INDIAN RAILWAYS- AN

INTRODUCTION
B.V.L.NARAYANA
Senior professor / transportation
management
Scheme of presentation
History of rail roads
Evolution of IR
Organizational structure and management
Staffing pattern
Management of staff
Welfare activities
Negotiating machineries
Grievance redressal mechanisms
History of Rail roads
1550 AD
Roads of rails called wagon ways used in Germany
wooden rails, horse drawn carriages
1776 AD
Rails now of metal. Wheels metalcalled tram ways
horse drawn-spread all over Europe
1789AD
William Jessop- invented the flanged wheel
1803 AD
Steam engine built by Richard trevethick

History of rail roads
RAILROADS feasible due to invention of
steam engine
1789- first flanged wheels designed Jessop
1804 first tramway steam engine built and used R.
Trevithick
1825-Stockton and Darlington railways functional
1814-George Stephenson built first rail engine
1826- john Stevens- first American railroad
1857 first sleeping car built Pullman
1869-george Westinghouse invention of air brakes
1970s high speed technology

HISTORY OF RAILRODS-
INDIA
1832 first proposed in madrasbangalore
1836-survey carried out
1840- lord Hardinge decides to support building of
railwaysirrespective of commercial viability
1845-two companies EIR and GIPR operating
Dec 22 1851roorkee functional railway system to
haul construction material
April 16 1853- Bombay thane first passenger train run
15 august 1854 Howrah to hoogly

History of railroads in India
The British government encouraged the setting up
of railways by private investors under a scheme
that would guarantee an annual return of 5%
during the initial years of operation. Once
completed, the company would be passed under
government ownership, but would be operated by
the company that built them.
1862-Howrah benaras
1870- East and west network linked 6400 kms
and 95 million pounds investment
History of railroads India
By 1880 the network had a route mileage of about 14,500 km
(9,000 miles), mostly radiating inward from the three major port cities
of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started building
its own locomotives, and in 1896 sent engineers and locomotives to
help build the ugandan railways .
In 1900, the GIPR became a government owned company. The
network spread to modern day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra
Pradesh and soon various independent kingdoms began to have their
own rail systems.
1901 railway board constituted
1907 most companies taken over by governmentfirst electric
locomotive
1914-1918impact of world war I
1920 61000 kms networkindependent railway budget
1940-44impact of second world war
History of IR pre independence
IRCA
The Indian Railway Conference Association came into
existence in the year 1902. AT that time railway network in
India consisted of 19 privately owned separate railways
systems covering a total of 8,475 miles. Each company had
formulated its own rules and regulations regarding
charging, booking and carriage of Passengers and Goods.
Due to multiplicity of rules the user was very much
inconvenienced. With a view to overcome the difficulties in
regard to different rules and regulations and to frame rules
regarding movement of wagons of one railway system over
the other, the Indian Railway Conference Association was
formed in the year 1902. Initially the Association was
constituted to frame rules and regulations for booking of
traffic and interchange of trains between railways, to act
as a consultative Committee and as a Board of Arbitration.
Subsequently the Committees for prescribing common
standards for wagon maintenance and Classification were
formed and by 1926 it was decided to have permanent
Committees and Technical sections covering all spheres of
Railway working under IRCA.
History of IR post independence
1946 all company railways taken over by
government. 40% railways in Pakistan
42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways);
55000 KMSMulti gauge
1951- reorganization and merger of all company
railways6 Zones
1952BG standard, indigenous production units;
electrification
1986-steam phased out
Metro built in Calcutta
1998-konkan railway built
EAST INDIAN RAILWAY -1860
Some company railways
BBCI
The Bombay, Baroda, and Central India Railway (BB&CI) was
a company incorporated in 1855 to undertake the task of
constructing a railway line between Bombay and Vadodara in
India. BB&CI completed the work in 1864. The first suburban
railway in India was started by BB&CI started between Virar and
Colaba, a station in Bombay Backbay in the 1867
The Colaba-Borivali section (37.8 km) was eletrified on 5 January,
1928 on the 1.5 kV DC system.
1936 electrification of churchgate-virar
On 5 November 1951 the Bombay, Baroda, and Central India
Railway was merged with the Saurashtra, Rajputana and Jaipur
railways to give rise to the Western Railway.

Madras and Southern Mahratta
Railway

The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway was a
railway company that operated in southern India. It was
founded on January 1, 1908, by merging the Madras and
the southern mahratta railways. Initially, its headquarters
was at Royapuram in Madras but later shifted to a newly
constructed building at Egmore, which was inaugurated on
December 11, 1922. On April 1, 1944, its management
was taken over directly by the Government of India.
[1]
On
14 April, 1951, the Madras and South Mahratta Railway,
the South indian railway and the mysore state railway were
merged together to form the Southern Railway, one of the
16 zones of the Indian Railways

MSM RAILWAY MAP OF NETWORK
Name of Railway Mileage
(i) Gaekwar's Baroda State Railway* 736
(ii) Bikaner State Railway 883
(iii) Cutch State Railway 72
(iv) Dholpur State Railway 56
(v) Jaipur State Railway 253
(vi) Jodhpur Railway 807
(vii) Mysore State Railway 712
(viii) Nizam's State Railway 1396
(ix) Rajasthan Railway 179
(x) Saurashtra Railway 1274
(w) Scindia State Railway 294
a) Madras and Southern Maharastra
Railway 2,939
(b) South Indian Railway 2,349
(c) Mysore State Railway 729
(a Great Indian Peninsula Railway 3,617
(b) Nizam's State Railway 1,461
(c) Dholpur State Railway 56
Scindia State Railway 294
a) Bombay Baroda and Central India
Railway (less Delhi-Rewari-Fazilka and
Kanpur-Achnera Sections). 3,522
(b) Saurashtra Railway 1,363
(c) Jaipur State Railway 291
(d) Rajasthan Railway 197
(e) Cutch State Railway 72
(e) Marwar-Phulad section of Jodhpur
Railway 72
a) Bengal Nagpur Railway 3,388
(b) East India Railway (Except portion
transferred to Northern Railway ) 2,279
Eastern Punjab Railway 1,915
(b) Bikaner State Railway 883
(c) Jodhpur Railway (Expect Marwar-
Phulad Section) 795
(d) Moradabad, Lucknow & Ellahabad
Division of East Indian Railway 2,101
(e) Delhi-Rewari Fazilka Section of
Bombay & Central Indian Railway 313
Oadh-Tirhut Railway 2,741
(b) Assam Railway 1,774
(c) Kanpur-Achnera section of Bombay,
Baroda and Central India Railway 252
History of IR post independence
1946 all company railways taken over by
government. 40% railways in Pakistan
42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways);
55000 KMSMulti gauge
1951- reorganization and merger of all company
railways6 Zones
1952BG standard, indigenous production units;
electrification
1986-steam phased out
Metro built in Calcutta
1998-konkan railway built
Railways
Route Kilometrege opened on
3lst March 1986
(1) Central 6,486.32
(2) Eastern 4,281.25
(3) Northern 10,976.67
(4) North Eastern 5,163.31
(5) North East Frontier 3,763.01
(6) Southern 6,728.66
(7) South Central 7,137.54
(8) South Eastern 7,075.05
(9) Western 10,224.40
Total 61836.21
Network zones
Sl. No Name Abbr. Date Established Headquarters Divisions
1 Central CR 5-Nov-51 Mumbai Mumbai, Bhusawal, Pune, Solapur, Nagpur
2 East Central ECR 1-Oct-02 Hajipur Danapur, Dhanbad, Mughalsarai, Samastipur, Sonpur
3 East Coast ECoR 1-Apr-03 Bhubaneswar Khurda Road, Sambalpur, Visakhapatnam
4 Eastern ER April, 1952 Kolkata Howrah, Sealdah, Asansol, Malda
5 North Central NCR 1-Apr-03 Allahabad Allahabad, Agra, Jhansi
6 North Eastern NER 1952 Gorakhpur Izzatnagar, Lucknow, Varanasi
7 North Western NWR 1-Oct-02 Jaipur Jaipur, Ajmer, Bikaner, Jodhpur
8 Northeast Frontier NFR 1958 Guwahati Alipurduar, Katihar, Lumding, Rangia, Tinsukia
9 Northern NR 14-Apr-52 Delhi Delhi, Ambala, Firozpur, Lucknow, Moradabad
10 South Central SCR 2-Oct-66 Secunderabad Secunderabad, Hyderabad, Guntakal, Guntur, Nanded, Vijayawada
11 South East Central SECR 1-Apr-03 Bilaspur, CGBilaspur, Raipur, Nagpur
12 South Eastern SER 1955 Kolkata Adra, Chakradharpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi
13 South Western SWR 1-Apr-03 Hubli Hubli, Bangalore, Mysore
14 Southern SR 14-Apr-51 Chennai Chennai, Madurai, Palakkad, Salem, Tiruchchirapalli, Thiruvanathapuram
15 West Central WCR 1-Apr-03 Jabalpur Jabalpur, Bhopal, Kota
16 Western WR 5-Nov-51 Mumbai Mumbai Central, Vadodara, Ratlam, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Bhavnagar
IR zonal RAILWAYS ON DATE





Productivity over time


Railway medical services
Railway medical services
Staff welfare
Staff Benefit Fund is an important
channel for providing additional facilities
to railway employees and their families
in the spheres of education, recreation,
medicare, sports, scouting and cultural
activities. Dispensaries under the
indigenous systems of medicine, viz.
Ayurvedic and Homeopathic, are run
with the help of this Fund.

Important statistics
Approximately 42% staff have been
provided with railway quarters.
253 canteens served subsidized meals
and refreshments to employees during
the year at their work-places.
Co-operative societies of various types
are encouraged as a part of welfare
programme for employees.


Important activities
171 registered Railwaymen's Consumer Co-
operative Societies, 19 Railwaymen's
Cooperative Housing Societies and 29
Labour Contract Cooperative Societies were
functional on IR during 2007-08.
IR attaches due importance to recreation for
its employees and provides excellent facilities
through Institutes/Clubs for sports, libraries,
etc. and Holiday Homes to enable the
employees and their families to enjoy
holidays at nominal expenses.

Railway Minister's Welfare and Relief Fund
The Fund provides financial assistance and relief to
railway
employees and their families in times of distress.
Voluntary
contributions from the employees and Railway
Women's Welfare Organizations constitute the primary
source of the Fund. Life Line Express, with all medical
facilities, runs
under the aegis of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, New
Delhi for
organizing medical camps in the hinterland.

Railway Schools
IR runs and manages 365 railway schools
which include nearly 100
Senior/Secondary/High Schools. These
schools provide quality education at
subsidized cost to about one lakh children of
railway employees and about 30,000 non-
railway wards. There are about 5,500
teachers and about 1,100 nonteaching staff
employed in these railway schools. IR also
supports 62 Kendriya Vidyalayas for the
benefit of wards of railway employees.


Empowerment, Welfare, and
Development of Women

IR is the largest employer in the country with 13,94,520
employees of which 82,712 are women employees as on March
31, 2008.
Various privileges are also available to women railway
employees like maternity leave, special leave for promoting
family welfare and most significantly Child Care Leave for a
period of 2 years which has been introduced recently.
Complaint redressal system under gender discrimination
Handicraft centres and Mahila Samities have been instituted to
impart skills necessary for pursuing income generating
vocations. A specific outlay is earmarked under Staff Benefit
Fund towards Women Empowerment Activities. This is for
women family members
Women Welfare Organisations are also being run by wives of
Railway Officers who are also promoting the cause of women
through activities like nursery schools, crches, institutions for
mentally challenged children, promoting talent amongst wards of
the employees and rendering necessary financial assistance in
deserving cases.

Other major activities
Sports
Help to differently abled persons
Concessions
Facilities at stations and in coaches
Reservation in posts-3%
Staff grievance redressal system
Pension adalats
Permanent negotiating machinery
Undertaking under IR
CONCOR
Set up in 1989
3500 crores turn over
22% profit
Center for railway information system
Responsible for creation and implementation of major
IT systems on IR
Dedicated freight corridor corporation of India
Set up 2006 November
Undertakings under IR
IRCON
Set up 1976
Internationally spread
Construction company
2100 crores turnover
IRCTC
Manages catering, tourism and e-ticketing
IRFC
Facilitates market mobilization of finances for railways
Undertakings under IR
KRCL
Started in 1998
Runs 760 km long railway line
PRCL
RAILTEL
RITES
TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND
CONSULLTANCY SERVICES
Undertakings under IR
RVNL
to raise non budgetary resources SPV
Construction activities
Advisory boards
Rail users committees
Research advisory board
Our heritage
3 heritage railways
Rail museum
ANY QUESTIONS
THANK YOU