A Seminar on

CONTINUOUSLY
VARIABLE
TRANSMISSION

BY,
SANKET KIRTIKUMAR PAHADE
ROLL NO: 402239
B.E. MECH 2

GUIDED BY,

Prof.N.G.PHAFAT DEPT. OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, J.N.E.C
AURANGABAD
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Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

Basics Of Transmission
Problems With Traditional Transmission
Introduction CVT
Overview Of CVT
Components
Working Principle
Types Of CVT
Advantages And Disadvantages
Application
Future Scope
Conclusion
Reference

Basics Of Transmission
Speed ratio
Engine torque

Problems With Traditional Transmission

The traffic condition.
Loss of momentum.
In such a case will automatic transmission
make sense to the Indian customer?

Introduction of CVT

Potential solution for this fuel economy.

Fuel regulation
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is a transmission which
can change seamlessly through an infinite number of effective gear
ratios. This allows the engine to put out the proper amount of power
improving on efficiency of traditional transmissions.

Overview of a CVT:

Varies the transmission ratio continuously

Shifts automatically with an infinite number of
ratios.
Seamless power delivery
Constantly changes its gear ratio to optimize engine
efficiency

Components of CVT

1.A variable input (driving) pulley

2.An variable output(driven) pulley
3.A metal belt/rollers
4.Sensors and microprocessors

Working principle
Consists of a pair of variable-diameter
pulleys, each shaped like a pair of opposing
cones, and a metal belt or chain running
between them.
As the pulley halves come closer together
the belt is forced to ride higher on the
pulley, effectively making the pulley's
diameter larger.
Changing the diameter of the pulleys varies
the transmission's ratio.

Types of CVT
Metal Push Belt CVT.
Toroidal Drive CVT.

Metal Push Belt CVT:

Uses a pair of axially adjustable sets
of pulley halves(Variator).
Both pulleys have one fixed and one
adjustable pulley halve.
The transmission ratio is varied by
adjusting the spacing between the
pulleys in line with the circumference
of the tapered pulley halves.
A belt is used to transfers the
engine's power from one shaft to
another.
The variators are adjusted
hydraulically.
When one pulley is varied, the other
pulley must adapt itself inversely
since the length of the belt is fixed.
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Toroidal Traction Drive CVT:

Uses rollers to transmit torque

between the input disc and
output disc
A viscous fluid with high
shear strength properties is
fundamental in transmitting
torque between rollers and
discs.
The angle of the rollers
changes relative to shaft
position resulting in a change
in gear ratio.
The change in angle by a
roller must be mirrored by the
opposing roller.
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Toroidal CVT

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Advantages and disadvantages

ADVANTAGES
Engine fatigue
Infinite number of gear ratios
Mechanical efficiency high
Greater fuel efficiency
Lighter and cheaper than AT
Smooth, responsive and quiet to
drive
Newer CVTs have a manual
option, giving the driver more
control, simulating a MT.
CPU can be configured to suit a
wide range of driving modes and
styles.

o
o
o

DISADVANTAGES
Limited torque capacity.
Cost than MT
Slipping in the drive belt or
pulleys
Complacency by the automobile
industry, unwilling to discard
billions of dollars in development
in MT & ATs.

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Application
Automobiles Equipped With
CVT
1.
AudiA4
2.0/1.8T/2.4/3.0/2.5 TDI
2.
Fiat Punto 1.2
3.
Ford Escape Hybrid 2.3
4cyl
4.
Ford Focus C-MAX 1.6
TDCi 110ps
5.
Honda Civic Hybrid 1.3
4cyl
6.
Honda HR-V 1.6
7.
Honda Insight 1.0 3cyl
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Future of CVT
Fuel economy and emissions have effectively stalled.
New fuel regulations

Costs will be reduced further and performance will continue

to increase.

Ultimately it will give CVTs a solid foundation in the

worlds automotive infrastructure.

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Conclusion

The applications and benefits of continuously variable transmissions can

only increase based on todays research and development. As
automakers continue to develop CVTs, more and more vehicle lines will
begin to use them.
Fuel efficiency and performance benefits will inevitably increase;
Increased sales will prompt further development and implementation,
Foster competition.

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Reference
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.
7.

Francis Van Der Sluis, Tom Van Dongun, Gert-Jan Van Spijk, Efficiency
Optimization Of Pushbelt CVT, SAE International, 2007.
Francis Van Der Sluis, Tom Van Dongun, Gert-Jan Van Spijk, Fuel Consumption
Potential Of The Pushbelt CVT, SAE International, 2007.
Arjen Brandsma, Jan Van Lith, Emiry Hendricks, Push belt CVT Developments
For High Power Application, Bosch Group, 2004
M J Nunney, Light and Heavy Vehicle Technology, Elsevier Publishers, Fourth
Edition, 2007.
W D Erickson, Belt Selection and Application for Engineers, Marcel Dekker
Publishers, First Edition, 1987.
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/cvt.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/continuously_variable_transmissions

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Thank you.

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