Sie sind auf Seite 1von 18

Presented by:

Biswojit Swain
Omprkash Satapathy
Sakti Swarup Mohanty
Prasant ku. Sahoo
Bhagyashree Tripathy
Smita Patry
Amit Sahoo
GUIDED BY: Prof. Durjyadhana Jena

Application of Matrices in Business


Management
Matrices play an important role in modern techniques

of quantitative analysis of managerial decisions.


Matrices provide a compact way of writing a system of
equations & a method of representing large quantities
of data.
These tools have alsobecome quite important in
marketing,finance,production,accounting & personel.
How ever, Matrix algebra is applicable to only linearequation systems.

Cont...
In case,the assumption of linearity can be made ,

Matrix algebra can become an important tool to aid


decision making.

MATRICES:Notations & Definitions


A matrix is defined as asn array of numbers arranged

in rows & columns.


The most common matrix,we come across is a
representation of the distance from one city to another
city.

City1
City2
City3
City1
0
100
150
City2 100
0
75
City3
150
75
0

Cont...
We enclose the rows & columns within parenthesis &

call it a matrix.Thus,the distance shown above will be


represented by a matrix.

0
100
150

100
0
75

150
75
0

Various Types of matrices


Square Matrix:If the matrix is having same no of
rows & column,then the matrix is called a square
matrix.
II. Equal Matrix:The Matrices are said to be equal,if the
all the elements of 1st matrix is equal to
correspedence elements of 2nd matrix.
III. Unit Matrix/Identity Matrix:A unit Matrix is a
square matrix,for which the elements in the leading
diagonal are 1 & the rest of the elements are zero.
I.

Cont...

Example:

1
0

0
1

0
0

0
0
1

Singular matrix:A matrix is said to be singular, if its


determinants is zero.

Cont...
Transpose of a Matrix: If a matrix is

5
A= 6

7 8
3 2
4 9

6
3
2

5
A1 = 7

1
4
9

then

DETERMINANTS
Definition: Determinats are only possible in case of
a square matrix.Determinant is the scalar value of a
square matrix.
PROPERTIES OF DETERMINANTS:
I. Determinant of |A|=|A |
II. If two rows & columns of a determinant are
interchanged, then the value of the determinant so
obtained is ve of the original determinant.
I.

3.If a scalar is multiplied in the determinant,then the


determinant so obtained is equal to K times the
original value.
4. The Value of a determinant in which two rows or
columns are equal,then the value of the determinant is
zero.

Inverse of a Matrix
Example:Find the inverse of the following matrix
1
A= 4
3

2
5
2

3
6
1

Application of Matrix in solving


linear equation
Example:The daily cost c of operating a hotel is a linear
function of in-customer(i) & out-customer(p) +fixed
cost(a)
c=a+bi+dp
Given the following data for 3 days.Find the value a,b,d by
setting of a linear system of equation & using maatrix
inversion method.
Day cost units(c) no. of in cu.(i) No.of out cu.(p)
1
2400
40
10
2
2300
30
8
3
2200
40
12

WHAT IS DERIVATIVE?
In calculus Derivative is a measure of how a function

changes as its input changes.Loosely speaking,a


derivative can be thought of as how much one
quantity is changing in response to changes in some
other quantity.
The process of finding a derivative is called
differentiation.The reverse process is called antidifferentiation.
The fundamental theorem of calculus state that antidifferentiation js the same as INTEGRATION,

Importance of derivatives in the


business field
The importance of derivative is that it helps in

transfering risk.Making more clear,it cant elliminate


risk,but can transfer.
1. Efficient allocation of risk
2. Lower cost of hedging
3. Liquidity
4. Risk Management

Application of Derivatives
1.

Conditios for Local Maxima

2. Condition for Local Minima

EXAMPLE
Suppose a manufacturer can sale X no. of items per

weak at a price P=-30+0.002x rupees.Each when it


costs Y=5x+2000 rupees to produces x no. of
items.Determine the no. of items produced per weak
for maximum profit & also determine there will be
profit or loss?

Conclusion
From this,we came to know about various applications

of Matrices & Derivatives in Business Management.


Without this application, there will be difficult to
know about the risks involved in the Business.

THANK YOU

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen