Gender Sensitivity Seminar Guide

Gender
Sensitivity
Seminar
August 21, 2014
Conference Room, ICPO
Camp Tomas Cabili, Tipanoy, Iligan City
Levelling off
4 main premises that the
participants should keep
in mind whenever issues
of gender equality are
addressed:

NOT A WAR OF THE SEXES
NOT ANTI MALE
BOTH WOMEN AND MEN
ARE VICTIMS, ALTHOUGH
WOMEN MORE THAN MEN
BOTH HAVE A STAKE IN
THE STRUGGLE FOR
GENDER EQUALITY

THE WOMAN
QUESTION
CURRENT ISSUES OF
WOMEN
INEQUALITY AND SUBORDINATION
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
RAPE DOWRY/ DOWRY DEATHS
INCEST HONOR DEATHS
BATTERING SUTTEE
INFANTICIDE (FOETICIDE)
WOMEN CIRCUMCISION, foot binding
FEMINIZATION OF MIGRATION/LABOR
TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN
PROSTITUTION
MAIL ORDER BRIDES

(RE:The Plight of Modern-Day Slaves (Another story of
sexual assault on Filipina OFW) -August 7, 2007
The news showed of a Filipina being raped
by her Arab master and being videoed
while being abused. The news also
showed a clipping from a cell phone video
of another domestic helper in Saudi
Arabia.
All she could do at the time was to weep- a
very disheartening weep. ..the girl was
being raped not only by her abusive
employer but also by her employers son
and their friends who visit them at home.

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

Any act of gender-based violence that
results in, or is likely to result in physical,
sexual or psychological harm or
suffering
to women, including threats of such acts,
coercion, or arbitrary deprivation of
liberty, whether occurring in public or
private life
Art. 1 UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against
Women

INEQUALITY &
SUBORDINATION/DISCRIMINATION
ECONOMIC
- Womens economic dependence on
men
- Limited access to cash and credit
- - Limited access to education and
training for women
POLITICAL
Under-representation of women in power, politics,
the media and in the legal and medical
profession
Domestic violence not taken seriously
Notions of family being private and beyond
control of the state
Risk of challenge to status quo/religious laws
Limited organization of women as a political
force
Limited participation of women in organized
political system

CORRUPTION
PROJECTS
$$$
NEDA
Other
agencies DBM
Pork
barrel
Military
Police
LGU
POLICY VS.
ACTIVITY
(Survival)
WB, etc
Local Oligarchs
TA oil?
Corruptio
n:
Projects/Pork
Barrels
Procurement
Tax Evasion/
Smuggling
Policy
Corruption?
Business Stability
Middle class
POOR Jobs, Poverty Hunger
Education
Health
S
T
A
G
N
A
T ion

Lopez

Civil Society,
Senate
Media
Church
Anti Birth Control
Pork barrel
CULTURAL
Gender specific socialization
Cultural definitions of appropriate sex roles
Expectations of roles within relationships
Belief in the inherent superiority of males
Values that give men proprietary rights over
women and girls
Notion of the family as the private sphere
and under male control
Acceptability of violence as a means to
resolve conflict

CULTURE
a set of peoples values, beliefs,
behavior, language and artifacts
which distinguish them from other
people.

Culture tells us
What we ought to be
What we ought to think
Who we ought to be
What we ought to expect of others

Situation of Women in the Philippine
Context (2007)
one woman is raped every Nine hours

while a child is raped every 3 hours;

a woman is battered every three hours
while a child is maltreated every hour
and a half;
and a woman or child is sexually
harassed every 18 hours

Kabuuang Bilang ng Karahasan Laban sa
Kababaihan (2008)
Kaso Kabuuan
Rape (incest, gang rape,
statutory rape)

950
(RA 9262) Domestic
Violence
3081
Sexual Harrassment/Acts
of Lasciviousness
738
Sex Trafficking/
Pornograpiya/
Prostitusyon

33
Source: Center for Women`
Resources
Kabuuang Bilang ng Biktima ng
Karahasan sa mga Bata
PNP DSWD G Kabuuan
Rape(incest rape &
Attempted Rape
3,222 1,964
17
5,203
(RA 9262) Domestic
Violence (Physical
Injuries, neglect &
abandonment
44 548 592
Sexual
Harrashment(Acts of
Lasciviousness &
pedophile
841 148 989
Child Trafficking
(pornography, cyber
pono.,prustitution &
Illegal recruitment )
68 293 361
Summary
There is 1 woman raped every 8
hours while
A child is raped every 1 and a half
hours.

There is also 1 woman victim of
sexual harassment & 1 woman victim
of domestic violence for every 2
hours and 6 minutes.

Slides prepared by: Emma Sanopo
True or Not?
Let us have some
exercises.
Slides prepared by Emma Sanopo
What are the
characteristics (attributes,
qualities, traits, elements)
and trabaho or hanap-
buhay of :
Men Women
MEN have
Semen
WOMEN should be
The one to take care of children
One to do household chores
(maglalaba, magluluto, maglilinis ng
bahay)
Mahinhin

WOMEN have and/or are.
Talkative
MEN should be the
Construction worker
Breadwinner
Hard-worker

MEN have and/or are
High tempered
Discipline initiator
WOMEN have and/or are.
Uterus (nabubuntis)
The child-bearer
Breasts (can breastfeed)
Gender
Sex
SEX and Gender
Given at birth
Male or Female
Congenital and
biological
Permanent
Constant even in
different
countries
Constant even in
different times

Culturally and
socially dictated
Masculine or
Feminine
Variable
Differ in societies
Differ at times

GENDER
What you were
born with

What happens
afterwards
due to social and cultural
conditioning

Sex..

.refers to the biological and
physical characteristics of a
person
.man has a penis and the woman
has a vagina and a uterus ..
Determinants of Sex

Male Female
Genitalia penis vagina, clitoris

Reproductive Organs
testes ovary, uterus

Chromosomes
XY XX

Hormones testosterone estrogen

androgen progesterone

Gender..

.variable social and cultural
characterization (definition)
of what men and women are ..
WOMEN should be
The one to take
care of children
One to do
household
chores
(maglalaba,
magluluto,
maglilinis ng
bahay)
Mahinhin

MEN should be the
Construction
worker
Breadwinner
Hard-worker
MEN have and/or
are
High tempered
Discipline
initiator
Institutionalized sexism

Sexism is common and customary
prejudiced attitudes and behavior toward
either sex, based on cultural and social
stereotypes or myths
Gender-linked
characterization developed
into
Institutionalized Sexism
Social and cultural guidelines
for behavior based on ones sex.

Restrictive sex-role ideology
advocated by and adhered to by
social institutions.
The problem is..
gender-linked characterization or
definition dictates or influences
what the woman or man should do and
what the woman or man
can be.
it therefore dictates or influences
mens and womens development and that
of societys
Characterized
as taga alaga
ng bata, taga linis,
taga luto, etc
Sense of
helplessness
Lacks confidence to go
into business, lacks
ability and capacity
to effect change
On the part of the woman.

Characterized
as matapang, makisig
short-tempered, etc
Expected to be macho,
to act like men
Develops
concepts/
versions of
masculinity
Considers
actions as
normal and
acceptable
On the part of men.
Men and women have different statuses
Assumes that men are superior to women and
should be dominant
Women are subordinate and should be
dependent on men

Men and women should do different work
Womens work is in child-bearing/rearing and
nurturing.
Men should be the one to earn a living and
support the family
On the part of society, gender-linked
characterization leads to the idea that .
these gender-linked perceptions of
candevelopevolvemature into
gender-biases and issues
Individuals
Institutions
Families
What are gender
issues and biases?
Gender Issues
What are gender issues?
These are gender-linked beliefs
(ideas, attitudes and behavior),
systems, processes, conditions and
situations that BLOCK an
individual's (man or woman)
attainment of full potentials (or a
satisfying life)

What are the gender
issues?
1. Gender-linked labeling
(Stereotyping)
2. Multiple Burden
3. Canalization
4. Marginalization and
Subordination
5. Abuse and gender-based
Violence
What are gender-linked labels
(stereotypes)?
Automatic labels,
characteristics or
roles given to men
and women
Fixed, unquestioned
gender-linked
beliefs that are
dictated by culture
and society

GENDER ROLE
STEREOTYPING

Constant portrayal of women
and men as performing roles
traditionally associated to them.
Stereotyping prevents both from
shifting to non-traditional roles.
TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLE
RESTRICTIONS LIMIT THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND
POTENTIALS OF HUMAN BEINGS
Men are denied the
access to

nurturing
emotion

other oriented
WORLD OF DOMESTIC
LIFE
Women are denied
access to:

work

achievement

independence

power
POEMS ON GENDER STEREOTYPING

Man for the field and woman for the
hearth;
Man of the sword and for the needle
she;
Man with the head and woman with the
heart;
Man to command and woman to obey
Else all confusion
--Alfred Lord Tennyson

Else all confusion
Nature intended women to be our slaves
They are our property, we are not theirs.
They belong to us, just as a tree that bears fruit
belongs to the gardener.
What a mad idea to demand equality for women!
.Women are nothing but machines for producing
children.
--Napoleon Bonaparte

What is multiple burden?
Assumption and
performance of
several tasks or
responsibilities

What is canalization?
Putting men or
women in a box,
thereby preventing
them from
achieving their full
potentials
Removing men or
women from the
mainstream of
society
What is marginalization/
subordination?
Treating a person (usually
women) as second-class
citizen
Preventing or blocking a
person from going up the
ladder on the basis of his/her
sex
What is abuse and gender-based
violence?
Inflicting pain/injury in a
person
It could be hidden
(domestic violence/ spousal
abuse) and/or open and
accepted as unavoidable
Physical (battering)
Emotional/Psychological
(threatening)
Verbal (insulting)
Financial (economic
exploitation)
Sexual (rape, incest, etc.)
Forced prostitution

What can we do?
We should address the gender issues.
particularly those that affect women in micro
enterprises
GENDER SENSITIVITY AND
AWARENESS
Is the ability to recognize gender
issues and especially the ability
to recognize womens different
perceptions and interest arising
from different social location and
different gender roles.

Gender Sensitivity is often used to
mean the same as gender awareness,
although

Gender awareness can also mean the
extra ability to recognize gender
issues which remain hidden from
those with a more conventional point
of view.
We define Gender sensitivity
as the beginning of gender
awareness, where the latter
is more analytical, more
critical and more
questioning of gender
disparities.
GENDER AWARENESS

The ability to identify problems
arising from gender inequality and
discrimination, even if these are
not evident on the surface, or are
hidden, i.e. are not part of the
general or commonly accepted
explanation of what and where the
problem lies
Gender and
Development
(GAD)
Gender..

.variable social and cultural
characterization (definition)
of what men and women are ..
that can develop evolve
mature into gender-biases and
issues
Development..
.full
and satisfying
life for ALL

Development
is full and satisfying life for
ALL.

. a life where
one is able
to do
and
to be
Development
is full and satisfying life for
ALL.

. a life where
one is able
to do
and
to be
... because
there are
gender
biases and
issues that
block
women.
.. is a development
approach that removes
gender issues & biases
GAD
CDP

Gender issues & biases
Beliefs (ideas, attitudes
and behavior)
Systems/ processes
Conditions
and
situations

Gender issues & biases
Beliefs (ideas, attitudes
and behavior)
Systems/ processes
Conditions
and
situations
GAD is a development approach
that
. men and women
to do and to be
Able to do .
productive work
and have control of and
benefit from the income

P
Able to be .
knowledgeable, skilled,
confident with abilities
and comfortable with
achievements,
independence and power.
Development
Gender and
Development
(GAD)
POEMS ON GENDER AWARENESS
by Nancy Smith
For every woman who is tired of acting
weak
When she knows she is strong,
There is a man who is tired of appearing
Strong when he feels vulnerable

For every woman who is tired of
acting dumb,
There is a man who is burdened with
the constant expectation of knowing
everything.

For every woman who is tired of being
called an emotional female,
There is a man who has been denied
the right to weep and be gentle.

For every woman who feel tied down
by her children,
There is a man who has been denied the
full pleasure of shared parenthood.
For every woman who is denied
meaningful employment and equal
pay,
There is a man who must bear full
financial responsibility for another
human being.
For every woman who takes a step
toward her own liberation,
There is a man who finds that the way to
freedom has been made a little easier.
end

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