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Neisseria
Gram (-) diplococci
Coffeebean-shaped bacteria
Grown in chocolate agar media, Thayer-
Martin media, Muller-Hinton media
Thayer Martin
Vancomycin
Colistin
Nystatin
Species
N. gonorrhea
N. meningitidis- epidemic meningitis
N. flava
N. flavesens
N. sicca
N. mucosa
N. lactamica
Gonorrhea Infection
Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Overallrates falling, but incidence in certain groups
remains high
Most common in young adults and adolescents
CT co-infection of GC cases remains at about 40%
Resistance to medication is an spreading problem
Gonorrhea Infections in Men,
Women and Neonoates
Men are usually symptomatic (urethra), women
are commonly asymptomatic
Men: urethral infection, epididymitis
◦ Usually gives pain with urination and heavy, thick
penile discharge; few may be asymptomatic carriers
Women: cervical infection, PID
◦ ~50% women asymptomatic, others have pain with
urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding
Othersites of infection: throat, rectum, eye
Neonates: eye and skin infections
Gonorrhea Infections
Clinical Manifestations
GC Partner Management
Transmissibility:
Maleto female: 50 - 90%
Female to male: 20 - 80%
(VERY painful)
Gonorrhea in Newborns
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Virulence factors:
capsule
pili
IgAprotease
endotoxin
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strains; serotypes A, B, C cause
most cases
Epidemiology and
24 Pathogenesis
Prevalent cause of meningitis; sporadic or epidemic
Human reservoir – nasopharynx; 3-30% of adult
population; higher in institutional settings
High risk individuals are those living in close quarters,
children 6months-3 years, children and young adults 10-
20 years.
Disease begins when bacteria enter bloodstream, pass
into cranial circulation, and multiply in meninges
Very rapid onset; neurological symptoms; endotoxin
causes hemorrhage and shock; can be fatal
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Clinical Diagnosis
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