AVEZ QURESHI

AWAIS ANSARI
KHAN SHADAB
ABDUL MUTALLIB
MEHRAJ SHAIKH
HARDICK KHANDHAR
SAYYED WASIM
ANSARI SIDDIQUE
ASIF SHAIKH
ISLAM
ORIGIN OF ISLAM
THE ARAB SOCIETY WAS SUNK
IN DARKNESS BEFORE BIRTH
OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD
(PBUH).
MESSAGE OF ALLAH
THROUGH ANGEL GABRIEL.
MIGRATION IN YR. 622 A.D.
FROM MECCA TO MADINAH.
TREATY OF HUDAIBIYAH IN 628
A.D.
BATTLE OF MECCA.
DEATH OF PROPHET
MUHAMMAD (PBUH).
RELEVATIONS FROM GOD IN
HOLY QURAN.
ISLAMIC CULTURE
INFLUENCING ON QURAN AND
SUNNAHS OF PROPHET
MUHAMMAD (PBUH).
RELIGIOUS PRACTICE AND BELIEF
ISLAMIC CULTURE IS ITSELF A CONTENTIOUS TERM.
IT INCLUDES PRACTICES FROM ALL OVER RELIGION IN THE
WORLD.
ITS RELIGIOUS PRACTICES IS OF THAT MENTIONED IN
QURAN.
MUSLIM PEOPLE ALSO BELIEVE IN THE TEACHINGS OF
QURAN WHICH IS RELEVATIONS FROM GOD.
THE WAY OF LIFE OF MUSLIM SHOULD BE LIKE THE WAY
PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH) LIVED I.E. KNOWN TO BE AS
SUNNAHS.
SUNNAHS CAME FROM VARIOUS HADITHS WRITTEN AT THE
TIME OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH).
LANGUAGE & LITERATURE
ARABIC WAS THE MUSLIM LANGUAGE OF
COMMUNITIES IN MECCA & MADINAH.
HOWEVER, DUE TO SPREAD OF ISLAM ITS
LANGUAGE IS INFLUENCED BY THE REGION IN
WHICH ISLAM IS FOLLOWED.
ITS LITERATURE WORK IS FOCUSED IN
ARABIC, LIKE HADITHS AND SIRAH.
LATER ON PERSIAN LANGUAGE WAS ALSO
ADDED IN LITERATURE WORK AFTER SPREAD
OF ISLAM IN MIDDLE EAST.
FESTIVALS
EID-UL-FITR
EID-UL-ADHA
ASHURA
LAILAT-UL-QADR
LAILAT-UL-MEHRAJ
SHAB-E-BARAT
BARA RAB-E-IL-AWWAL
MARRIAGE
CONSIDERED TO BE UTMOST IMPORTANT IN
ISLAM.
MARRIAGE IS HALF OF RELIGION.
IN SHARIA LEGAL BOND & SOCIAL CONTACT
BETWEEN A MAN & A WOMAN.
MAXIMUM 4 MARRIAGES TO A MAN IS LEGAL
IN ISLAM.
DIVORCE
IN ISLAM, LAW REGARDING DIVORCE IS
JUSTIFIED TO BOTH HUSBAND AND
WIFE.
FOR DIVORCE A MAN HAS TO SAY THE
WORD DIVORCE THRICE IN FRONT OF
ATLEAST TWO WITNESSES FOR
MAKING LEGAL THE PROCEDURE OF
DIVORCE.
DIVORCE
IT ALSO HAS IN LAW REGARDING
ALIMONY TO WIFE FROM HIS
HUSBAND.
HOWEVER, A MAN CAN GIVE DIVORCE
AND MARRY THE SAME WOMAN AS
MANY TIMES AS POSSIBLE.
ARTS
THROUGHOUT HISTORY, ARTS HAD BEEN MAINLY
ABSTRACT AND DECORATIVE, POTRAYING
GEOMETRIC FIGURES,FLORAL, ARABESQUE, AND
CALLIGRAPHIC DESIGN.
ISLAMIC CULTURE DOES NOT ALLOW
DEPICTIONS OF LIVING THINGS INCLUDING
HUMAN FIGURE LIKE THAT IN CHRISTIAN ARTS.
IT LACKS PORTRAITURE DUE TO FACT THAT IT
TEMPTS TO ENGAGE IN IDOLATARY.

ARTS
THIS PROHIBITION AGAINST HUMAN BEINGS OR
ICONS IS CALLED ANACONISM.
ISLAMIC ART IS USUALLY CENTERED AT ALLAH,
THE ALMIGHTY GOD, WHO CANNOT BE PORTRAIT
BY IMAGERY OR GEOMETRIC PATTERNS.

CALLIGRAPHY
FORBIDDEN TO PORTRAYAL OF HUMAN
FIGURES OR LIVING THINGS, ISLAM
ARTISTS DEVELOPED ARABIC
CALLIGRAPHY INTO AN ART FORM.
CALLIGRAPHERS HAVE LONG DRAWN
FROM QURAN AND PROVERBS AS AN ART.
ARTIST USED ARABIC LANGUAGE TO
EXPRESS THE BEAUTY THEY PERCEIVE IN
THE VERSES OF QURAN.
ARCHI TECTURE
Islamic architecture may be identified with the
following design elements, which were inherited
from the first mosque built by Muhammad in
Madinah, as well as from other pre-Islamic features
adapted from churches and synagogues.
Large courtyards often merged with a central prayer
hall (originally a feature of the Masjid-al-nabavi).
Minarets or towers (which were originally used as
torch-lit watchtowers for example in the Great
Mosque of Damascus; hence the derivation of the
word from the Arabic nur, meaning "light").
ARCHI TECTURE
A mihrab or niche on an inside wall indicating the
direction to Mecca. This may have been derived
from previous uses of niches for the setting of the
torah scrolls in Jewish synagogues or the haikal of
Coptic churches.
Domes (the earliest Islamic use of which
was in the eighth century mosque of
Medina).
Use of iwans to intermediate between different
sections.
ARCHI TECTURE
Use of geometric shapes and repetitive art
(arabesque).
Use of decorative Arabic calligraphy.
Use of symmetry.
Ablution fountains.
Use of bright color.
Focus on the interior space of a building rather than
the exterior.
INTERPRETATION
Common interpretations of Islamic architecture
include the following:
The concept of Allah's infinite power is evoked by
designs with repeating themes which suggest infinity.
Human and animal forms are rarely depicted in
decorative art as Allah's work is matchless. Foliage is
a frequent motif but typically stylized or simplified
for the same reason.
Calligraphy is used to enhance the interior of a
building by providing quotations from the Qur'an.


INTERPRETATION
Islamic architecture has been called the
"architecture of the veil" because the beauty lies in
the inner spaces (courtyards and rooms) which are
not visible from the outside (street view).
Use of impressive forms such as large domes,
towering minarets, and large courtyards are
intended to convey power.

Music in Islamic culture is almost

banned or listening or playing both in
Shari 'a is regarded as haraam.
Only playing of duff, a one side animal
sheeted instrument is not banned.
Lyrics can be the matter of concern in
the songs as it possesses the quality
GOD in which is impossible.

But most of the regional culture performs

music in the name of Islam.
Like Sufi music in India & Pakistan. But
Quran denies all type of music except duff.
MUSLIM TRADITION
Islam propagates the five laws that are fundamental
duties to unite Muslims in spirit. These are:
Shahadah or the worship of one God only.
Salah or prayer, at least five times a day.
Zakat or donation of alms.
Sawm, or fasting during Ramadan.
Hajj, the pilgrimage to the Holy City of Mecca.
The Shari 'a (literally: "the path
leading to the watering place") is
Islamic law formed by traditional
Islamic research, which most Muslim
groups adhere to. In Islam, Shari 'a is
the expression of the divine will, and
"constitutes a system of duties that are
incumbent upon a Muslim by virtue of
his religious belief".

Islamic law covers all aspects of life, from matters
of state, like governance and foreign relations, to
issues of daily living. The Qur'an defines hudud as
the punishments for five specific crimes: criminal
intercourse, false indictment of illegitimate
intercourse, consumption of alcohol, theft, and
highway robbery. The Qur'an and Sunnah also
contain laws of inheritance, marriage, and
restitution for injuries and murder, as well as rules
for fasting, charity, and prayer. However, these
prescriptions and prohibitions may be broad, so
their application in practice varies. Islamic scholars
(known as ulema) have elaborated systems of law on
the basis of these rules and their interpretations.
Fiqh, or "jurisprudence", is defined as the
knowledge of the practical rules of the religion.
The method Islamic jurists use to derive rulings
is known as usul al- fiqh ("legal theory", or
"principles of jurisprudence"). According to
Islamic legal theory, law has four fundamental
roots, the Qur'an, the Sunnah (actions and
sayings of Muhammad), the agreement of the
Muslim jurists (ijma), and analogical reasoning
(qiyas).
For early Islamic jurists, theory was less
important than practical application of the
law. In the 9th century, the jurist ash-
Shafii provided a theoretical basis for
Islamic law by codifying the principles of
jurisprudence (including the four
fundamental roots) in his book ar-Rislah.
The basic unit of Islamic society is the
family, and Islam defines the obligations
and legal rights of family members.
The father is seen as financially responsible
for his family, and is obliged to cater for
their well-being.
The woman's share of inheritance is
generally half of that of a man with the
same rights of succession.
Marriage in Islam is a civil contract which consists
of an offer and acceptance between two qualified
parties in the presence of two witnesses.
The groom is required to pay a bridal gift (mahr)
to the bride, as stipulated in the contract.
A man may have up to four wives if he believes he
can treat them equally, while a woman may have
only one husband.
A man may have up to four wives if he believes he
can treat them equally, while a woman may have
only one husband.
In most Muslim countries, the process of divorce
in Islam is known as talaq, which the husband
initiates by pronouncing the word "divorce".
Scholars disagree whether Islamic holy texts
justify traditional Islamic practices such as veiling
and seclusion (purdah).
Starting in the 20th century, Muslim social
reformers argued against these and other
practices such as polygamy, with varying
success.
Certain Islamist groups like the Taliban
have sought to continue traditional law as
applied to women.

The formal beginning of the Muslim era was

chosen to be the Hijra in 622 CE, which was
an important turning point in Muhammad's
fortunes.
The assignment of this year as the year 1 AH
(Anno Hegirae) in the Islamic calendar was
reportedly made by Caliph Omar.
It is a lunar calendar, with nineteen ordinary
years of 354 days and eleven leap years of 355
days in a thirty-year cycle.
CALENDAR
Islamic dates cannot be converted to CE/AD
dates simply by adding 622 years: allowance
must also be made for the fact that each Hijri
century corresponds to only 97 years in the
Christian calendar.
The year 1428 AH coincides almost
completely with 2007 CE.
Islamic holy days fall on fixed dates of the
lunar calendar, which means that they occur
in different seasons in different years in the
Gregorian calendar.
CALENDAR
The most important Islamic festivals
are Eid al- Fitr (Arabic: ) on the
1
st
of Shawwal, marking the end of the
fasting month Ramadan, and Eid al-
Adha (Arabic: ) on the 10
th
of
Dhu al- Hijjah, coinciding with the
pilgrimage to Mecca