ENERGY

CRISIS OF
OUTLINE

 Introduction
 Definition
 Demand and supply gap
 Importance of energy
 Causes
 Pakistan’s Energy Options
 Recommendations
 Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

 Energy is important for development

of a country.
 Pakistan is presently facing a serious
energy crisis.
 The demand exceeds supply and
hence “load-shedding” is a
common phenomenon through
frequent power shutdowns.
DEFINITION
 Energy crisis is any great bottleneck
(or price rise) in the supply of
energy resources to an economy. It
usually refers to the shortage of oil
and additionally to electricity or
other natural resources.
DEMAND AND SUPPLY GAP


 ELECTRICITY  In 2007 Pakistan

 Need: 14000- consumed up
15000MW to 60.388
electricity per MTOE of
day energy in
 Production: 11, which 19.835
500 MW per MTOE was
day imported in
form of oil and
 Shortfall: 3000-
coal.
4000 MW per
 Pakistan’s total
day
energy
 Expected
requirement
demand: would increase
Source: PWC/Hagier Bally Pakistan IPI Pre-Feasibility Report 2007
IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY

 Energy has become an important

requirement for the economic
development of a country.
 It plays a pivotal role in the socio-
economic development of any
country.
Uses:

 industrial and agricultural purposes

 domestic use of the citizens

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES
CAUSES/ISSUES

 Use of conventional energy

resources only
 Lack of planning
 Lack of investment
 Failure of government plans to
provide adequate and affordable
energy
 Increase of oil prices in the world
 Aging of equipment
 Silting Process
 Mismanagement of energy resources
TEN YEARS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Source: Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan

Source: Hydrocarbon development of Pakistan
W e kn o w th a t e n e rg y d e m a n d w ill
in cre a se in fu tu re . H o w ca n w e
sa tisfy th e e n e rg y n e e d s in a n
e n viro n m e n t frie n d ly w a y?
PAKISTAN'S ENERGY
OPTIONS
 Expanding exploration for fossil fuels
through appropriate incentives
 Making exciting systems more
efficient
 Investing in renewable energy
sources and developing /emerging
technologies suitable for the region
 Solar
 Wind
 Bio Fuels
 Nuclear
SOLAR ENERGY
 Solar energy is
generated
without turbine or
electromagnet
 Photovoltaic cells
capture sunlight
and convert it
into electricity
 Electricity is stored
in a battery
 Pakistan is situated
in area known as
“sunbelt”
 AEDB is planning to
develop solar
parks
WIND ENERGY
 Wind can be useful source of
energy
 It uses wind to drive a turbine
which produces electricity
 In Pakistan it is available at
costal areas.
 AEDB proposed a wind
corridor at Gharo & Keti
Bandar towns of Sindh.
 This has of potential of
producing 40,000-50,000
MW.
 The 50 MW Jamphir
project is the country’s
first commercial wind
farm.
HYDROELECTRIC POWER
 Most common way of
producing electricity in
Pakistan
 Conversely estimated
electricity through it is
45,000MW.
 About 36.28% of total
electricity is produced by
hydro power.
 Plan is to build 5 dams till
2016.
 Extending of Mangla &
Tarbela is also in
progress.
RECOMMENDATIONS

 Short term Plans

 Increase in number of IPP’s on affordable
prices
 Overhaul the existing units
 Import of electricity
 Long term Plans
 Transformation of existing systems to
renewable sources
 Developing and installing biogas, solar,
wind and micro and hydro based
projects in villages.
 Providing incentives for up-gradation and
training to the engineers for new
CONCLUSION

 It’s a call time for Pakistan to utilize

their resources which are present in
abundance
 Deficiency is in exploration & utilizing
them.
 Incentives be developed for sustainable
investment in energy sector
 Development policy should be re-
shaped.
 Population is expected to increase up
to 19 crores.
 Pakistan is blessed with many alternate
HOPE IS THE
COMPANION OF POWER ,
AND MOTHER OF
SUCCESS ; FOR WHO SO
HOPES STRONGLY HAS
WITHIN HIM THE GIFT
OF MIRACLES .
-- SAMUEL SMILES .