Long Multiplication

What is long multiplication?

A number multiplied by a 2 digit
(or larger) number e.g. 25 x 13

Is there only one way to do?
Are there any tips that can help
make it easier?

Methods of Long Multiplication
There are 3 main methods:
Traditional method
Lattice method
Splitting (grid) method
2 5
5
1
0 5
2
2 x 5 =
10
5 x 5 = 25
Lattice method part 1
25 x 5 = ?
1. Make the lattice (grid)
as shown
2. Multiply each
number above a
column by the numbers
in every row
3. Write the answers in
the lattice. Making sure
you have only 1 digit in
each triangle
2 5
5
1
0
5 1
5
2
2
Add along
the
diagonal
2 + 0 = 2
Lattice method part 2
25 x 5 = ?
3 6
8
2
4 8
4
3 x 8
=24
6 x 8 = 48
Lattice method part 1
36 x 8 = ?
1. Make the lattice (grid)
as shown
2. Multiply each number
above a column by the
numbers in every row
3. Write the answers in
the lattice. Making sure
you have only 1 digit in
each triangle
3 6
8
2
4
8 2
8
4
8
Add along the
diagonal line
4 + 4 = 8
Lattice method part 2
36 x 8 = ?
3 6
1
3
3 6
1 x 3 = 3
1 x 6 = 6
Lattice method part 1
36 x 13 = ?
1. Make the lattice (grid)
as shown
2. Multiply each number
above a column by the
numbers in every row
3. Write the answers in
the lattice. Making sure
you have only 1 digit in
each triangle
9 8
1
3 x 6 =
18
3 x 3 = 9
3 6
1
3
3 6
Lattice method part 2
36 x 13 = ?
9 8
4 6 8
1
Add along the
diagonal line
6 + 1 + 9 = 16
1
Try the questions at the
bottom of the worksheets
Grid Method part 1
255 x 5 = ?
First split the number into hundreds,
tens and units.
255 splits into 200, 50, 5
Then, multiply each of the numbers by 5.
200 x 5 = 1000
50 x 5 = 250
5 x 5 = 25
This can be
placed in a grid
Grid Method part 2
255 x 5 = ?
x

200

50

5

200 x 5

50 x 5

5 x 5

5





Finally, add the three numbers together to get your answer.
1000

+

250

+

25

=

1275

So 255 x 5 = 1 275
1000 25 250
First, split the numbers up.
255 splits into 200, 50 and 5. These go
along the top of the grid.
25 splits into 20 and 5. These go down
the sides.
Grid Method part 1
255 x 25 = 6375
Put the numbers on the grid
Then, multiply each number in the column by each number in the row. Have a look at the grid
below.


x

200

50

5

20







5






Add up each column, then add the resulting
numbers together.
255 x 25 = 6 375

Grid Method part 2
255 x 25 = 6375
4000
250 1000
100 1000
25
4000 + 1000 + 100 = 5100
1000 + 250 + 25 = 1275
6375
Try the questions again using
the splitting method
Traditional method
21 x 13 = ?
2 1
x 1 3
3 x 1 = 3 write down the 3.
3 6
3 x 2 = 6 write down the 6
10 x 1 = 10 write down the 10
1 x 2 = 2 write down the 2
Add the numbers
1 0 2
2 7 3
Traditional method
45 x 34 = ?
4 5
x 3 4
4 x 5 = 20 write down the 0, carry the 2.
0 8
4 x 4 = 16, add 2 write down the 18
30 x 5 = 150 write down the 50, carry the one
3 x 4 =12, add the 1, write down the 13
Add the numbers
5 0 3
5 3 3
1
1
1
1
2
Try the questions again using
the traditional method