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Essence Qi Blood and

body fluids



Lecturer: QU Hongyan
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Objects
Basic concepts
Generation, functions and movement of qi
Production, distribution and functions of
blood
Relationships among qi, blood, essence
and body fluids
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Essence
In a broad sense, it refers to the basic material to
form and sustain life activities of the human body.
In a narrow sense, it refers to the kidney essence
which is the basic material to promote the growth,
development and reproductive function of the human body.
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Reproductive
essence
General term for
innate essence and
acquired essence
Visceral essence
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Generation of essence
Essence
From parents
The embryo
Innate
essence
From food
The spleen and stomach
Acquired
essence
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Functions of essence
Reproduction
Growth and development
Generating marrow and blood
Nourishing the body
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Metabolism of essence
Innate
essence
Acquired
essence
Essence
Visceral
essence
reproduction
Supporting
life
Moistening
and nourishing
viscera
Transform qi,
blood and
spirit generation
storing
discharging
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Concept of qi
Qi is the vigorous and refined material and the
most basic material to form and sustain life
activities of the human body.
concrete material
Functional activities

Qi
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Geneation of qi
innate qi

Qi food essence

clear qi

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Movement of qi
Ascending (e.g. spleen qi)
Descending (e.g. stomach qi)
Exiting
Entering

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Imbalance of
qi movement
Reversed
flow of qi
Qi sinking
Qi prostration
Qi blockage
Qi
stagnation
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Functions of qi
Promoting
Warming
Defending
Consolidating
Qi transformation
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Classification and distribution of qi
Qi of the
whole body
Innate qi
Inherited from
parents generated by
Kidney essence
Original
qi
Acquired qi
Clear qi
Food essence
Nutritive qi
Defensive qi
Pectoral qi
Visceral
qi
Meridian
qi
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Original qi
Also known as primitive qi, it is the
primary force of life activities.
[Generation]
Inherited from parents, stored in kidneys
and nourished by acquired essence.
[Functions]
Promote growth and development of the human
body, warming and stimulating viscera, meridians
and constituents
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Pectoral qi
It is the qi accumulated inside the chest.
[Generation]
It is transformed from the food essence
generated by the spleen and stomach and clear qi
inhaled by the lung.
[Functions]
It governs the heart and lung and governs
respiration and circulating blood and qi.
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Blood
Blood is the red fluid circulating inside vessels with
functions of nourishing and moistening, and also the
basic material to form and sustain life activities.
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Generation of blood
Blood is consist of nutritive qi and body
fluid.
The two sources of blood are food essence and
kidney essence.
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Food
Food
essence
Qi of spleen
and stomach
Nutritive
qi
Body
fluid
Kidney
essence
Liver
Heart and
vessels
Blood
Clear
qi
Lung qi
Kidney
qi
marrow
Heart
qi
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Circulation of blood
Blood circulate spread the whole body ceaselessly
like an endless ring.

There are two factors to ensure the circulation of
blood.
Integrated and
smooth
vasculature
Viscera especially
heart, liver, spleen,
lung function
normally
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Functions of blood
1Nourishing the whole body
blood deficiency sallow complexion,
dizziness, lusterless skin and hair, numb limbs,
emaciation, etc.
2Nourishing the mental activities
blood deficiency palpitation, insomnia,
dream-disturbed sleep, fidget and even coma.
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Body fluids
Body fluids are the general terms for all the
normal water inside the human body.
Jin (the clear
part)
Ye( the
turbid part)
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Relationship and differences between Jin and Ye
Both generated from food by the spleen and stomach, iner-transformation


Jin

Ye
Diluted, highly fluid
In the skin, muscles and orifices

mositening
Dense, lower fluid
Perfusing into viscera, joints
and marrow
Nourishing and lubricating
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Metabolism of body fluids
It refers to the complicated physiological
process including generation, distribution of
body fluids and discharge of left fluid and waste,
which involves coordination of various visceral
functions( especially spleen, lung and kidney.)
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Generation
Food
Spleen and
Stomachs
digesting
Small
intestine
Accepting and
digesting food
to separate the
clear from the
turbid
Transporting
and transforming,
absorb water
Large
intestine
B
o
d
y


f
l
u
i
d
s

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Distribution
After generation, body fluids distribute inside
the human body through cooperation among
the spleen, lung, kidneys, liver and triple
energizer.
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Spleen qi send up the body
fluids to the lung
Lung governs dispersing
and descending
Transformation function of
Kidney qi
Triple energizer is the
passage and liver
regulates qi
movement
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Relationships among essence, qi,
blood and body fluids
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Relationship between essence and qi
Essence generating qi
Innate essence and acquired essence combine and distribute
to viscera to nourish qi of viscera and promote generation of qi.
Sufficient qi of
Spleen and stomach
Qi promoting essence generation
Essence generation depends on transforming function of viscera.
Normal and active
digestion and
absorption
Food can transform
into essence
Qi consolidating essence
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Relationship between essence and blood
Essence can generate blood and blood generating
essence, so it is said that homogeny of blood and essence.
Blood Essence
generates
generates
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Relationship between qi and blood
Qi pertains to yang, active, with functions of warming and
promoting
Blood pertains to yin, still, with functions of nourishing and
moistening
Both originated from the food essence generated by
spleen and stomach and essence stored in kidneys
differences
same points
the relationship usually generalized as qi being the
general of blood and blood being the mother of qi
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Affection of qi on blood
Qi transformation is the promotive force for blood generation
Food and
water
Food essence Nutritive qi
and body fluids
Blood
Movement and change of qi
Qi generating blood
Qi circulating blood
Qi consolidating blood
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Affection of blood on qi
Blood generating qi
Blood transporting qi
It means that blood can supplement qi of the human body,
blood circulates in the whole body to supplement nutrition to
visceral qi to maintain it in a vigorous state.
It means that qi is inside blood and circulates inside human body
depending on blood. Blood is the vehicle of qi.
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It means that qi transformation can promote generation of body
fluids.
Promoting of qi and
qi transformation
Food essence Body fluids
Spleen and
stomach
Relationship between qi and body fluids
Qi generating body fluids
Qi circulating body fluids
Qi consolidating body fluids
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Relationship between blood and body fluids
Body fluids and blood share the same source.
Blood
Body
fluids
Permeates
out vessels
Permeate into
tertiary vessels
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