Chapter

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Learning Objectives

1. Explain the origins of the Internet and the web.

2. Explain how to access the web using providers and browsers.
3. Compare different web utilities including plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and

Computing Essentials 2015

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Internet security suites.

Compare different Internet communications, including email, text messaging, instant
messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, Webcasts, podcasts, and wikis.
Describe search tools, including search engines and specialized search engines.
Evaluate the accuracy of information on the web.
Identify electronic commerce, including B2C, C2C, B2B, and security issues.
Describe cloud computing, including the three-way interaction of clients, Internet,
and service providers.

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Introduction

Computing Essentials 2015

The Internet is an interconnected mesh of computers and data

lines that connects millions of people and organizations.
It is the foundation of the digital revolution.
The web provides an easy-to-use interface to Internet resources
that has become an everyday tool.
To be effective and efficient, end users need to be aware of the
resources available on the Internet and the web and how to
access them.

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The Internet and the Web

The Internet is a large global network, connecting smaller networks all over the
globe
The Internet was launched in 1969
The United States funded project to develop a national computer network
ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network)

Computing Essentials 2015

The World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1991 at CERN (Center for
European Nuclear Research)
The Internet and the web are NOT the same
The Internet is the physical network
The web is a multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet

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Common Internet Uses

Communicating
e-mail, photos, videos
Discussions

Shopping
Searching
Computing Essentials 2015

Virtual libraries

Education or
e-learning
Entertainment
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Making IT Work for You ~ Online

Entertainment

Computing Essentials 2015

Use the Internet to locate and play movies and television shows
Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime

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Access

Common way to access the Internet is through a

Computing Essentials 2015

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Provide a connection for individuals to access the Internet
Use telephone lines, cable, and/or wireless connections

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Browsers

Programs that provide access to web

Computing Essentials 2015

resources
Allow you to explore the web
Popular Web browsers include:

Mozilla Firefox
Apple Safari
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Google Chrome

Address or location of the

resource must be specified
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
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URLs

Uniform Resource Locator

Has at least two parts

Web Suffix
Identifies the type of
organization

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Protocol
Domain name

Top-level domain (TLD) or

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HTML and Hyperlinks

Browsers interpret HTML

commands
Hypertext Markup Language

Display document as a web

Computing Essentials 2015

page
Hyperlinks or links
Connect to other web pages
Text files
Graphic images
Audio and Video Clips
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Interactive Web Sites

Computing Essentials 2015

Technologies used to provide highly

interactive and animated websites
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
JavaScript
AJAX
Applets
Mobile Browsers

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Web Utilities

Specialized utility programs that make using the Internet and

web safer and easier

Computing Essentials 2015

Plug-Ins
Filters
File Transfer Utilities
Internet Security
Suites

Return

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Plug-Ins

Programs that automatically start and operate as part of you

Computing Essentials 2015

browser
Provide an enhanced browsing experience by enabling special
file formats and multimedia elements
Acrobat Reader
Flash
QuickTime
Windows Media Player
Return
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Filters

Programs that block access to selected sites and

Computing Essentials 2015

can set time limits

Monitor total time spent on the Internet and at
individual web sites
CyberPatrol
Pearl Echo
Norton Online Family
Net Nanny
Symantec Web Gateway
Return
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File Transfer Utilities

Programs that help you upload and download files to and from

Computing Essentials 2015

the Internet
Downloading
Uploading
Three popular types of programs
File transfer protocol (FTP) and secure file transfer protocol (SFTP)
Web-based file transfer services
Bit-Torrent
Return
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Internet Security Suites

Computing Essentials 2015

Designed to maintain your security and privacy while on the web

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Communication
Communication is the most popular Internet activity
E-mail
Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet
Three elements
Header

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Address

Subject
Attachments
Message
Signature

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Communication

Client-based e-mail system

Computing Essentials 2015

E-mail client
Web-based e-mail system
Webmail

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Spam

Computing Essentials 2015

Junk and/or unwanted e-mail

Computer viruses or destructive programs
are often attached to unsolicited email
CAN-SPAM Act
Spam blockers / spam filters use a variety of
approaches to identify and control spam

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Messaging

Text messaging / texting

SMS (short message service)
Short electronic message

Instant messaging
Extension of email that provides direct, live
Computing Essentials 2015

communication between two or more people

Most programs include video conferencing features, file sharing
and remote assistance
Facebook Chat
Google Talk

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Computing Essentials 2015

Social Networking
Connecting people and organizations that share a common interest or activity
Three most popular:
Facebook
Facebook Profiles
Facebook Pages
Facebook groups
Google+
Circles
Hangouts
Sparks
LinkedIn
Business-oriented
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Blogs, Microblogs
Web logs or blogs

updates that answer the

question:
What are you doing now?

Computing Essentials 2015

personal news pages that

are date/time-stamped
and arranged with the
most recent items shown
first

Microblogs short status

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Webcasts, Podcasts, Wikis

Computing Essentials 2015

Webcast streaming
technology for live
broadcast of audio
and video
Podcast-audio and
video files that can be
downloaded to your
computer or media
player

Wiki a specially designed

Web site that allows visitors
to edit the contents,
supports collaborative
writing

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Search Tools

Search Services
Specialized Search Engines
Spiders

Computing Essentials 2015

Search Engines
Content Evaluation
Authority
Accuracy
Objectivity
Currency
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Electronic Commerce

Also known as e-commerce

Buying and selling of goods over the Internet

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Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Consumer-to consumer (C2C)
Business-to-business (B2B)

Return

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Business to Consumer (B2C)

Fastest growing type of e-commerce

Three most widely used B2C applications:

Computing Essentials 2015

Online banking
Financial trading
Shopping

Return
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Consumer to Consumer C2C

Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)

Web auctions
Similar to traditional auctions

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Person-to-person auction sites

Return
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Business to Business B2B

Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to

Computing Essentials 2015

another
Primarily a manufacturer supplier relationship

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Security

Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and

Computing Essentials 2015

secure
Two options
Credit card
Digital cash

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Cloud Computing

Shifts computing activities from users desktops to

Computing Essentials 2015

computers on the Internet

Frees end-users from owning, maintaining, and
storing software programs and data
Three basic components:
Clients (end-users)
Service providers
The Internet

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Careers In IT - Webmasters

Computing Essentials 2015

Develop and maintain websites and resources

Backup of company website
Update and develop new resources
Work with the marketing
department to increase site
traffic and monitor the flow
of customer interactions

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A Look to the Future

Cars Dashboard as a power, Internet-connected

Computing Essentials 2015

computing device
Safety and diagnostic features are already there
Potential distractions?

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Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 3)

Discuss the Internet, including their origins, the three generations of the
web, and the most common uses.

Describe how to access the Internet. What are the providers? Define
Computing Essentials 2015

browsers and discuss URLs, HTML, JavaScript, AJAX, Applets, and mobile
browsers.

What are Web utilities? Discuss plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and
Internet security suites
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Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 3)

Discuss Internet communications, including client-based and web-based email,

Computing Essentials 2015

instant and text messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, webcasts,

podcasts, and wikis.

Define search tools including search services. Discuss search engines and
specialized search engines. Describe how to evaluate the content of a web site.

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Open-Ended Questions (Page 3 of 3)

Describe electronic commerce, including

business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-business ecommerce, and security.

Computing Essentials 2015

What is cloud computing? Describe the three basic components of cloud

computing.

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