Presented By:-

Tanya Mahendra
Ruchi Bhalla
Shailja Mehra
Sugandh
Sugandha
Jagriti Jaiswal
Udit Aggarwal
James Allen has aptly stated , You are today
where your thoughts have brought you. You
will be tomorrow where your thoughts take
you. The thoughts we have today lay the
seed for our life in the future.
It is in the quality not the quantity of our
thinking in our information saturated world
that all future potential lies.
THINKING
We all think !!
Sports and performance coach Jim Fannin says we
have anywhere between 2,000 to 3,500 thoughts a day.
What distinguishes excellent performers in any field from
sports to business to any aspect of life is the quality of
ones thinking.
There is something about how the mental work of
thinking is so different to physical work. In physical work
more effort leads to greater results. But in mental work,
greater relaxation leads to deeper insight and quality of
ideas.
According to Dr. Edward de Bono we tend to
think in restricted and predictable ways.
To become better thinkers we need to learn new
habits. His 6 thinking hats help learners try
different approaches to thinking. Each thinking
hat represents a different way to think about a
problem or issue.
De Bono claims the technique is widely used in
management but little research has been
published on its use in education.



Thinking Hats

Color of Hat Approach Detail
White hat Information What do we know?
Red hat Feelings What do we feel?
Purple hat Problems What are the
drawbacks?
Yellow hat Positives What are the benefits?
Green hat Creativity What ideas have we
got?
Blue hat Control What are our aims?
De Bono believed that the key to a successful use of
the Six Thinking Hats methodology was the
deliberate focusing of the discussion on a particular
approach as needed during the meeting or
collaboration session.
This is a useful technique to look at a problem or
topic from a variety of perspectives. It encourages
us, to think creatively about any topic and to ask: Is
there another way of thinking about this?
Using a variety of approaches within thinking and
problem solving allows the issue to be addressed
from a variety of angles, thus servicing the needs of
all individuals concerned

We are taught all sorts of skills in life, but one I dont think
(pardon the pun!) we are taught is how to think. One of
the downsides of our media saturated society is that a lot
of thinking is done for us.
The danger is to think that because a lot of people say or
believe something then it must be right.
Or the other problem is that we are so overloaded with
information we feel we have no time to think.
Good thinking does not come in a hurry, but when we are
relaxed and in an unstressed frame of mind. Some of the
best insights come when someone is relaxed.
Positive thinking can be very powerful. When you have
positive thoughts, it is like planting seeds that will
continue to grow if you give them continuous care.
Positive Thinking
SOME POWER THOUGHTS TO GET STARTED:

I have so much to be thankful for
I am glad to be alive
I love my family and my home
I choose to feel good about myself
I am always open to new challenges
Today is a wonderful day
I have peace in my mind and heart
I look and feel great
I am a unique person with great abilities
I am loveable and loving
I try to find the best in everyone
I always do the best I can
CRITICAL THINKING
Critical thinking has been described as the intellectually
disciplined process of actively and skillfully
conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or
evaluating information gathered from, or generated by,
observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or
communication, as a guide to belief and action.

More recently, critical thinking has been described as the
process of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment, which
uses reasoned consideration to evidence, context,
conceptualizations, methods, and criteria.
According to Reynolds (2011), an individual or
group engaged in a strong way of critical thinking
gives due consideration to establish for instance:

Evidence through observation
Context skills to isolate the problem from context
Relevant criteria for making the judgment well
Applicable methods or techniques for forming the
judgment
Applicable theoretical constructs for understanding
the problem and the question at hand

HABITS THAT HINDER THINKING

1. The Mine-Is-Better Habit
This habit causes one to have a very individualistic
attitude, to be self-centered, they are often closed-up in
making sweeping assumptions and it destroys
objectivity which prompts us to prefer self-flattering
errors to unpleasant realities.
Example :
"My car is better than your car."
"My dog looks better than your dog."
"I submitted the best project for this course."
Key Words :
I, my and mine.
How to prevent this habit from surfacing :
Don't let your ego get in the way of the truth.

2. Face-Saving
It is a defense mechanism, a strategy that we use to
protect our image. A natural Tendency arising from our
ego.

Example :
" I would have never missed my ride if you weren't talking
to me."
"I would have never broken the glass if you didn't ask me
to fix you something to drink."

How to prevent this habit from surfacing :
Don't "point the finger." Take fault for each mistake that
you make.

3. Resistance to Change
Tendency to reject new ideas and new ways of seeing or doing
things without examining them fairly. Always thinking that the
way is better and that there shouldn't be any reason for
change. Many people who are very traditional, insecure and
afraid to leave their comfort zone (simple laziness) fall victim
to this bad habit.
Example :
I have been doing it this way for 30 years, why should I
change now?
How to prevent this habit from surfacing:
We must not embrace every new idea uncritically but be
open to any useful idea, and be willing to suspend judgement.
Test the idea out to see how it fits into your world. I you don't
like it then you can throw that form of change to the side.
If we resistant to change, we are resistant to discovery,
invention, creativity, progress.
4. Conformity
Following the crowd because you don't want to be labeled as
different. Harmful conformity is what we do instead of thinking,
in order to belong to a group or to avoid the risk of being
different. But it would be a mistake to fight conformity by
refusing to do as others, to be different for the sake of being
different. Not all conformity is bad.
Example:
Everyone else is making a right turn on red even though the
sign prohibits; I am going to make a right turn as well.
How to prevent this habit from surfacing:
Not all forms of conformity are bad. So you would have to
take time out to think about how it will effect you.

5. Stereotyping
It is a fixed viewpoint that you may have based upon
someone's race, gender, religion etc.
Example:
All Asians are good in math.
Most engineers are men.
How to prevent this habit from surfacing:
It is best to put those stereotypical thoughts behind you
when meeting new people. "Never judge a book by its
cover."

6. Self-Deception is lying to yourself.
Many people deceive themselves about their competence.
They have acquired the habit of pretending they are
knowledgeable, and in time come to believe the pretense
themselves.
Example:
"They slammed on breaks at the yellow light. It wasn't my fault
I hit them in the back; they should have went through the
light."
Students who get low grades because of missing class, failing
to hand in assignments, or refusing to prepare for
examinations, accuse their lecturers of favoritism and
prejudice.
How to prevent this habit from surfacing:
Always recognize the truth in every situation, even if it isn't in
your favor. If you deceive yourself about your knowledge, you
will not be able to decide accurately what information you
need to solve a problem. And if you are in a habit of judging
dishonestly, you can never to hope to judge well.

THE PROBLEM-SOLVING CYCLE IN
THINKING
Problem identification
Problem definition
Resource allocation
Problem representation
Strategy construction
Monitoring
Evaluation
YPES OF THINKING

Creative thinking
Convergent thinking
Divergent thinking
Inductive thinking
FIVE STYLES OF
THINKING
THE SYNTHESIST
Synthesists like to speculate. They are the
champion of the "What if?"
questions. They recognize the fact that
these types of questions fuel creativity and
cause the thinker to look in different
directions for answers.
"Brainstorming" sessions are an attempt
to formalize this type of strategy .
You may find them difficult because they
tend to enjoy conflict and argument simply
for the sake of argument.


THE IDEALIST
"Idealists look and respond attentively
and receptively," giving the impression
that they are truly inteopinionrested in
what you are saying and value your.
From the standpoint of conflict they are
the exact opposite of the Synthesist.
They are always trying to be
accommodating.
One of their prime strategies is to
"focus on the whole"; in other words, to
take the holistic approach.
THE PRAGMATIST
"Pragmatists often show a good deal of humor,
a quickness to agree with others' ideas."
Unlike Idealists, they don't shy away from
conflict but neither do they relish it like the
Synthesist.
They realize it is useful and necessary and
they make use of it. They like to experiment
and brainstorm and can be very creative.
The Pragmatists motto appears to be
"Whatever works.
THE ANALYST
"Analysts tend to appear cool, studious,
perhaps distant and hard to read.
They look at things logically and are
data and fact centered. They believe in
reason and rules and "one correct way"
of doing things.
Analysts thrive on data. They are
"Number Crunchers.
One of the prime methods used by the
Analyst is that of "Conservative
Focusing.
THE REALIST
"Realists tend to have a direct, forceful, frank
appearance. The main strategy employed by
a Realist is that of Empirical Discovery.
They like things concrete and rely very much
on their senses to tell them about the world.
The Realist will ask the hard questions and
believe that in order to accomplish anything
he must first set objectives and come up with
an agenda for accomplishing his goals.
Realists like to have a clear picture of where
they're heading.
THANK YOU