Steam turbine

Presentation on
MANOHARBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, GONDIA
Presented By
Nikita Meshram
Guided By
Prof. M. Choudhari
Summary
Introduction
What exactly is the turbine?
Modern Steam Turbine
How Does A Steam Turbine Work
Steam Turbine And Blades
Types of steam turbine
Problems in steam turbine
Introduction
A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal
energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into rotary motion. Its
modern manifestation was invented by Sir Charles Parsons in 1884.
A device for converting energy of high-pressure steam (produced
in a boiler) into mechanical power which can then be used to
generate electricity.



What exactly is the turbine?
Turbine is an engine
that converts energy of
fluid into mechanical
energy

The steam turbine is
steam driven rotary
engine.

Modern Steam Turbine
Steam is no remnant of the Industrial
Revolution. Even nuclear power plants employ
steam technology.
How Does A Steam Turbine Work

A steam turbine, as we see from its name, uses steam to
rotate its blades.
The steam turbine has come a long way from its initial
design there is the single flow steam turbine, the multiple flow steam
turbines, the reaction steam turbine, the impulse-reaction steam
turbine, and the impulse turbine. It has been the object of research
and interest of many engineers and scientists like De Laval, Parson,
and Curtis.

Heat energy from a coal thermal power plant or a nuclear
power plant is used to boil waiter, and convert it into steam at high
pressure. This high pressure steam is directed to the turbine blade
thus causing the blade to rotate!
Steam Turbine And Blades
Today, rather than striking the blades
directly,
The steam for higher efficiency. Nozzle
design itself is a complex process,
The blades are made at specific angles
The blades may be of stationary or
fixed and rotary or moving or types.
Principle of steam turbine:
The steam energy is converted mechanical work
by expansion through the turbine.
Expansion takes place through a series of fixed
blades(nozzles) and moving blades.
In each row fixed blade and moving blade are
called stage.

Uses for a Steam Turbine
Steam turbines create electricity from various
energy sources
These energy sources include fossil fuel, nuclear
energy, geothermal energy and even solar power.
Steam turbines have also been used to power
locomotives and ships.

Types of steam turbine:
There are two main types

1. Impulse steam turbine
The velocity of steam is twice as fast
as the velocity of blade.
Pressure drops take place in the
fixed blade (nozzle).

11. Reaction steam turbine

A reaction turbine utilizes a jet of
steam that flows from a nozzle on
the rotor.
The result is a small increase in
velocity over that of the moving
blades.

Problems in steam turbine:
Stress corrosion carking
Corrosion fatigue
Pitting
Oil lubrication
imbalance of the rotor can lead to
vibration
misalignment
Thermal fatigue


Thank you