Calculate the design current (Ib).

Select the type and nominal rating of protective

device (In).
Determine and apply the correction factors to In.
Select Cable from the table IEE Regulation Iz.
Calculate the Voltage Drop and check for
compliance.
Check the circuit complies with shock protection.
Check the circuit complies with thermal constraints.
The amount of current which flows to the load.
That current is knows as Designing current Ib.
The factors which are used to determine the
designing current are Power factor, Rated Voltage &
Power of the connected load.
KW=KVA*P.F.
Ib=(KVA*1000)/(1.732*V)


The Protective device is used to protect
the load from overload current and fault
current.
So the Cable size with respect to
protective device rating depends upon
Amplitude and duration in time.

Ca: Correction factor for ambient
temperature.
Cg: Correction factor for grouping.
Ci: Correction factor for thermal
insulation.
So based on these factors the size of the
cable is chosen from the table based on
IEE Regulation.

A cable's conductor can be seen as an impedance and
therefore whenever current flows through a cable, there
will be a voltage drop across it, which can be derived by
Ohms Law (i.e. V = IZ).
The impedance of the cable is a function of the cable size
(cross-sectional area) and the length of the cable.
Most cable manufacturers will quote a cables resistance
and reactance in /km.
Shocks occur when electric currents flow through the body
between points at different voltage.
Earth fault occurs when some phase conductor touches
neutral (for earthed system) or ground potential.
The shock voltage is calculated by multiplying the
resistance of the earth conductor over the length of the
cable by the current that will trip the protective device in
five seconds .
The disconnection time is checked by finding the current
that will trip the device in the required time (0.4 or 5
seconds), and determining whether the current flow in an
earth fault will reach this level.

When the large amount of fault current occurs , the
temperature of the cable increases which would then
melt and fire would start. so to reduce the heat the
proper size of the cable should be selected.
The size is found using the factors such as K(The
factors depending on the conductor and insulating
materials), t(The operating time of the disconnecting
device in seconds), I(The value of fault current).
S=Sqrt(It)/K