UMTS Radio Network KPI

ZTE University

Content

KPI Classification
RAN KPI Definition and Measurement
KPI Optimization
KPI monitor
KPI Case study

KPI Overview
NetNumenM31 (RAN) Mobile Network Element
Management System is ZTE Element Management
System of operation and management for one or more
NEs. (FM, PM, CM)
Performance Monitor (according to the importance and
usage):

KPI
PI: Performance Indicator
SPI: statistical performance indicator: with statistical rule such as
call completion rate>95%.
Customized performance index

EMS KPI Monitor Tools:

Performance management
Fault Management
Configuration Management

RAN KPI Category

Capacity Class
CS Capacity
PS Capacity
Cell UL Load Factor
Block Call rate

Mobility Class

Coverage Class

Coverage Probability

RNC Soft Handover Success

rate
Inter-Frequency Hard
Handover Success rate
Inter-RAT Hard Handover
Success rate (CS domain and
PS domain)

Resource Usage Class

Trouble Cell rate
Busy Cell rate
Sleeping Cell rate

QoS Class

RAN KPI Class

RRC Establishment success rate

RAB Establishment success rate
Radio Access Success Rate
Call drop rate
Average UL/DL Throughput
RTT Ping with 32 Bytes

Content

KPI Classification
RAN KPI Definition and Measurement
KPI Optimization
KPI monitor
KPI Case study

Coverage Probability
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period

Statistic AreaClutter-wise

Indoor or OutdoorBOTH

Measurement MethodsDT or CQT

Index MeaningThe coverage probability reflects the RF coverage

strength and RF signal quality.

Coverage Probability
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Downlink: F=RSCP > R & Ec/Io > S

Uplink: TxPwr < T

Coverage Probability is defined as the percentage of the samples

whose F=1 for all the measured samples
(NoteUnreasonable samples are not included

R and S are different for different services

RRC Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period :15 Mins, 30 Mins,1 Hour. 1Day.

Statistic Area cell-wise

Indoor or OutdoorBOTH

Measurement Methodcalculate based on the OMC Counters

value

Indicator Meaningthis indicator reflects the accessibility of the

Cell

RRC Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

RRC Establishment Success Rate

RRC Connection Setup Complete Times
/RRC Connection Request Times100%

RRC Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

UE

Signaling Flow

RNC

CN
RRC Connection Setup
Request Times

RRC Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup

RRC Connection Setup

Complete Times

RRC Connection Complete

DT Message Exchange
RAB Assignment Request
Radio Bearer Setup

Indicator
Extension

Established

Radio Bearer Setup Complete

RAB Assignment Response

RAB Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period : 15 Mins, 30 Mins,1 Hour. 1 Day.

Statistic Area: RNC & Cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC Counters

value

Indicator Meaning: RAB assignment is the last step of the service

connection. If it is successfully assigned, the connection to the
User Panel is Successfully Setup

RAB Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

RAB Establishment Success rate

CS RAB Assignment Success Times

+PS RAB Assignment Success Times
/(CS RAB Assignment Request Times
PS RAB Assignment Request Times100%

RAB Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

UE

Indicator
Extension

Signaling Flow

RNC

CN

RRC Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup
RRC Connection Complete

RAB Assignment
Request Times

DT Message Exchange

RAB Assignment Request

Radio Bearer Setup
Radio Bearer Setup Complete

Established

RAB Assignment
Success Times
RAB Assignment Response

RAB Establishment Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

CS RAB Establishment Success rate

PS RAB Establishment Success rate
AMR RAB Establishment Success rate
CS C 64/64 RAB Establishment Success rate
PS I 64/64 RAB Establishment Success rate
PS I 64/128 RAB Establishment Success rate
PS I 64/384 RAB Establishment Success rate

Indicator
Extension

Radio Access Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15 Mins, 30 Mins, 1 Hour. 1 Day.

Statistic Area: Cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC counters

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the accessibility of the

service of the Cell

Radio Access Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Call Setup Success Rate

RRC Establishment Success Rate (Service Related)
RAB Establishment Success rate100%

Radio Access Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

UE

Indicator
Extension

Signaling Flow

RNC

CN

RRC Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup
RRC Connection Complete

RRC Establishment
Success Rate

DT Message Exchange
RAB Assignment Request
Radio Bearer Setup

Established

Radio Bearer Setup Complete

RAB Assignment Response

RAB
Establishment
Success Rate

Radio Access Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

AMR Call Setup Success rate

CS C 64/64 Call Setup Success rate
PS I 64/64 Call Setup Success rate
PS I 64/128 Call Setup Success rate
PS I 64/384 Call Setup Success rate
PS S 64/64 Call Setup Success rate

Indicator
Extension

Call Drop Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Statistic Period: 15 Mins, 30 Mins, 1 Hour. 1Day.

Statistic Area: RNC & Cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Indicator
Extension

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC Counters

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the Retainability of the

network, it is one of the most important indicators of the
customers experience.

Call Drop Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Call Drop Rate

RNC Triggered CS RAB Release Number
RNC Triggered PS RAB Release Number
/(Total RAB Release number for CS
+ Total RAB Release number for PS)
100%

Call Drop Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

RNC Triggered RAB

Release Times
RNC
RAB
RELEASE REQUEST

CN

Call Drop Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

CS Call Drop rate

PS Call Drop rate
AMR Call Drop rate
CS C 64/64 Call Drop rate
PS 64/64 Call Drop rate
PS 64/128 Call Drop rate
PS 64/384 Call Drop rate

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Call Blocking Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15 Mins, 30 Mins, 1 Hour. 1Day

Statistic Area: Cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: Rate of blocked calls due to resource shortage.

This index partially reflects the degree of congestion in the cell.

Call Blocking Rate

Indicator
Definition

Indicator
Description

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Call Blocking Rate

The number of blocked calls

/ The number of call admission requests Times100%

Soft Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15 Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour. 1Day

Statistic Area: RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC counters

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the soft handover

mobility in the RNC control area.

Soft Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Soft Handover Success Rate

Soft Handover Attempted Times
Soft Handover Failure Times
/Soft Handover Attempted Times100%

Soft Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description
UE

Indicator
Definition
Success flow

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

UTRAN

ACTIVE SET UPDATE

Soft Handover
Attempted Times

A
ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE
B

UE

Failure Flow

UTRAN

Soft Handover Failure Times.

ACTIVE SET UPDATE

A
ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE
B

Soft Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Configuration unsupported failure caused handover failure rate

Physical channel failure caused handover failure rate
Incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration caused handover
failure rate
Protocol error caused handover failure rate
Cell update occurred caused handover failure rate
Invalid configuration caused handover failure rate
No reply caused handover failure rate

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour. 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC counters

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the hard handover

mobility in the RNC control area.

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success Rate

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Attempted Times

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Failure Times
/ Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Attempted Times 100%

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover should Include

Intra-RNC Hard Handover and Inter-RNC Hard Handover

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description
UE

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Success Flow

SRNC

Inter-frequency hard
handover Attempted times

PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION

Intra-RNC
Inter-Frequency
Hard Handover
Flow

Indicator
Extension

PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE

UE

Failure Flow

SRNC

PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION

PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION FAILURE

Inter-frequency hard
handover failure times

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success Rate

UE

Node B

Node B

Drift RNS

Serving RNS

Serving RNC MSC/SGSN

Drift RNC

Decision to execute
Hard Handover

Relocation
Required
RANAP
RANAP

[A1]
[A2]

Relocation Request

RANAP

Inter-RNC
Inter-Frequency
Hard Handover
Flow

RANAP

Radio Link Setup

NBAP
NBAP

NBAP
Radio Link Setup Response

NBAP
RANAP

Relocation Request Ack.

Physical Channel Reconfiguration

RRC
NBAP

Radio Link Restore Indication

RRC

Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete

[B2]

RRC

UE Mobility Information

Relocation Complete

RRC

[B1]

RANAP

Iu Release
Command
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Release
Complete
RANAP
RANAP

Radio Link Deletion Request

NBAP

Radio Link Deletion Response

NBAP

RANAP

RRC

UE Mobility Information CONFIRM

NBAP

Relocation Detect

RRC

RANAP
RRC

Sent from SRNC

NBAP
RANAP

RRC

RANAP
Relocation
Command
RANAP
RANAP

NBAP

Feedback to DRNC

Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Success Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Configuration unsupported caused intra-NodeB inter-frequency

hard handover failure rate
Configuration unsupported caused intra-RNC inter-frequency
hard handover failure rate
Configuration unsupported caused inter-RNC inter-frequency
hard handover failure rate
Physical channel failure caused intra-NodeB inter-frequency hard
handover failure rate
Physical channel failure caused intra-RNC inter-frequency hard
handover failure rate
Physical channel failure caused inter-RNC inter-frequency hard
handover failure rate

Inter-RAT CS Outgoing Handover Success

rateUMTS->GSM
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise or RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the Inter-RAT CS handover mobility, the
handover is from UMTS system to GSM system.

Inter-RAT CS Outgoing Handover Success

RateUMTS->GSM
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

CS Inter-RAT Handover Success RateUMTS->GSM

1CS Inter-RAT Handover From UTRAN Failure Times
/CS Inter-RAT Handover From UTRAN Required Times100%

Inter-RAT CS Outgoing Handover Success

RateUMTS->GSM
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Success Flow
UE

RNC

Handover from
UTRAN command

CN

2GMSC

Relocation
required

Prepare handover

Relocation
command

Prepare handover
response

CS Inter-RAT Handover From

UTRAN Required Times

Handover complete
UE

Failure Flow

HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND

CS Inter-RAT Handover From UTRAN

Failure Times, if the handover is failed,
RNC will receive this message

HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE

UTRAN

Inter-RAT CS Outgoing Handover Success

RateUMTS->GSM
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Configuration unsupported caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN

failure rate
Physical channel failure caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN
failure rate
Configuration incomplete caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN
failure rate
Protocol error caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure rate
Cell update occurred caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure
rate
Invalid configuration caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure
rate
No reply caused CS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure rate

Inter-RAT PS Outgoing Handover Success

RateUMTS->GPRS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour. 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise or RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: calculate based on the OMC counters

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the Inter-RAT handover

mobility, the handover is from UMTS system to GPRS system.

Inter-RAT PS Outgoing Handover Success

RateUMTS->GPRS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

PS Inter-RAT Handover Success RateUMTS->GPRS

1PS Inter-RAT Handover From UTRAN Failure Times
/PS Inter-RAT Handover From UTRAN Required Times100%

Inter-RAT PS Outgoing Handover Success

RateUMTS->GPRS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Success Flow
UE
NODEB

RNC

Cell change order from UTRAN

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

3G SGSN

Iu Release
Command

RL Del Req

PS Inter-RAT handover from

UTRAN required Times

RL Del Resp
Iu Release
Complete
UE

PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure

times. If the RNC received this message, or
response message of Iu Release Command is not
received by RNC, it means the PS handover from
UTRAN is failed.

Failure Flow

CELL CHANGE ORDER FROM UTRAN

CELL CHANGE ORDER FROM UTRAN FAILURE

UTRAN

Inter-RAT outgoing PS Handover Success

RateUMTS->GPRS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

configuration unsupported caused PS Inter-RAT handover from

UTRAN failure rate
physical channel failure caused PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN
failure rate
configuration incomplete caused PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN
failure rate
protocol error caused PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure rate
cell update occurred caused PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN
failure rate
invalid configuration caused PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN
failure rate
No reply caused PS Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN failure rate

Inter-RAT Incoming PS Handover Success

RateGPRS->UMTS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise or RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the Inter-RAT handover mobility, the
handover is from GRRS system to UMTS system.

Inter-RAT Incoming PS Handover Success

RateGPRS->UMTS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

PS Inter-RAT Handover to UTRAN Success rateGPRS->UMTS

PS Inter-RAT Handover to UTRAN Success Times
/PS Inter-RAT Handover to UTRAN Attempted Times100%

Inter-RAT Incoming PS Handover Success

Rate (GPRS->UMTS
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

UE

Serving RNC

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

CN

1. UE initiated signaling connection establishment

The flow of PS Inter-RAT

handover to UTRAN is
similar to the PS setup
flow on the UTRAN Side

2. Direct Transfer

3. Radio Access Bearer Establishment

RNC received message RRC Connection Requestfrom UE, the cause is Inter-RAT
cell reselectioncan be used for calculating the PS Inter-RAT handover to UTRAN
required timesRNC received message RRC Connection Complete (From UE) can
be used for calculating the PS Inter-RAT handover to UTRAN success times

CS12.2K Service Access Time

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period:

Statistic Area:

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodDT&CQT

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the integrity of CS 12.2K

service. It is one of the most important indicators of the
customers experience.

CS12.2K Service Access Time

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

CS12.2K Service Access Time

Average TCC Alert)
T RRC Connection Request

Indicator
Extension

CS12.2K Service Access Time

Indicator
Description
UE

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

RNS

CN

Indicator
Extension
Incoming CN

RRC Connection Request

TRRC Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup

RRC Connection Setup Complete

CN Signaling Connection Process

RRC DT(CM Service Request)
Authority and Safe Mode Process
RRC DT(Setup)
RRC DT(Call Proceeding)
RAB Assignment Process

TCC Alert
RRC DT (Alert)
RRC DT(Connect)
RRC DT(Connect ACK)

ISUP IAM
CN Bear Setup Process
ISUP ACM

Service data talking

ISUP ANM

CS64K Service Access Time

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period:

Statistic Area:

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method DT&CQT

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the integrity of CS 64K

service. It is one of the most important indicators of the
customers experience.

CS64K Service Access Time

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

CS64K Service Access Time

Average TRRC Request)
TCM Service Request

Indicator
Extension

CS64K Service Access Time

Indicator
Description
UE

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

RNS

CN

Indicator
Extension
Incoming CN

RRC Connection Request

TRRC Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup

RRC Connection Setup Complete

CN Signaling Connection Process

RRC DT(CM Service Request)
Authority and Safe Mode Process
RRC DT (Setup)
RRC DT (Call Proceeding)
RAB Assignment Process

TCC Alert
RRC DT (Alert)
RRC DT (Connect)
RRC DT (Connect ACK)

ISUP IAM
CN bear setup process
ISUP ACM

Service data talking

ISUP ANM

PS Service Access Time

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period:

Statistic Area:

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method DT&CQT

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the integrity of PS

service. It is one of the most important indicators of the
customers experience.

PS Service Access Time

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

PS Service Access Time

Average T Active PDP Context Accept)
T Activate PDP Context Request

PS Service Access Time

Indicator
Description
UE

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

RNS

Indicator
Extension

CN

Incoming CN

RRC Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup

RRC Connection Setup Complete

Activate PDP
Context
Request

CN Signaling Connection Process

RRC DT(CM Service Request)
Authority and Safe Mode Process
RRC DT (Activate PDP Context Request )
RRC DT (Active PDP Context Accept )

Active PDP
Context Accept

RAB Assignment Process

RRC DT (Alert)
RRC DT (Connect)
RRC DT (Connect ACK)

ISUP IAM
CN bear setup process
ISUP ACM

Service data talking

ISUP ANM

CS Service Traffic Erlang

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the traffic Erlang of the CS conversation
service

CS Service Traffic Erlang

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

CS Call Duration
TimeRadio Link Setup Response
TimeRadio Link Deletion Response

CS Service Traffic ERLTotal CS Call Duration of a Certain Period/3600

CS Service Traffic Erlang

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

CS AMR Voice Service Traffic Erlang

CS Video Phone Service Traffic Erlang

Indicator
Extension

PS Service Throughput
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the total throughput of PS service

PS Service Throughput
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

UL PS Service ThroughputRNC Received Total RLC PDU Bytes

DL PS Service ThroughputRNC Sent Total RLC PDU Bytes
Including user dataRLC head dataretransfer datasignaling dataUnitKbytes

PS Service Throughput
Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

PS I 64/64 UL Throughput
PS I 64/64 UL Throughput
PS B 64/64 UL Throughput
PS B 64/64 UL Throughput
PS S 64/64 UL Throughput
PS S 64/64 UL Throughput

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

UL Interference Load Factor

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: Calculate based on Measurement Report

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the cell average UL load

factor in a defined period, it is calculated based on the RTWP
value on a certain frequency.

UL Interference Load Factor

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

UL Interference Load Factor

UL RTWP measurement valueN0
/UL RTWP measurement value100%

DL Power Load Factor

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: cell-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement Method: Calculate based on Measurement Report

value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the cell average DL load

degree in a defined period, it is calculated based on the base
station Tx power.

DL Power Load Factor

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

DL Power Load Factor

DL Average Transmitting Carrier Power/
Configured DL Maximal Transmitting Carrier Power100%

Trouble Cell Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the rate of dead cells to

total cells, it is an assistant to analyze the QoS of whole network.

Trouble Cell Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Trouble Cell Rate

Trouble Cell Number/ Active Cell Number100%

Trouble Cell is the cell whose call drop rate >a or Radio Access Success rate <b

Busy Cell Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the rate of busy cells to

total cells, it is an assistant to analyze the QoS of whole network.

Busy Cell Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Busy Cell rate

Busy Cell Number/Active Cell Number100

Busy cell is the cell whose DL Power Load factor >c

or Code Resource Occupation Factor >d

Sleeping Cell Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Statistic Period: 15Mins, 30Mins, 1Hour., 1Day

Statistic Area: RNC-wise

Indoor or Outdoor: BOTH

Measurement MethodCalculate based on OMC Counters value

Indicator Meaning: this indicator reflects the rate of idle cells to

total cells, it is an assistant to analyze the QoS of whole network.

Sleeping Cell Rate

Indicator
Description

Indicator
Definition

Signaling Flow

Indicator
Extension

Sleeping Cell rate

Sleeping Cell Number/Active Cell Mumber100%

Sleeping Cell is the cell whose DL power load factor <e

Content

KPI Classification
RAN KPI Definition and Measurement
KPI Optimization
KPI monitor
KPI Case study

EMS KPI Optimization Process

EMS KPI Optimization Process

Key KPIs Worth Your Attention

RRC
Establis
hment
Success
Rate

Cell RAB
Establishme
nt Success
Rate, CS
domain

Cell RAB
Establishme
nt Success
Rate, PS
domain

Cell RAB
Establish
ment
Success
Rate

Radio
Access
Succes
s Rate

Call
Drop
Rate Voice

Cell
PS
Call
Drop
Rate

Cell
Success
Rate of
SHO

Cell Inter-RAT
CS Outgoing
Handover Success
Rate(UMTS>GSM)

Radio Access Success Rate

Radio access success rate = RRC establishment success

rate RAB establishment success rate
This formula indicates that RRC establishment rate and
RAB establishment rate need to be considered in the
background statistics.
RRC establishment success rate = Number of successful
RRC connection setup times of each cell / Number of RRC
connection request times of each cell 100
Note: related with services (RRC connection)
RAB establishment success rate = Number of successful
RAB establishment times / Number of RAB establishment
attempts 100%
RAB establishment success rate is categorized by service.

Access Success Rate Analysis Process

Access Failure Caused by RAB Establishment

Failure

There are two restraints in RAB establishment process.

One is RB establishment which is the UE configuration
process (usually no problems occur in this process); and
the other is radio link re-configuration process in which
NodeB links are configured. Failures often occur in the
latter process. The usual causes for these failures include
radio link re-configuration preparation failure (it occurs
when problems occur in NodeB resources.), and radio link
re-configuration cancellation (it occurs when problems
occur in RNC internal resources or process). Another
factor may also cause RAB failures, that is, when the load
of a cell is relatively heavy, RNC sends out a reject
command via admission control.

Call Drop Optimization

Handover Success Rate Optimization

Factors affecting handover success rate

Handover area is too small, so that UEs have not enough time to
complete handover.
Handover parameters are wrongly set, so that neighbor cells
cannot be added or deleted timely, or causing ping-pong handover.
Neighbor cells are not configured. This may cause damage to the
network, not only directly causing call drop, but also brings extra
interference towards the network.

Content

KPI Classification
RAN KPI Definition and Measurement
KPI Optimization
KPI monitor
KPI Case study

Resource KPI monitor

One reason for resource limitation is number of 3G user increase, and

operator changing fee decrease also lead to the increase of average
erlang. The other reason is the strategy for design is focus on user
feeling and KPI but not system capacity. For example HK user average
Erl cold be up to 0.5E.

Resource KPI monitor

Single user erlang could be 0.45erl on BH

Resource KPI monitor

Resource KPI and threshold.

Resource KPI mainly include DL power, UL capacity, code resource
and CE resource.
Resource Type KPI id and name

threshold

C301320150 Number of rejected services,DCH downlink TCP limit 50

TCP

UL Traffic

Code

CE

PI30167 Average non-HSDPA TCP

40%

PI30092 Maximum Cell TCP (%)

100%

PI30093 Average Cell TCP

70%

PI30029 Handover Blocking Rate

0.5%

KPI RTWPin busy hour

-98dBm

C301320153 Number of rejected services, DCH no code

50

PI30205 Average Cell HSUPA Users

12

PI30172 Cell Average HSDPA Users

16

PI301830006 Maximum use Ratio of Uplink NodeB CE

60%

PI301830010 Maximum use Ratio of Downlink NodeB CE

60%

Resource KPI monitor

Related KPI

DL power monitor

RNC TCP limitation with CS call drop

2009-06-09
00:00:00
01:00:00
02:00:00
03:00:00
04:00:00
05:00:00
06:00:00
07:00:00
08:00:00
09:00:00
10:00:00
11:00:00
12:00:00
13:00:00
14:00:00
15:00:00
16:00:00
17:00:00
18:00:00
19:00:00
20:00:00
21:00:00
22:00:00
23:00:00

RNC Call Drop Rate,CS Traffic Volume, CS AMR(Erl) Number of rejected services,DCH downlink TCP limit
01:00:00
1.24%
851.54
56
02:00:00
1.07%
481.2097
22
03:00:00
1.09%
253.1742
12
04:00:00
0.70%
134.0175
5
05:00:00
0.61%
84.9817
11
06:00:00
0.54%
66.0458
11
07:00:00
0.64%
102.6633
31
08:00:00
1.06%
259.94
235
09:00:00
1.31%
658.3644
2262
10:00:00
1.11%
1242.4528
1875
11:00:00
0.91%
1798.6944
3261
12:00:00
1.04%
2266.3008
7064
13:00:00
1.09%
2629.905
8398
14:00:00
0.99%
2488.7411
3719
15:00:00
1.05%
2494.8219
7936
16:00:00
1.05%
2598.1903
10515
17:00:00
1.16%
2762.4531
11489
18:00:00
1.20%
2930.3844
9926
19:00:00
1.45%
3336.4133
22875
20:00:00
1.29%
2674.1925
5196
21:00:00
1.04%
1946.7989
1288
22:00:00
1.13%
1858.4106
616
23:00:00
1.32%
1818.2567
575
00:00:00
1.35%
1445.835
216

DL power monitor

Modify reserve HSDPA power according to system algorithm.

MinHsdpaPowerMinHspaPwrRto+NoHsPower >Node B
admission thresholdMinHsdpaPower stands for HSDPA reserved
power DL congestion control will start (downgrade DL DCH rate)
MinHspaPwrRto default value is 20%.
Number of rejected services,Handover
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
-500

0:0 1:0 2:0 3:0 4:0 5:0 6:0 7:0 8:0 9:0 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 20: 21: 22: 23:
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

2009-6-12 6

2 22 99 556649108471821954108121201760 66 9 19 13

2009-6-17 0

6 28 113187252 95 214261285367643 86 10 11 4

DL power monitor

Because high load cell often be with high admission failure, normally
we should fast downgrade to release radio resource ASAP. Avoid
handover user could not handover in the cell then call dropped.(this
action is only take effect in cell with much more PS users, if all users in
the cell is in CS service. It will not take effect).
Abbreviated
Name
UlDnMaxStg
DlDnMaxStg

Parameter name
Maximum Number of Degraded Uplink
Load Steps Every Time
Maximum Number of Degraded Downlink
Load Steps Every Time

Range and Current

Step
Value

Update
value

[1, 8]

[1, 8]

remark
Downgrade from
384kbps to 16kbps
Downgrade from
384kbps to 8kbps

DL power monitor

Through decrease DL Eb/No could lead to reduced congestion. While

we need detailed evaluation to avoid some other bad effect. Table
showed record for the modification, and can be consider as the
reference. ZTE engineering experience showed downgrade Eb/No for
13.6K signaling channel could reduce TCP limitation effectively, while
the performance of access will not be affect so much.

Abbreviated
Name
DlEbNo

Parameter Current Update

Modify
remark
name
Value value
purpose
Downlink
B class parameterservice related parameter, Reduce TCP
7.5
5.1
Traffic Eb/No
modify 13.6K signaling only (service class 5)
Limit

UL capacity monitor

Call drop rate increasing not means UL capacity limitation, but call
drop increasing is the most common scene for limitation. Because call
drop rate is most cared KPI, and be observed every day.

7.00%
6.00%
5.00%
4.00%
3.00%
2.00%
1.00%

Cell Call Drop Rate,CS1

Cell Call Drop Rate,CS2

23:00:00

22:00:00

21:00:00

20:00:00

19:00:00

18:00:00

17:00:00

16:00:00

15:00:00

14:00:00

13:00:00

12:00:00

11:00:00

10:00:00

9:00:00

8:00:00

7:00:00

6:00:00

5:00:00

4:00:00

3:00:00

2:00:00

1:00:00

0:00:00

0.00%

UL capacity monitor

RTWP increasing is the most directly representation for UL limitation,

while sometimes reason for RTWP increasing could be external
interference. And its hard to eliminate this reason.

110
105
100
95
90
85
80

Maximum RTWP(dBm)1

Maximum RTWP(dBm)2

23:00:00

22:00:00

21:00:00

20:00:00

19:00:00

18:00:00

17:00:00

16:00:00

15:00:00

14:00:00

13:00:00

12:00:00

11:00:00

10:00:00

9:00:00

8:00:00

7:00:00

6:00:00

5:00:00

4:00:00

3:00:00

2:00:00

1:00:00

0:00:00

75

UL capacity monitor

Erlang is determining factor for UL limitation either. There are many

factors related to the erlang of a cell. Normally we should care for cell
capacity, if erlang in a cell exceed 20 erlang in BH.

30
25
20
15
10
5

Cell Traffic Volume, CS(Erl)1

Cell Traffic Volume, CS(Erl)2

23:00:00

22:00:00

21:00:00

20:00:00

19:00:00

18:00:00

17:00:00

16:00:00

15:00:00

14:00:00

13:00:00

12:00:00

11:00:00

10:00:00

9:00:00

8:00:00

7:00:00

6:00:00

5:00:00

4:00:00

3:00:00

2:00:00

1:00:00

0:00:00

UL capacity monitor

UL Power control parameter modification. The quality of users will be

down as a consequent of capacity increasing. Optimization will do
trade-off between capacity and quality.

Abbreviated
Name

Parameter meaning

Modification object

Uplink 3.4k/13.6k SignalingUplink

12.2k AMR
Maximum Uplink SIR target
Uplink 3.4k/13.6k SignalingUplink
ULMAXSIR
(dB)
12.2k AMR
B class
BLER Period Factor / Tolerance Uplink 3.4k/13.6k SignalingUplink
parameter
BLER Period
12.2k AMR
Uplink SIR Target Down Step Uplink 3.4k/13.6k SignalingUplink
UlSirTargDnStep
Size (dB)
12.2k AMR
ULINITSIR

Uplink Initial SIR target (dB)

Current
Value

new
value

effect

4-5

3.5

Obviously

15

10

Obviously

2/250

1/70

Obviously

0.1

0.2

A few
improvement

UL capacity monitor

Through UL power control parameter optimization we can improve

RTWP increasing, but some cells will be in trouble for user increasing.
And further modification to SIRtarget will affect subscriber feeling. For
this case ZTE suggest to define another set of power control
parameter which is special for these high load cells. The following
table is comparison of parameters for special site and parameters for
normal site.
SRVTYPE

ULINITSIR

ULMAXSIR

ULMINSIR

3.5->1.5

10.0->3.5

2.0->1.0

104

4.0->2.0

15.0->5.0

0.5->0

28

3.5->1.5

10.0->3.5

0.5->0

50

6.0->2.0

15.0->5.0

2.0->0

54

6.0->2.0

15.0->5.0

2.0->0

Code resource monitor

Through observing "Number of rejected services, DCH no code

we could know cell is in code limitation. Also average code
resource usage and HSDPA user number could be factor for
determination and optimization. We could modify the code
allocation to reduce code limitation.
OcuRateNoHspdsch+OcuRateHspdsch+DpchCodeHy+32<=512
formula 1
OcuRateNoHspdsch+OcuRateHspdsch+CodeUptHyA>512
formula 2

OcuRateHspdsch is the number of code (SF=512) which is blocked by the

code occupied by HS-PDSCH channel.
OcuRateNoHspdsch is the number of code (SF=512) which is blocked by
the code occupied by not HS-PDSCH channel.
DpchCodeHy is the number of code (SF=512) reserved for DPCH channel.
CodeUptHyA is the threshold to determine if we need decrease HS-PDSCH
channel number.

When formula1 is fulfilled NO. of HS-PDSCH +1.

When formula 2 is fulfilled NO. of HS-PDSCH -1.

Code resource monitor

To assure R99 user accessibility, the modification is apply.

Abbreviated
Name

Parameter
name

Range
Current Update
remark
and Step Value value

DpchCodeHy

DPCH Code
0..512
Hysteresis

16

28

To decrease the number of

rejected services for DCH no code

CodeUptHyA

Code Update
0..512
Hysteresis A

16

28

To decrease the number of

rejected services for DCH no code

Content

KPI Classification
RAN KPI Definition and Measurement
KPI Optimization
KPI monitor
KPI Case study

Case 1: TCP Congestion at Victory Park

Background

Victory Park more than

100,000 People Gathering
Time is 20:00 June 4th

KPI Indication

Performance deteriorate for

site VPK at Victory Park
Call Drop Rate Increase
Site VPK Transmission
Code Power Congestion

Case 1:Call Drop Rate & Number is high in

VPK

Case 1:VPK Radio Access Rate and Rejected

Services by TCP limit

Case 2: Wrong LAC Configuration

After the configuration data check, we found that there are

several cells with a wrong LAC configuration.
We need KPI monitor tools to give us an evidence.
Use SAY Site as an example:

Number of attempted RRC Establishment is more than 100,000

times while only around 6,000 times for services.

Case 3High Call Drop Rate Due To The

NSN Sites Interference

Background

After the KPI monitoring, we found the drop rate around

Convention and Exhibition Center is quite high.

After the drive test and KPI analysis, we found the reason
is that the NSN LUR site F1 is still open.
After the site is turned off on 12th May the call drop rate
decreased.

Case 3High Call Drop Rate Due To The

NSN Sites Interference

Case 4: High Call Drop Rate due to Power Alarm

Site CTW has very high call drop rate.

After checking the Fault management Alarm, there are a
lot of board reboots alarm.
After checking the NodeB, the reason for this alarm is nonsufficient power supply due to GSM, UMTS and NSN BTS
in very narrow space with a temporary power solution.
Three times Node B is out of service(198083023) during
15:00 to 16:00 on June 11th.

Case 4: High Call Drop Rate due to Power Alarm

Case 4: High Call Drop Rate due to Power Alarm

Case 5: Iub E1/T1 Bandwidth Limitation

Background:

KPI Indication:

Cell RAB establishment success rate decreased a lot.

Analysis

After 80% NSN UMTS users are cut into the network on may 11th,
subscriber number increased a lot

Capacity related.
After checking the related configuration, Iub interface E1/T1
bandwidth limitation is a key reason for the problem.

Solution:

Decrease some of the cells Pilot Channel Power

Increase Iub interface bandwidth

Case 5: Iub E1/T1 Bandwidth Limitation