Anaerobic Respiration: Alcoholic

Fermentation of Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
Repotente, Elmer Casley
Rodriguez, Princess Vanessa
Sevilla, Emmanuel Ruthe
Tan, Keana Dehnielle
Trinidad, Kyle Celine
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Objectives
Describe alcoholic fermentation, naming reactants
and products
To demonstrate the end products CO
2
and ethanol
To observe the difference of aerobic and anaerobic
respiration
To explain the process of aerobic and anaerobic
respiration


Materials

Fermentation tube
A is unclear and
cloudy.
The yeast settled at the
bottom of tube B after 2
days of adding the live
yeast suspension. There are
also bubbles formed at the
arm of the fermentation
tube
The microorganism has undergone aerobic
respiration using the dissolved oxygen to build
up its cell population
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen as the
terminal electron acceptor. Since there is
presence of oxygen, it breaks down glucose
aerobically following the metabolic sequence
of glycolysis, intermediate reactions, Krebs
cycle, and electron transport system. With
the energy released, carbon dioxide and water
become the by-products of the reaction.

Tube C
Remove the cotton plug and smell the content
To prove the presence of CO
2,
prepare and
number two test tubes in a test tube rack
Test Tube 1: Transfer a pipetteful of
fermentation medium from tube C
Add one drop of phenol red
solution
Test Tube 2: Place a similar pipetteful of
similar distilled water.
Add one drop of phenol red
solution
Tube C
The bubbles
formed at the
arm of the tube
is reduced. A
precipitation
has formed and
settled in the
tube.
5 days after adding the live yeast suspension
in the solvent consisting of 50 mL 10%
glucose, 30 mL 2% peptone, and 0.5% yeast
extract, the organism used the excess glucose
anaerobically.

Anaerobic respiration is a respiration without
oxygen and it is often called fermentation.

Without oxygen, only glycolysis takes
place.
Glucose is metabolized to pyruvate (end
product of glycolysis) which will be
converted into two waste products:

TUBE C
There is a sour unpleasant odor that
stank as soon as we remove the
cotton in tube C.

The sour smell of is the odor given off
by yeast fermentation, specifically
by the



Presence of CO
2
from tube C:






Phenol red is a pH indicator; it is
and
Color with Phenol
Red

pH
Tube 1

Yellow Acidic

Tube 2

Red

Basic

The first tube exhibited a yellow color which
only means that it is acidic.
It is because of the CO
2
of aerobic respiration
and water producing carbonic acid.
The pyruvate is first converted to
acetaldehyde, and the NADH (Nicotinamide-
adenine dinucleotide ) reacts with that,
forming ethanol (ethyl alcohol).
The second tube showed a red orange
solution which is interpreted as basic.

To prove the presence of
ethanol, you will do the
iodoform test.
Test Tube 1: 2.5 mL
distilled water
Test Tube 2: 1.25 mL
distilled water and
1.25% ethanol
2.5 mL medium from
fermentation tube C
Tube Sample Iodoform Result
1 2.5 mL distilled
water
-
2 1.25 mL distilled
water and 1.25 %
ethanol
-
3 2.5 mL medium
from
fermentation
tube C
+
Iodoform
test
TEST TUBE 3
- POSITIVE
Yeast Cells under LPO and HPO

The presence or absence of O
2
makes a
difference
The fate of pyruvate depends on oxygen availability:
+ O
2

- O
2

Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
CONCLUSION
In aerobic respiration, the end products are
carbon dioxide and water. In anaerobic
respiration, the end products are ethyl alcohol
or lactic acid, and carbon dioxide.
The presence of Carbon dioxide as a by-
product of respiration is proven by the yellow
color of the phenol-red treated sample.
The presence of ethanol is proven by the
iodoform formed in the sample taken.

When the oxygen became low, the yeast,
switched from cellular respiration to alcoholic
fermentation.

References:
Vasquez, R.D., et al. (2013). Laboratory
Manual for Pharmaceutical Botany. Espaa,
Manila: University of Santo Tomas Press.
Mauseth, J.D. (2013). Botany: An Introduction
to Plant Biology. Quezon City: Mind Mover
Publishing House, Inc.
http://www.anaerobicrespiration.net/general/
aanerobic-respiration-fermentation/
http://hyperphysics.phy-
astr.gsu.edu/hbase/organic/pyruvate.html