the length?

Part 2: Find "g" where the period of the same
pendulum is 2.410 seconds at a different location.
Why are the items green on this problem??
Pendulum is not a variable,
why is it marked??
A simple pendulum has a period of 2.400
seconds where "g" = 9.810 m/s/s. Find the
length?



Find "g" where the period of the same
pendulum is 2.410 seconds at a different
location.
1
st
find the Length
A simple pendulum has a period of 2.400 seconds
where "g" = 9.810 m/s/s.
T
2
=4
2
(L/g)
2.400
2
=4
2
(L/9.810)
2.400
2
= 39.44

(L/9.810)
2.400
2
(9.810) = L
39.44
L=1.433 m
Write equation
Substitute #s
Square 4
2

39.44

And
X 9.810
Answer with
label
Part 2: Use Length from 1
st
part of problem
Same Pendulum, same length NOW:
Find "g" where the period of the pendulum is 2.410
seconds.
T
2
=4
2
(L/g)
2.410
2
= 4
2
(1.433/g)
2.410
2
=39.44(1.433/g)
g 2.410
2
=39.44

(1.433)
g =39.44(1.433)/2.410
2

g = 9.73 m/s/s
Equation
Substitute #s
4
2
=39.44
X by g

2.410
2
Answer and
label
Examples of
Spring
Problems
Hookes Law
graphing
Examples of
using the graph
to find the Slope
and tHe vaLue of k
for springs
What is the spring
constant for the data
graphed below?
x(m)
(0,0)
(6,147)
(2,49)
y
2
- y
1
x
2
-x
1
Slope =
147N

49N

6 m 2m

k =
98 N

4 m

k =


k = 24.5 N/m
How do I know the Label??
Labels on axes: Rise (N) & Run (m)
So: rise/run is N/m !!
x(m)
Examples of
Spring
Problems
Using
Equations
Examples of
Hookes Law problems
Stretch or compress at rest
In anticipation of her first game, Alesia pulls back
the handle of a pinball machine a distance of
5.0 cm. The force constant is 200 N/m. How
much force must Alesia exert?
Examples of Hookes Law problems
List:
x = 5.0 cm = .05 m
k = 200 N/m
F
sp
=???
In anticipation of her first game, Alesia pulls back the handle of a pinball
machine a distance of 5.0 cm. The force constant is 200 N/m. How much
force must Alesia exert?

F
sp
= k x
F
sp
= 200N/m(0.05 m)
F
sp
= 10N
Equation
Substitute #s
Answer with label
Example of Oscillation spring
Problems
Oscillating or bouncing
Bianca stands on a bathroom scale which
has a spring constant of 220 N/m. The
needle is bouncing from side to side.
Biancas mass is 180 kg. What is the period
of the vibrating needle attached to the
spring?
Example of Oscillation
Spring
Problem
Bianca stands on a bathroom scale
which has a spring constant of 220
N/m. The needle is bouncing from
side to side. Biancas mass is 180
kg. What is the period of the
vibrating needle attached to the
spring?
List: k = 220 N/m
m = 180 kg
T = ??
180 kg
220N/m

0.818 s
2
(0.904 s)
5.7 sec
Spring Problems
Use Both Equations
Example of Combination of
Hookes Law and Oscillation of spring
Find k from Hookes Law and then use the
oscillation equation
Autumn, a young 20 kg girl, is playing on a
trampoline. The trampoline sinks down 9 cm when
she stands in the middle. What is the spring
constant?
If the trampoline then begins to bounce, what would
the frequency of the bounces be?
1
st
Find Force of Gravity on mass



2
nd
Find k from Hookes Law



3
rd
use the oscillation equation to
find T




4
th
convert to Frequency




Autumn, a young 20 kg girl, is playing
on a trampoline. The trampoline sinks
down 9 cm when she stands in the
middle. What is the spring
constant?
If the trampoline then begins to
bounce, what would the frequency
of the bounces be?
List : m = 20 kg
x = 9 cm = 0.09 m
f = ??
The PLAN:
Using Hookes Law and Oscillation of
spring
F
g
= m a
g

F
sp
= k x
Autumn, a young 20 kg girl, is playing
on a trampoline. The trampoline sinks
down 9 cm when she stands in the
middle. What is the spring
constant?
List : m = 20 kg
x = 9 cm = 0.09 m
f = ??
Using
Hookes Law & Oscillation of
spring
1
st
Find Force of Gravity on mass
F
g
= m a
g

F
g
= 20kg(-9.8m/s/s)
F
g
= - 196 N
Recall
From the FBD on the Lab
F
S
= + 196 N
SO. . .
Autumn, a young 20 kg girl, is playing
on a trampoline. The trampoline sinks
down 9 cm when she stands in the
middle. What is the spring
constant?
List : m = 20 kg
x = 9 cm = 0.09 m
F
s
= 196 N
f= ??
Example of Combination of
Hookes Law and Oscillation of spring
2
nd
Find k from Hookes Law
F
sp
= k x
196 N =k(0.09m)
2180 N/m = k
Autumn, a young 20 kg girl, is playing on a
trampoline. The trampoline sinks down 9 cm
when she stands in the middle. What is the
spring constant?
If the trampoline then begins to bounce, what
would the frequency of the bounces be?
List : m = 20 kg
x = 9 cm = 0.09 m
F
s
= 196 N
k = 2180 N/m
T =
f = ??
Example of Combination of
Hookes Law and Oscillation of
spring
3
rd
use the oscillation equation
to find T
20 kg
2180 N/m

.00917 s
2
(0.958 s)
.602 sec
Autumn, a young 20 kg girl, is playing on a
trampoline. The trampoline sinks down 9 cm
when she stands in the middle. What is the
spring constant?
If the trampoline then begins to bounce, what
would the frequency of the bounces be?
List : m = 20 kg
x = 9 cm = 0.09 m
F
s
= 196 N
k = 2180 N/m
T = 0.602 sec
f = ??
Example of Combination of
Hookes Law and Oscillation of
spring
4
th
convert to frequency
.602 s
1.66 Hz
Spring Problems
4 part Spring problem
Use F
g
to find the k value and then use same
string with same k to find 2nd mass.
If two Grumpy Old Men went ice fishing and were
comparing their fish with the extension of the same
spring, solve the following spring problem: Grumpy
Sam caught the first fish and magically realized the fish
had a mass of 23 kg. When this fish was suspended on
the spring, like the one we suspended masses on in lab,
the spring stretched so it was 3 cm longer than it was
without the fish. What is the spring constant for the
spring? Grumpy Joe then caught a fish that caused
the same spring to extend 5 cm from the length of the
empty spring,. What was the mass of Grumpy
Joes fish?
Example of 4 part Spring problem
If two Grumpy Old Men went ice
fishing and were comparing their fish
with the extension of the same spring,
solve the following spring problem:
Grumpy Sam caught the first fish and
magically realized the fish had a mass
of 23 kg. When this fish was
suspended on the spring, like the one
we suspended masses on in lab, the
spring stretched so it was 3 cm longer
than it was without the fish. What is
the spring constant for the spring?
List : m = 23 kg
F
g
= ??
x = 3 cm = 0.03 m
F
sp
= ??
1
st
Use F
g
to find the Force on the spring




2
nd
Use Hooke to find the k value




3
rd
Same spring with same k to find 2
nd
Force




4
th
Convert weight to mass.
The Plan to solve:
Examples of 4 part Spring problem
If two Grumpy Old Men went ice
fishing and were comparing their fish
with the extension of the same spring,
solve the following spring problem:
Grumpy Sam caught the first fish and
magically realized the fish had a mass
of 23 kg. When this fish was suspended
on the spring, like the one we
suspended masses on in lab, the spring
stretched so it was 3 cm longer than it
was without the fish. What is the
spring constant for the spring?
F
g
= m a
g

F
g
= 23kg(-9.8m/s/s)
F
g
= - 225 N
List : m = 23 kg
F
g
=
x = 3 cm = 0.03 m
F
sp
=
- 225 N = - F
s

+ 225 N = + F
s

1
st
Use F
g
to find the Force on the spring
Examples of 4 part Spring problem
If two Grumpy Old Men went ice
fishing and were comparing their fish
with the extension of the same spring,
solve the following spring problem:
Grumpy Sam caught the first fish and
magically realized the fish had a mass
of 23 kg. When this fish was suspended
on the spring, like the one we
suspended masses on in lab, the spring
stretched so it was 3 cm longer than it
was without the fish. What is the
spring constant for the spring?
List : m = 23 kg
F
g
= - 225 N
x = 3 cm = 0.03 m
F
sp
= 225 N
F
sp
= k x
225 N =k(0.03m)
7500 N/m =k
2
nd
use Hooke to find the k value

Examples of 4 part Spring problem
Grumpy Joes Fish
NEW FORCE
NEW MASS
SAME SPRING!!
Grumpy Joe then caught a fish that
caused the same spring to extend 5 cm
from the length of the empty spring,.
What was the mass of Grumpy
Joes fish?
3
rd
same spring with same k to find other Force

List : m = ??? kg
F
g
= ???? N
x = 5 cm = 0.05 m
F
sp
= ?? N
k = 7500 N/m
F
sp
= k x
F
sp

= 7500N/m (0.05m)
F
sp

= 375 N
Examples of 4 part Spring problem
Grumpy Joes Fish
NEW FORCE
NEW MASS
SAME SPRING!!
Grumpy Joe then caught a fish that
caused the same spring to extend 5 cm
from the length of the empty spring,.
What was the mass of Grumpy
Joes fish?
List : m = ??? kg
F
g
= -375 N
x = 5 cm = 0.05 m
F
sp
= 375 N
k = 7500 N/m

4
th
convert weight to mass

F
g
= m a
g

-375 N= m(-9.8m/s/s)
m= 38.3 kg
- 375 N = - F
s

+ 375 N = + F
s


for
Springs
and
Pendulums
Period and Frequency-notes
Hertz is unit that means 1/sec
Abbreviated ------- Hz
Mega Hertz FM radio
Kilo Hertz AM radio
Page 3 Space #4
f
Frequency
Period
Hz
Sec
-1
1/sec
# repetitions
# cycles
# revolutions
Period and Frequency
Hertz is unit that means 1/sec
Abbreviated ------- Hz
Mega Hertz FM radio
Kilo Hertz AM radio
Use when you
know
either T or f
Page 3 Space #5
f
Frequency
Period
Hz
Sec
-1
1/sec
Oscillations for Pendulums only-Notes
Length of the pendulum and gravity determine how fast
the pendulum oscillates back and forth.
Page 3 Space #6
All 3
equations
are the
same, just
re-arranged
Hz
Sec
-1
1/sec
Period
m/s/s
m/s
2
Scalar-positive!!
Page 4 #1
Page 4 #2
page 4 Space #3
Springs only
Period and Frequency
Hertz is unit that means 1/sec ( Hz)
Hookes Law for Springs only

Springs only