Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Definition
of
Islam
Literally Islam means peace and submission.
Technically it signifies submission and surrendering
ones self to Allah by relinquishing ones freedom and
independence in his favour. Such submission has to
total and complete by bringing ones entire aspects of
life in line with the teachings of Islam.
Islam in the sense of submission implies that for a
person to become a submitting Muslim, he has to
establish a state of harmony and total submission of
the self to God, namely physical, intellectual and
spiritual. Mans submission dimension, like all other
creatures, is already in a state of totally enforced
submission to the nature order.
Do they seek for other than the religion of God? While all
creature in the heavens and on earth have willingly or unwillingly
bowed (submitted) to His will
For him to achieve a balanced and true submission to God, and
stay true to his position as the vicegerent and free agent of God,
unlike other spiritually as well. And for mans intellect to be
correctly coaxed towards once man intellectually submits
himself to God, then he will bind himself become a submitting
servant of God. Hence he establishes a harmonious state of
submission to God. That is why Islam is called the religion of
fitrah (in harmony with human nature) as defined by God.
So set thou thy face truly to the religion being upright, the
nature in which Allah has made mankind: no change there is in
the work wrought by God: that is the rue religion but most
among mankind know not.
The desert Arabs says: we believe. Say you have no faith but
you only say we have submitted our wills to God. For not yet
faith has entered into your hearts. However, if you obey God and
his messenger, He will not belittle aught of your deeds; for God is
oft-forgiving, most merciful
Tawhid
Tawhid (monotheism, singularity, oneness or unity of God) is
the most cardinal principle of Islamic ideology. It forms the first
component of the topmost pillars of Islamic religion whose
affirmation and utterance entitles one to the membership
Islam.
That is to declare, there is no god but Allah meaning there is
no any false god but the real God, Who is the Creator, and
Sustainer of all the universe, thus refuting the concept of the
universe as a machine running automatically towards unknown
destiny on its own accord. Furthermore, it is to affirm that
Definition of Iman
Literally, iman means belief involving confidence in truth and
not a supposed truth. Technically, it is to utter the proclamation
of faith in the Islamic creed.
There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger
Consequently anyone who out of full conviction and
understanding of the meaning and purport of this declaration
affirms his faith with unshakable confidence, he will be entitled
to the membership of the Islamic religion. As to the true nature
of faith and its implication for ones daily life, it has been made
clear to us in a tradition by the Prophet in which he defined
iman as Faith is knowing in the heart, voicing with tongue and
activity with the limbs Thus iman involves three element of
knowing, speaking, and doing.
Fundamental of Faith
We have described iman as consisting of faith and
action. For iman, a vision to be upheld, realized and
nurtured, to become eternalized, entrenched and
solidified in the inner recesses of ones heart and mind
and to direct his limbs towards action, one needs
supplementary principles, called the articles of faith
(arkan al-iman) or fundamentals of faith. These articles
of fiath consist of belief in Allah, in the messenger, in
the angels, in the scriptures, in the hereafter and in fate
and destiny or pre-measurement. These articles are a
set of fundamentals outlined by the Prophet to be the
foundation of Islamic ideology.
1-Belief in Allah
Belief in Allah is at the topmost of the hierarchy of iman and it is
the principal article of faith to which others are secondary. This
precisely means to declare that all other gods and deities are
invalid, but the real God. And finally all other religions and
worships are erroneous, fallacious and therefore futile save
Islam. This is echoed in more than one place in the Quran, and
one instance is:
He is God, besides whom there is no god, knower of the unseen
and visible; He is the most compassionate, the most Merciful, He
is God, besides whom there is no god, the Sovereign, the Holy
one, the sources of peace, the guardian, the preserver, the
Almighty, the compeller, the supreme, Glorified be God above
the partners, they attribute to Him. He is God, the creator, the
maker, the fashioner. To Him belongs the most beautiful names,
and He is the Almighty the All wise
Therefore, to have firm faith in the One God and His sublime
names and attributes and to reject all other gods (alihah) and
whatever the term god stands for is the true states of belief in
God.
2-Belief in the Messengers
Belief in Messengers is another requirement of faith as it is
only natural and logical to believe in them. In order for man to
be able to receive divine instructions, and understand and
implement them in their lives, they need a human medium in
the form of Messengers. Accordingly, the necessity of the
messengers, as human communicators of divine revelations in
human language and its experimentation by them as human
exemplars is inevitable.
Definition of Shariah
Shariah, literally means a waterhole, where animals gather
daily to drink, or the straight path according to its Quranic
usage:
Then We put thee on the right way of religion, so follow thou
the way and follow not the desires of those who know not.
This verse characterizes the Shariah as the right way because
adherence to it guides one to the true path of guidance set by
God (sirat al-mustaqim). Accordingly, the Shariah literally stands
for a straight path which guides man to the true path of Islam. It
is a way of moral, spiritual and intellectual life in the same way
as Shariah (water hole) led people in pre-Islamic Arabia to the
source of water upon which all physical life depends.
Definition of Fiqh
Linguistically, fiqh means an in-depth understanding
of what is intended or having deep insight into
something and comprehending it. This is clear from
the hadith below:
To whomsoever God wishes good, He gives him an indepth understanding of religion.
Technically, it refers to the science of derived practical
legal rules relating to human conduct, as acquired from
their detailed Shariah evidences (sources).
The word fiqh in the early days of Islam was employed
in the general sense of understanding (the Quran also
uses it in that sense)
THANKS