INTRODUCTION TO

SMALL-SCALE WIND ENERGY

Windmill vs. Wind Turbine
A windmill is a machine that converts the energy of the wind into other,
more useful forms like mechanical energy. Early windmills were
designed to grind grain and pump water. Later on, windmills were
designed to generate electricity. Electricity-generating windmills are
commonly referred to as wind turbines or wind generators. Water
pumping windmills are generally referred to as such or simply as
windmills.

WORKING MODEL
In this work an attempt is made in improving the efficiency of the output electricity produced
from the advanced wind turbine design with respect to the existing wind turbines.
The design of small scale wind turbine consists of the following components:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Rotor blade
Rotor Hub
Main Bearing
Main Shaft
Exhaust Fan
Gear System
Break System
Clutch Unit
Generator

WIND TURBINE DESIGN CONCEPT 1

From the design of Wind Mill we can see that the rotor blade (attached to the rotor hub) and the exhaust fan
are connected to the same main shaft which intern is connected to the generator through gear mechanism.

In this mechanism the rotor blades are positioned opposite to the direction of wind flow. When the air
strikes the blades, the mechanical motion of the rotating blades is converted into electricity using the
generator coupled to the main shaft.

The spent air from the first blades is utilized by the exhaust fan to throw it with the high velocity added
with fresh air to next blades to rotate with high velocity.

And the rotation of the exhaust fan does not need any external power for its working as it is attached to
the main shaft and rotates with the rotation of the shaft.

This increase in the velocity of the wind caused by the first set of rotor blades and the exhaust fan
increases the rotation of the second turbine blades kept in line with first set. This intern increases the
rotation of the main shaft increasing the output power generation from generator.

The gear mechanism used hear is called planet gear mechanism. Its main work is to step up the speed of
the shaft generated in the main shaft and utilizing this high speed to generate more power when connected to
generator.

The main advantage of the design is that it can work in areas where wind velocity is less than 5-15m/s .Because
the first set of blades will increase the velocity of wind to 5-15m/s at their output, which can be utilized by second
set of blades to produce electricity.

DESIGN CONCEPT 2

WORKING
Fig.2. from the design of Wind Mill we can see that the only change made is
separation of the two rotor blades from main shaft and connecting to two
different gear system and generator.
But the principle remains the same as before. The spent air from the first
blades is thrown with high velocity added with fresh air to next blades to rotate
with high velocity. That connected to the generator can produce electrical
energy.
Similarly the rotational energy of the first rotor blades when connected to
generator can produce electrical energy.
And the rotation of the exhaust fan does not need any external power for its
working as it is attached to the main shaft and rotates with the rotation of the
shaft.

CONCLUSION
We can conclude that from both the designs the output generated is more
than the earlier results observed. This may play a major role in providing
the electrical energy for the society with respect to power consumption.