Organisations and

Organisational Behaviour
Social Organisation Family or community made of
members of the same caste where membership is by
birth.

Work Organisation are created to accomplish work
goals and they are different criteria for membership.
Meaning of Organisations
Bernad (1938) - A system of consciously coordinated
activitiesof two or more persons.

Definitions of Organisations
Weber (1947) A social membership which limits or closes
admission of outsiders by rulesso for as its order is
enforced by the action of specific individuals.
Bakke (1959) A continuing system of differentiated and
coordinated human activities utilizing, transforming and
welding together a specific set of human, material, capital,
ideational and natural resources into a unique problem
solving whole engaged in satisfying particular human needs
in interactionwith other system of human activities and
resources in the environment.
Features of Organisations
An organisation is a powerful tool created by human beings
whether this tool is applied for accomplishment or problem
solving or whatever purpose, it is satisfying some human need.
Organisations become versatile entities with far greater potential
than any individual with their purposeful existence, strength of
the members, command over multiple resources.
Organisations live longer. As organisations strive to achieve their
objectives, they may live far beyond the tenure and even life of
their individual members, unless the organisation is severely
mismanaged or is forced to close down.
Even in the last phase of decline, the managerial effectiveness can
launch the organisation in to the next cycle of renewal and
launch into the next cycle of organisational life.


Features of Organisations
What Managers Do
They get things done through other people.

Management Activities:
Make decisions
Allocate resources
Direct activities of others to attain goals

Work in an organization
A consciously coordinated social unit composed of
two or more people that functions on a relatively
continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of
goals.
Management
Functions
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
Management
Roles
Interpersonal
Figurehead
Leader
Liaison
Informational
Monitor
Disseminator
Spokesperson
Decisional
Entrepreneur
Disturbance Handler
Resource allocator
Negotiator
Management
Skills
Technical Skills
Human Skills
Conceptual
Skills
Enter Organisational Behavior
A field of study that investigates the impact
that individuals, groups, and structure have
on behavior within organizations, for the
purpose of applying such knowledge
toward improving an organizations
effectiveness.
Peter Drucker (1974) - Effectiveness is doing the right things.
Efficiency is concerned with doing things right.

We can say that
Effectiveness is equivalent to success in achieving the goals
that matter. Since organisations are likely to have several
goals and often competing ones, we can also say that
effectiveness reflects how many goals can be achieved and
how well.
Meaning of Organisational Behaviour
Complementing Intuition with Systematic
Study
Intuition
Gut feelings about why I do what I do and what makes
others tick.



Systematic study
Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and
effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence.
Provides a means to predict behaviors.
Definition of Organisational Behaviour
Organisational behaviour is an applied field of inquiry
encompasses the study of all aspect of behaviour in and by
formal organisations. It treats as units of analysis
everything from individuals acting, feeling and thinking in
an organisations to groups, larger subunits such as
departments or divisions, the organisations as a whole and
even populations of organisations and their relationship to
larger social structures such as the state and the society.
Disciplines Contributing to the Knowledge
of OB
Sociology
Psychology
Economics
Political Science
Anthropology
Concerned with the study of groups, and how membership
of formal and informal groups affects the behaviour of
people.
Sociology
Psychology
How the mental functions of a person including
physiological and neurological processes affect human
behaviour.
Economics
Views all human behaviour as a relationship between
limited means and their alternative uses - after all, the
work organisations are systems created for business,
even if not-for-profit.
Political Science
How power for decision-making and action is allocated
and transferred across diverse groups.
Anthropology
It traces evolution of human behaviour over long term and
its branches like cultural anthropology studies differences in
human behaviour across cultural groups.

Luthans Study of Managerial Activities
Is there a difference in frequency of managerial activity
between effective and successful managers?
Four types of managerial activity:
Traditional Management
Decision-making, planning, and controlling.
Communication
Exchanging routine information and processing paperwork
Human Resource Management
Motivating, disciplining, managing conflict, staffing and
training.
Networking
Socializing, politicking, and interacting with others.