Hyderabad February 24-26th 2009

Instructor: Subhas Katikala.

Object Oriented ABAP
Workshop Goals
This workshop will enable you to:
Learn object oriented concepts.
Learn the principle of object - oriented
programming.
Learn the application of object
- oriented ABAP.
Course Contents
Object Oriented Concepts
Object Oriented Programming.
Advantages of the Object-Oriented Approach

Methods
Syntax and Visibility
Instance Methods and Static Methods
Constructor

Reference Variables
Creating References
Assigning References

Classes
Components of a Class



Attributes
Syntax and Visibility
Instance Attributes and Static Attributes


Course Contents
Inheritance
Super classes and Subclasses
Visibility
Inheritance and the (Instance) Constructor
Parameters
Redefining Methods in OOABAP
Compatibility
Principles of the Narrowing Cast
Static and Dynamic Components
Final Classes and Methods


Course Contents
Polymorphism
Advantages Compared to Procedural Programming
Abstract Classes and Methods
Component Namespaces in Classes


Interfaces
Defining and Implementing an Interface
Working with Interface Components
Interface References
Narrowing Cast
Widening Cast
Using Several Interfaces
Polymorphism and Interfaces
Polymorphism and Inheritance
Compound Interfaces

Course Contents
Events
Define and Trigger Events
Handle Events
Register and deregister Events
Receive a reference from Sender


Object Oriented Concepts
What are Objects ?

Object Oriented Programming

Encapsulation

Inheritance

Polymorphism

Instantiation

Interfacing

Events

OOPS
Advantages

Simplicity

Explicitness

Maintainability

Future Orientation
Classes are the central element of object-orientation.

A Class is an abstract description of an object.

Classes are templates for objects.

The attributes of objects are defined by the components of
the class, which describe the state and behavior of objects.


Classes
You define global classes and interfaces in the Class
Builder (Transaction SE24) in the ABAP Workbench.

They are stored centrally in class pools in the class library
in the R/3 Repository.

All of the ABAP programs in an R/3 System can access the
global classes.

Classes
Components in a class
Defining Local Classes
A complete class definition consists of a declaration part and, if required, an
implementation part.

The declaration part of a class <class> is a statement block:
CLASS c1 DEFINITION.
.
ENDCLASS.

If you declare methods in the declaration part of a class, you must also write an
implementation part for it.
CLASS c1 IMPLEMENTATION.
.
ENDCLASS.


Classes
Attributes
Defining Local Classes
Classes
Attributes, Types, Constants - Syntax
Attributes and Visibility
Instance attributes and Static attributes
Methods
Methods : Syntax
Methods and Visibility
Instance methods and Static methods
Instance methods and Static methods : Example
Constructor
Constructor : Example
Static Constructor : Implementation
Static Constructor : Call Examples
Creating Objects
Reference Variables
Creating Objects : Syntax
Assigning References
Inheritance allows you to derive a new class from an existing class.
You do this using the INHERITING FROM addition in the
CLASS <subclass> DEFINITION INHERITING FROM <superclass>
statement.
The new class <subclass> inherits all of the components of the existing
class <superclass>.
The new class is called the subclass of the class from which it is
derived.
The original class is called the superclass of the new class.

Inheritance
Inheritance
Inheritance : Syntax
Relationships between super classes and subclasses
Relationships between super classes and
subclasses
Inheritance and Visibility
Inheritance and (Instance) constructor
Parameters and CREATE OBJECT
Redefining Methods in ABAP Objects
Redefining Methods : Example
Compatibility and Narrowing Cast
Principles of the Narrowing Cast
Static and Dynamic Types: Example
Static and Dynamic Types for References
Widening the Cast
Static and Dynamic Types for References
Widening the cast
Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Interfaces exclusively describe the external point
of contact of a class, but they do not contain their
own implementation part.

Interface
Defining and Implementing Interface
Working with Interface components
Interface References Narrowing casting
The assignment of an object reference to an interface
reference is known as a narrowing cast since, as with
inheritance, only a part of the object interface is visible once
you have assigned the reference.

With an interface reference, you can no longer address all
components in the class carrying out the implementation, but
only the components defined in the interface.


Interface
Interface references widening cast
The widening cast is, as with inheritance, the opposite of the
narrowing cast: here it is used to retrieve an object reference
from an interface reference. Obviously it cannot be statically
checked, since an interface can be implemented by more than
one class.

An object reference cannot be assigned to an interface
reference if it has itself not implemented the corresponding
interface.

Interface
In the above example, one class is implementing several
interfaces. Even if these interfaces contain components with the
same name, they are differentiated in the class carrying out the
implementation by the prefix <interfacename>~.
Using several Interface
Polymorphism and Interface

Objects or Classes use events to trigger Event Handler methods in
other objects or classes.
When an event is triggered any number of Event Handler Methods can
be called.
The events of a class can be raised in the same class using the RAISE
EVENT Statement.
Events have only output parameters which are accepted by the Event
Handler Methods as input parameters.
The link between the trigger and the handler is established dynamically
at runtime using the statement SET HANDLER.

Events
Events Overview
Triggering and handling Events :
Overview
Defining and Triggering Events
Handling and Registering Events
Handling Events
Registering for an Event : Syntax
Deregistration
Registration/Deregistration : Handler
Table
Event handling : Characteristics
Events and Visibility