BIOLOGY PROJECT

2014
By: Tan Ying Shan
ECOSYSTEM
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms
(plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the
non-living components of their environment (air, water
and mineral soil), interacting as a system.

These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as
linked together through nutrient cycles and energy
flows. As ecosystems are defined by the network of
interactions among organisms, and between organisms
and their environment,

they can be of any size but
usually encompass specific, limited spaces.
PLACE WE DO THIS PROJECT
AMPANG JAJAR
Ampang Jajar is a park that located in Nibong
Tebal, Seberang Perai Selatan. Its distance from
Butterworth town is about 40km. It is a resting
place that is ideal for picnic activities, camping,
fishing and recreation.
My friends, Tan Wei Teng, Teoh Per Gin, Lim
Hui Ying, Yeoh Li Ting and I went to this park on
1
st
September 2014. We found out that this place
is suitable for this project as it has a lot of
ecosystem.
There are a lot of biotic and abiotic components.
ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
Abiotic components or abiotic factors are those
non-living chemical and physical parts of the
environment that affect living organisms and the
functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic components
include physical conditions and non-
living resources that affect living organisms in
terms of growth, maintenance, and reproduction.
Abiotic factors can include water, light,
radiation, temperature, humidity, atmosphere, and
soil.

TEMPERATURE
- We found that the temperature there is
about 28c. This temperature is suitable for
the organisms there.
- Most organisms have an ideal temperature
range in which they can live. If temperatures
are too hot or too cold for any length of time,
then the organism may not be able to survive.
LIGHT INTENSITY
- The intensity, quality and the duration of light play
an important role for the survival of organism. The
organisms have photoreceptors. The light may lead to
many processes. The photosynthesis is performed by
the autotrophs. It provides food to plants as well as
animals. Light is essential for this process.
- We found that the light intensity there is optimum
and suitable for the plants.
PH
- PH is one of the effects that can affect the
quality of the plants grow. The major impact
that pH extremes have on plant growth is in
the availability of plant nutrients and
concentration of the plant toxic minerals.
- The pH of this park is optimum for the
growth of plans there.
HUMIDITY
- Humidity affects the rate at which water
evaporates from the surface of organisms
example in transpiration or sweating. It also
makes the temperature consistently warm,
since water vapor helps hold in heat.
- We found that the humidity there is high as
there is a dam. This encourages the growth of
the plants.
TOPOGRAPHY
- Topography is a nonliving factor that refers
to the lay of the land. It includes the physical
features of the earth such as the land
elevation, slope, terrain (flat, rolling, hilly,
etc.), mountain ranges and bodies of water.
BIOTIC COMPONENTS
Biotic components are the living things that
shape an ecosystem.
A biotic factor is any living component that
affects another organism. Each biotic factor
needs energy to do work and food for proper
growth. Biotic factors include human
influence.
Biotic components usually include:
Producers . Eg: plants.
Consumers. Eg: animals
Decomposers. Eg: fungi and bacteria,
PRODUCER
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