MOHANNAD AZIZ KADHOM

ROLL NO. 1005-13-745215

M.E. (AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS)
SEMESTER II
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYDRAULIC
CYLINDER IN HYDRAULIC PRESS
Abstract

Hydraulic cylinder device that makes use of a pressurized hydraulic
fluid that supplied from hydraulic pump. This mechanism is used for
producing linear motion and force in applications that transfer power.
In other words, a hydraulic cylinder converts the energy stored in the
hydraulic fluid into a force used to move the cylinder in a linear
direction, this paper is to present results of calculations piston type
hydraulic cylinders
BASIC HYDRAULIC PRESS COMPONENTS

Reservoirs.
Filters
Pumps.
Valves.
Actuators.
Connectors.
Hydraulic fluids.

A reservoir in a hydraulic system has the
following roles:
Stores hydraulic oil
Helps keep oil clean and free of air
Acts as a heat exchanger to help cool the
oil
Reservoirs
The filters prevent abrasiveness of tiny particles
wearing the close tolerance surfaces of internal
components causes degradation failure
Filters
A hydraulic pump is a mechanical device that
converts mechanical power into hydraulic energy. It
generates flow with enough power to overcome
pressure induced by the load.
We can use any of the following types of hydraulic
pumps in the design of the press because of the
technical specifications

Pumps
Gerotor Motors

Uses an internal gear that rides inside a gear.
The rotor has 1 tooth less than the external gear.
The rotor is offset to the center of the motor and
travels in an orbital fashion.
Vane Pump
Uses a rotor with several sliding vanes inside to
pressurize the fluid
Rides on a cam ring
Rotation can be reversed by flipping the cam ring over
Inlet and outlet in the rear housing
Is usually square housing
Shaft is in the center of the housing
External gear pump

relative large pressure & small weight
wide speed range
wide temperature and viscosity range
high noise level
Valves are used to manage flow and pressure in hydraulic
circuits. There are three basic types of valves used in
hydraulic circuits.
Pressure control.
Directional control.
Volume (flow) control
Valves
Hydraulic actuators convert the fluid power from
the pump into mechanical work.
A hydraulic cylinder is a linear actuator.
Actuators
The hydraulic fluid has to be conveyed to various
components, Mobile hydraulic equipment uses hoses as
hydraulic conductors because they:
Allow for movement and flexing
Absorb vibrations
Sustain pressure spikes
Enable easy routing and connection on chassis
Conductors and Connectors
Hydraulic fluid

has the following primary functions:
Transmit power
Lubricate moving parts
Seal clearances between mating parts
Dissipate heat
Hydraulic Cylinders

Actuation device that makes use of a pressurized
hydraulic fluid that supplied from hydraulic pump . This
mechanism is used for producing in linear motion and
force in applications that transfer power.

Classification Of Hydraulic Cylinders
According To Function

Single Acting Cylinders
In single acting cylinders the fluid is pressurized from only
one side of the cylinder.
Classification Of Hydraulic Cylinders
According To Function

Double Acting Cylinders
In the double acting cylinders, the pressure from the
fluid is applied in both the directions.
Design Hydraulic Cylinders
to design hydraulic cylinders we assumed some parameters such as:
Inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder (d
i
) =2a =180 mm.
Outer diameter of the hydraulic cylinder (d
o
) =2b = 190 mm.
Diameter piston rod (d
r
) = 50 mm.
The length of the hydraulic cylinder (L
c
) = 980 mm.
The length of the piston stroke (L
s
) = 870 mm.
Pressure supplied (p) = 250 bar = 250*10
5
N/m
2
.
Flow rate (Q) = 20 l/min = 33*10
-5
m
3
/s.
Modulus of Elasticity (E) = 203 GPa = 203*10
9
N/m
2
.
Poisson Ratio () = 0.3
Density () = 7869 Kg/m
3
.
Radial Stress (r).
Hoop or Tangential Stress( =

).

design hydraulic cylinders
= .

= . (

)
where F: piston force (N).
p: pressure (N/m
2
).
A
f
: area of face piston (m
2
).
A
r
: area of rod (m
2
).
design hydraulic cylinders
= .

= . (

= 636.85 KN

=586.78 KN
design hydraulic cylinders
= /

= /(

)
where V: Piston speed (m/s).
Q: Flow Rate (m3/s).
Af: The area of face piston (m2).
(Af Ar): The remaining area in rod side (m2).
design hydraulic cylinders
= /

= /(

= 0.013 m/s

= 0.014 m/s
design hydraulic cylinders
= .
= .
where P: power (KW).
V: Piston speed (m/s).
F: piston force (N).
Q: Flow Rate (m3/s).
p: pressure (N/m2).
design hydraulic cylinders
= .
= .
= 8.250 KW
design hydraulic cylinders
design hydraulic cylinders
design hydraulic cylinders

=

2
.

2
.

2

2

(

). (
2
.
2
)

2
(
2

2
)

=

2
.

2
.

2

2
+
(

). (
2
.
2
)

2
(
2

2
)

where
r
: Radial Stress (N/m).

=

: Hoop Stress (N/m).
a: inside radius (m).
b: outside radius (m).
p: pressure (N/m
2
).
r: any radius inside thickness (m)
design hydraulic cylinders

= - 25*106 N/m2

= 462.8*106 N/m2
design hydraulic cylinders

= - 25*106 N/m2

= 462.8*106 N/m2
When designing hydraulic cylinders must
be all internal and external stresses faced
by the hydraulic cylinder is less than the
tangential stress safety
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES:

B.PARTHIBAN ,P.EAZHUMALI ,S.KARTHI,P.KALIMUTHU
"DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF C TYPE HYDRAULIC PRESS STRUCTURE AND
CYLINDER "
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN AERONAUTICAL AND
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Vol.2 Issue.3,March 2014 .Pgs: 47-56
John F. Harvey,P.E .
Theory and design of pressure vessels - textbook -IE 2001
THANK YOU