Datacom

An Introduction
What is Datacom?
Datacom is a Database Manager developed by
Computer Associates for MVS
Data is stored in the form of databases, which can
have one or more keys
Access is through embedded datacom calls in
high level languages, or through dataquery
Datacom
This is NOT a Relational Database Manager or
even a sophisticated database manager
This is a filing system, for better organization of
data
It has the basic features of a filing system - keys,
indexes etc.
It has locking features, to prevent lost updates
It does not have features such as referential
integrity
Databases
Databases are known by a user name
E.g. FED-PROFILE

Internally, in the system, they are referred to by a
3 character id
E.g. F11

It is important to remember the 3-character ID -
that is how datacom knows this database
Database structure
Each database consists of records (Rows)
Each Record has Fields (Columns)

One or more fields can combine in several ways to
form several keys
There is no concept of a primary key or alternate
keys - all keys are on par
Datacom with COBOL
The structure (definition) of the databases used
must be declared in the program
This is done by a COPYDD statement, which
embeds a COBOL declaration of the database
structure
The embedded item may be a view, defined with a
particular structure, and a key, for a specific
purpose
COPYDD
The COPYDD statement looks like
01 A01A0 COPYDD COMPANY.A01A0(PROD),2,N.
The first item is the required level of the structure
The next item is the group name
If this is left blank, the default name is taken
Then next is the dataview to be used

A pattern can be given here, to prefix all elements
01 *R2- COPYDD FED-PROFILE.A13A0(PROD),2,N.
In this case, all elements will have a R2- prefix
Passing values
The next step is to fill up the desired values to the
call interface

The interface consists of
User ID
Request area
The embedded structure
The element list
Calling interface
The user id is either the ID of the User, or that of
the program ID
These Ids need to be authorized by the database
Admin, for accessing this database
The request area contains
The command name (Commands are in a later slide)
The name of the file - 3 characters
The name of the KEY used
The value(s) of the LOW key (mandatory), and High key
(if applicable)
The DB Call
The database access call is in the form of the
following command

CALL DBNTRY USING USER-ID
F11-REQ-AREA
F11F0
F11-ELEMENT-LIST
An example
Declaration
01 USER-ID.
05 PROGRAM-NAME PIC X(08) VALUE 'ICS3000 '.
05 FILLER PIC X(24) VALUE SPACES.

01 A20-REQ-AREA.
05 A20-REQ-COMMAND PIC X(05) VALUE SPACES.
05 A20-REQ-FILENAME PIC X(03) VALUE 'A20'.
05 A20-REQ-KEYNAME PIC X(05) VALUE SPACES.
05 A20-REQ-RETURNCD PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
05 A20-REQ-DBID PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
05 A20-REQ-REC-ID PIC X(07).
05 A20-REQ-KEY-VALUE PIC X(180).
Declaration
01 A20-WORK-AREA.
05 A20-WORK-AREA-0 PIC X(274).
05 A20-WORK-AREA-6 PIC X(300).

01 A20-ELEMENT-LIST.
05 A20-ELM-1 PIC X(05) VALUE 'A20A0'.
05 FILLER PIC X(01).
05 A20-ELM-2 PIC X(05) VALUE 'A20A6'.
05 FILLER PIC X(01).
05 FILLER PIC X(05) VALUE SPACES.
Declaration
01 A20A0-A20A6.
03 A20A0 COPYDD BRANCH.A20A0(PROD),2,N.
03 A20A6 COPYDD BRANCH.A20A6(PROD),2,N.

01 *BILL- COPYDD BRANCH.A20A0(PROD),2,N.
Assigning values
MOVE WS-NEXT-KBRANCHCD TO A20-REQ-KEY-VALUE.
MOVE 'BRNCH TO A20-REQ-KEYNAME.
MOVE 'REDKY TO A20-REQ-COMMAND.
MOVE A20-REQ-AREA TO LKBO099-DB-REQ-AREA.

Here, the command name is REDKY - read key exact
The keyname used is BRNCH, and the value of the key comes from
the WORKING-STORAGE variable
The DB Call
CALL 'DBNTRY USING USER-ID
A20-REQ-AREA
A20-WORK-AREA
A20-ELEMENT-LIST.

Thus the data required for the DB call is filled up,
and the database access is completed.
Datacom Commands
Command Description
ABEND Abnormal Termination Command
ADDIT Add Record
CLOSE Close User Requirements Table
CNTKR Count For Key Value Range
CNTKY Count For Equal Key Value
CNTTB Count For Table
COMIT Commit Transaction
Datacom Commands
Command Description
DELET Delete Record
GETIT Retrieve Next Sequential Record
GETPS Get Next Physical Sequential Record
GSETL Set To Starting Key
GSETP Set Physical Sequential Record
INQIN Inquire CA
Datacom Commands
Command Description
LOCBR Locate Backwards
LOCKG Locate Key Equal Or Higher
LOCKI Test For Logical Intersections Of Two
Keys
LOCKL Locate Key Equal Or Lower
LOCKR Locate a Record in a Specified Range
LOCKX Locate Key Exact
LOCKY Locate Key Equal Or Higher
Datacom Commands
Command Description
LOCNE Locate Next Equal Key Value
LOCNK Locate Next Key
LOCNR Locate Next Record in Specified Range
LOCNX Locate Next
LOGCP Checkpoint the Task
LOGCR Log Checkpoint With Release
LOGDR Log Directed Read
LOGDW Log Directed Write
Datacom Commands
Command Description
LOGIT Add Data To Log Area
LOGLB Read Back a LOGIT Record
LOGTB Back Out Transactions
NOOPS No Operation
OPEN Open User Requirements Table
Datacom Commands
Command Description
REDBR/RDUBR Read Backwards
REDID/RDUID Read Record By Id
REDKG/RDUKG Read Record Greater Than /
EqualTo Key
REDKL/RDUKL Read Record Less Than /
Equal To Key
REDKR/RDUKR Read Record in a Specified
Range
Datacom Commands
Command Description
REDKX/RDUKX Read Key Exact
REDKY/RDUKY Read Key Exact
REDLE/RDULE Read Located Entry
REDNE/RDUNE Read Next Equal Key Value
REDNK/RDUNK Read Record With the Next
Sequential Key Value
REDNR/RDUNR Read the Next Record in a
Specified Range
Datacom Commands
Command Description
REDNX/RDUNX Read Next
RELES Release Record
RELFL Release Table
ROLBK Rollback Transaction
SELCN Continue Set Record Selection
SELFR Select Set And Return First
Record
SELNR Select Next Record
Datacom Commands
Command Description
SELPR Release Set
SELSM Select Same Record
SELST Stop Set Record Selection
TEST Test Option Command
UPDAT Update Record
Dataquery
What is Dataquery?
Dataquery is a query tool to access the contents
of the databases directly
It uses a language called dataquery language
(DQL)
Structured Query Language (SQL) is also
supported.
Dataquery
Dataquery runs as an application under CICS
It has a menu-driven interface
It allows creating / modifying queries, viewing
public queries etc.
It also allows query execution in batch, by setting
up a JCL header and an environment
Components
The components of a query are
The VERB (FIND, ERASE etc.)
The Database / dataview name
The condition(s) (WHERE clause)
The columns to be included in the output, with column
titles if required
The title for the overall query
Query creation /
execution
You can create a new query / edit an existing
query
The query editor will show up
You can enter the qurery data and press PF4 to
save it
It you are editing an existing query, press PF9 to
save it
PF3 is for execution, PF2 is EXIT
An Example
FIND AGY-DISB-MTHD-2 WHERE N-A-CODE-SFX
= '3102'
PRINT YEAR N-A-CODE-SFX 'N&A' PROFILE-DISB
'PD'
TITLE Agency Disbursement Methods

This query has a database name, condition, fields to
be printed, and headings for those fields.

There is also an overall title for the query results