NUKLEOTIDA

Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, drg. M. Kes

A nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase (nitrogenous
base), a five-carbon sugar, and one to three phosphate
groups
NUCLEOTIDE
* make up the structural units of RNA and DNA
* play central roles in metabolism, they serve as
sources of chemical energy: adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP),
* participate in cellular signaling: cyclic guanosine
monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine
monophosphate (cAMP),
* cofactors of enzymatic reactions: coenzyme A (CoA),
flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), flavin
mononucleotide (FMN), and nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)
Mononucletide
ATP, GTP, ADP, AMP, dll
Dinucleotide
FAD, NAD
Polynucleotide
DNA, RNA
nucleobase = nitrogenous base= basa nitrogen
* adenin
* guanin
* timin
* cytosin
* uracil
* nicotinamide
* flavin

BASA NITROGEN: PURIN & PIRIMIDIN
A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a
pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring
BASA NITROGEN: NICOTINAMIDE
Nicotinamide = niacinamide =nicotinic acid amide, is the
amide of nicotinic acid (vitamin B
3
/ niacin). Nicotinamide is a
water-soluble vitamin and is part of the vitamin B group.
Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin
FLAVIN: A ketone, C
10
H
6
N
4
O
2
, act as coenzymes of flavoprotein.
BASA NITROGEN: FLAVIN
five-carbon sugar (ribosa)
Ribose and its related compound, deoxyribose, are the
building blocks of the backbone chains in nucleic acids.
Ribose and deoxyribose are classified as monosaccharides,
aldoses, pentoses, and are reducing sugars
Ribose
Deoxyribose
cAMP & cGMP
Polinukleotid

Sintesis Purin
Sintesis Pirimidin
Degradasi nukleosid asam urat
(katabolisme purin)
Katabolisme Pirimidin
Schematic overview of pyrimidine de novo synthesis, salvage and degradation.
Nucleotides synthesized de novo enter the nucleotide pool and become further converted to
nucleic acids and other metabolic intermediates. Breakdown of nucleotides to uridine and uracil
may lead to complete degradation or the resynthesis of UMP in the salvage pathway. Increased
activity of URH in overexpressor mutants leads to marked stimulation of pyrimidine degradation
but not of salvage pathway activity or de novo synthesis.
PR: ASAM URAT
Uric Acid
uric acid is a normal constituent of the human body.
Ordinarily about one-third of the uric acid in our system
comes from food, especially foods like those noted earlier
that are rich in purines. The rest we produce ourselves
through ordinary metabolism.
These classical signs of inflammation, together with sudden
and extreme pain, strongly suggest an acute attack of gout.
The diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory finding of uric acid
crystals in fluid taken from the affected joint.