Compressors & Drivers

Compressor
Types
Dynamic
Centrifugal
Ejector
Displacement
Positive Diplacement
Issues
Control
Seals












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS
SUCTION
DISCHARGE
MOTIVE
FLUID












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS
Axial












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS












EJECTOR CENTRIFUGAL
DYNAMIC
ROTARY RECIPROCATING
DISPLACEMENT
COMPRESSORS
SUCTION
DISCHARGE












ESTIMATOR CHOICES












Selection Chart












ESTIMATOR - Compressor
Input












Fluid Power Calculation
Fluid Static Head -> approx. 0
Include Piping Frictional Losses of 10 psi per
segment between equipment.
Exchanger Losses per simulation assumptions
Control Valve losses (15 psi for our 500 psig
system - but eliminate if possible?).

Fluid Flow
Efficiency (75% to 80%)












PRO II Output

UNIT 8, 'COMPRESSOR'

FEEDS LP-RECYCLE

PRODUCTS VAPOR HP-RECYCLE


OPERATING CONDITIONS

INLET ISENTROPIC OUTLET
----------- ----------- -----------
TEMPERATURE, C 39.83 254.14 278.88
PRESSURE, KPA 1190.00 39100.00 39100.00
CP/CV 1.2533 1.2627 ACT VAP RATE, M3/SEC
0.1042
ADIABATIC EFF, PERCENT 80.0000
HEAD, M
ADIABATIC 30028.91
POLYTROPIC 31045.39
ACTUAL 37536.13
WORK, KW
THEORETICAL 542.63
POLYTROPIC 561.00
Seals Normally
Limited to 350 F
(180 C)












Compression Ratio
P2 / P1 (absolute pressures)
Not required in our calcs for cost but if
excessive are an indication that a multistage
compressor would be required (usually
confirmed by outlet temperature).












Centrifugal
Compressors and Fans
Performance & Controls
Diff
Press
Inlet Volumetric Flow Rate
Surge
Okay












Centrifugal - Control
For constant discharge pressure systems
(most common). Variations in process flow
rate are controlled through the inlet valve
Inlet Vane Changes
The Flow vs DP
Curve of the
Compressor












Centrifugal - Control
Diff
Press
Inlet Volumetric Flow Rate
Open Inlet Valve
Closing Inlet Valve
Surge Line












Centrifugal - Control
At the point where further restriction in the
inlet valve would cause surging other controls
are required.
Usually
Blow Off
Recirculation












Centrifugal - Control
Blow Off
Blow Off Valve
Disch
Inlet
Blow Off












Centrifugal - Control
Recirculation
Disch
Inlet












Centrifugal - Control
Variable Speed
Used on the smaller compressors for
energy efficiency
Diff
Press
Inlet Volumetric Flow Rate
High RPM
Low RPM












Drives For Pumps and
Compressors












Drives For Pumps and
Compressors
T.E.F.C.












TEFC
Air Flow
seal
bearing












Electric Drives
Enclosures
protected from outside environment
allows free ambient room air to cool windings
drip proof guarded
weather protected
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC most common motor used - isolated from
the free exchange of outside air
Explosion Proof - designed to isolate
surroundings from ignition sources such as
sparking or high temperatures inside the motor












Electrical Area Classification
Performed by electrical and process engineers
Process of classification
identifies processes that have explosion potential
flammable liquids, gases, vapors, combustible dust, or
ignitable fibers or flyings
based on flash point, operating temperature etc.
Identifies distances from process that are safe
identifies equipment and instrumentation
enclosure requirements
i.e. Explosion proof












Our Compressor
What composition we have going through
compressor?
Is the material a fire/explosion hazard (operated
above its flash point) ?
Do we have an explosion potential if it leaks out of
compressor?
What drive type should we choose?