SOME SIMPLE MANIPULATIONS OF SOUND

USING DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Richard M. Stern

18-791 demo
August 31, 2004

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
and School of Computer Science
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213


Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 2 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
The original sound and its spectrogram
Time
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 3 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Downsampling the waveform
Downsampling the waveform by factor of 2:
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
n
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
n

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 4 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Consequences of downsampling
Time
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Original:
Downsample
Downsampled:

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 5 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Upsampling the waveform
Upsampling by a factor of 2:

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
n
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
n

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 6 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Consequences of upsampling
Time
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Original:
Upsampled:

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 7 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Linear filtering the waveform







x[n]
y[n]
Filter 1:
y[n] = 3.6y[n1]+5.0y[n2]3.2y[n3]+.82y[n4]
+.013x[n].032x[n1]+.044x[n2].033x[n3]+.013x[n4]

Filter 2:
y[n] = 2.7y[n1]3.3y[n2]+2.0y[n3.57y[n4]
+.35x[n]1.3x[n1]+2.0x[n2]1.3x[n3]+.35x[n4]

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 8 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Filter 1 in the time domain
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
n
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
-2
0
2
4
6
8
x 10
-3
n

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 9 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Output of Filter 1 in the frequency domain
Time
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Original:
Lowpass:

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 10 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Filter 2 in the time domain
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
n
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
n

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 11 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Output of Filter 2 in the frequency domain
Time
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Original:
Highpass:

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 12 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
The source-filter model of speech
A useful model for representing the generation of speech sounds:
Pitch
Pulse train source
Noise source
Vocal tract model
Amplitude
p[n]

Carnegie
Mellon
Slide 13 18-791 Digital Signal Processing I
Separating the vocal-tract excitation from the
filter

Original speech:

Speech with 75-Hz excitation:

Speech with 150-Hz excitation:

Speech with noise excitation: