What is infection Control? Pertains to the numerous measures that are taken to prevent infections from occurring in health care settings. Ways to break various links in the chain of infection
ASEPSIS
Wound contamination is not inevitable and that pathogens can be prevented from reaching vulnerable areas ASEPSIS WITHOUT INFECTION
TWO TYPES OF ASEPSIS: 1. Medical Asepsis 2. Surgical Asepsis
1.Medical Asepsis also Known as Clean Technique Includes all the precautionary measures necessary to prevent direct transfer of pathogens from person to person and indirect transfer of pathogens fomites Includes: 1. frequent and thorough handwashing 2. personal grooming 3. proper cleaning of supplies and equipment 4. disinfection 5. proper disposal of needles ,contaminated materials, and infectious waste 6. sterilization GOAL: to Exclude Pathogens Surgical Asepsis Also known as Sterile Technique Includes practices used to render and keep objects and areas sterile This is practiced in operating Rooms, labor and Delivery areas, certain areas of hospital laboratory and at patients bedside Surgical Aseptic Technique Includes: 1. scrubbing hands and fingernails before entering OR 2. using sterile gloves, masks, gowns and shoe covers 3. using sterile solutions and dressings 4. using sterile drapes and creating a sterile field 5. using heat-sterilized surgical instruments
Standard Precautions (as defined by CDC in 1996)
Transmission Based Precautions Designed for patients known or suspected to be infected with highly transmissible or epidemiologically important pathogens for which additional precautions beyond standard precautions are required to interrupt transmission within hospitals. 3 types of Transmission Based Precautions: 1. airborne precautions 2. droplet precautions 3. contact precautions
Note: these are used in addition to the standard precautions already being used Airborne precautions Source Isolation When patients with tuberculosis or other contagious diseases are placed into isolation to protect other people from becoming infected isolation room are usually under negative pressure to prevent room air from entering the hallway when the door is opened, and air that is evacuated from such rooms passes through HEPA filters to remove pathogens
Protective Isolation Certain patients are especially vulnerable to infections, i.e severe burns, leukemia , patients who received transplant, immunosuppressed persons, those receiving radiation treatments, and leukopenic patients, premature infants
Also known as reverse isolation or neutropenic isolation Patients are placed in a TOTAL PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT (TPE) TPE includes a private room in which vented air entering the room is passed through HEPA filters Room is positive pressure to prevent hallway air from entering when the door is opened All items coming in contact with the patient must be disinfected or sterilized Persons entering room must wear sterile gowns , masks, gloves, caps and shoe covers
Summary: The Real Anthony Fauci: Bill Gates, Big Pharma, and the Global War on Democracy and Public Health by Robert F. Kennedy Jr: Key Takeaways, Summary & Analysis Included