Nanotechnology

in
biomedical applications
By:-
Abhiroop Kumar
A2324611035
Introduction
Nanotechnology deals with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometers.

The application of nanotechnology to the life sciences is called
nanobiotechnology.

The technology encompasses precision engineering as well as electronics, and
electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in
areas as diverse as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery
techniques.

Introduction
LEADING SEGMENTS IN NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY:-

a) Drug delivery
b) Biosensors
c) Imaging agents
Brain gate Technology
The brain gate system is a pseudo controlling mechanism through a computer
chip.
Brain Gate Technology was developed by a Bio-tech company named Cyber
kinetics in 2008 in conjunction with the department of Neuroscience at Brown
University.


Nicholas Halso

It is a mind-to-movement system that allows a quadriplegic man to control a computer
using his Thoughts.
The system is to help those who have lost control of their limbs, or other bodily
functions, such as patients with spinal cord injury to operate various gadgets such as
TV, computer ,lights, fan etc.
It monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into
computer commands
This can be used to control a robot arm or a cursor on a screen.
BCIs are usually connects the brain (or nervous system) with a computer system.
Based on the communicative Pathway BCI is classified as follows
One Way BCI
Two Way BCI


Chip uses 100 hair-thin electrodes that hear neurons firing in
specific areas of the brain.
Neuro chip
ANIMAL RESEARCH
HUMAN RESEARCH
Invasive
Partially Invasive
Non Invasive
INVASIVE
Implanted directly into the brain during neurosurgery.
PARTIAL INVASIVE
Implanted inside the skull but rest outside
the brain

NON INVASIVE
Electroencephalography(EEG)
Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
Hat Allows Computer Control By thought..
Working Algorithm
Signal by
neurochip
Preprocessing
Detection
Control
Bio Feedback
Brain Gate uses a
sensor that is
implanted onto the
motor cortex of the
brain.
Working:-
APPLICATIONS
Typing words by mind.
Motorized wheelchair
Accessing the internet.
Turn on or off the lights.
Control robotic arm.
Watch and control television.
Use the pc.
Locking or unlocking doors.

A boon to the paralyzed. Mathew-Nagel was the first person to use the brain-
computer interface to restore functionality lost due to paralysis.
DISADVANTAGES
Expensive
Risky Surgery
Not Wireless yet
Difficulty in adaptation and learning.
Limitation in information transform rate. The latest technology is 20 bits/min.
Future Scope
Current new advances include a
second-generation interface
software M*Power controller
that will enable users to perform
a wide variety of daily activities
without assistances of technician.
Smaller ,wireless device .
The user will have an improved
control of respiratory system, limb with
muscle stimulation or robotics.
THANK YOU !