OWO113040 WCDMA RAN11 Load Control Algorithm and Parameters ISSUE1.01

WCDMA Load Control
Algorithm and
Parameters
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword
The WCDMA system is a self-interfering system, so the

capacity, coverage, and QoS are mutually affected
The target of load control is to maximize the system

capacity while ensuring coverage and QoS, and provide
differentiated services for users
Page2
References
3GPP TS 25.133: Requirements for Support of Radio Resource

Management (FDD)
3GPP TS 25.215: Physical Layer - Measurements (FDD)
3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for

Cell Reselection in Connected Mode
3GPP TS 25.321: Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol

Specification
3GPP TS 25.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC)
3GPP TS 25.413: UTRAN Iu Interface RANAP Signaling
Page3
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Outline the principle of load control
Describe the realization method of load control
Perform the parameter adjustment of load control
Page4
Contents
1. Load Control Overview
2. Load Control Algorithms
Page5
Contents
1.1 Load Control Algorithms Overview
1.2 Load Measurement
1.3 Priorities Involved in Load Control
Page6
Load Definition
Load: the occupancy of capacity
Two kinds of capacity in WCDMA system:
Hard capacity:
Cell DL OVSF code
Iub transport resource
NodeB processing capability (NodeB credit)
Soft capacity:
Cell power (UL and DL)
Page7
Load Control Algorithms
The load control algorithms are applied to the different UE

access phases as follows:
PUC: Potential User Control
CAC: Call Admission Control
IAC: Intelligent Access Control LDB : Intra-frequency Load Balancing
LDR: Load Reshuffling
OLC: Overload Control
Page8
Load Control Algorithms (Cont.)
Resources considered by different load control algorithms:
Load Control Algorithm
Resources
Power
Code
NodeB Credits
Iub Bandwidth
PUC
IAC
CAC
LDB
LDR
OLC
: not considered; : considered
Page9
Contents
Page10
Load Measurement
Load control function in the WCDMA system:
Page11
Load Measurement Quantities
The major load-related measurement quantities are as follows:
Uplink Received Total Wideband Power (RTWP)
Downlink Transmitted Carrier Power (TCP)
Non-HSPA power: TCP excluding the power used for transmission on

HSPA channels
Provided Bit Rate (PBR) on HS-DSCH
PBR on E-DCH
Power Requirement for GBR (GBP) on HS-DSCH: minimum power

required to ensure the GBR on HS-DSCH
Received Scheduled E-DCH Power Share (RSEPS): power of the EDCH scheduling service
Page12
Load Measurement Procedure
Page13
Load Measurement Procedure (Cont.)
Layer 3 filtering on the NodeB side:

Parameters
Layer 1
filtering
Layer 3
filtering
Parameters
D
Measurement
evaluation
A is the sampling value of the measurement
B is the measurement value after layer 1 filtering
C is the measurement value after layer 3 filtering
C' is another measurement value (if any) for measurement evaluation
D is the reported measurement value after measurement evaluation on the

conditions of periodic measurement and event-triggered measurement
Page14
Load Measurement Procedure (Cont.)
Smooth filtering on the RNC side:
After the RNC receives the measurement report, it filters the

measurement value with the smooth window
Assuming that the reported measurement value is Qn and that

the size of the smooth window is N, the filtered measurement
value is:
Page16
Contents
Page17
Priority
The QoS of the services or users with low priority will be

affected by the load control algorithms first
Three kinds of priorities involved in load control:
User priority
RAB integrated priority
User integrated priority
Page18
User Priority
There are three levels of user priority:
gold (high priority), silver (middle priority) and copper (low

priority) users
User priority
Gold
Silver
Copper
Uplink
384kbps
128kbps
64kbps
Downlink
384kbps
128kbps
64kbps
Page19
gold
user
User Priority (Cont.)
The mapping relation between user priority and ARP is

configured in RNC by SET USERPRIORITY
Typical relation between user priority and ARP:
ARP
User
Priority
Gold
10 11 12 13 14 15
Silver
Copper
Page20
RAB Integrated Priority
RAB integrated priority is mainly used in load control

algorithms
RAB integrated priority are set according to :
ARP
Traffic Class
Traffic Handling Priority (THP, only for interactive services)
Carrier types: HSPA or DCH
Page21
An Example for RAB Integrated Priority

Based on ARP, HSPA priority is higher
Service
ARP Traffic Class
ID
Services attribution in the cell
Service
ARP
ID
Interactive
HSDPA
Interactive
DCH
Bear
type
Conversational
DCH
Background
DCH
Interactive
DCH
Interactive
HSDPA
Conversational
DCH
Traffic Class
Bear
type
Background
DCH
Based on Traffic Class, HSPA priority is higher

Service
ID
Traffic Class
ARP
Bear
type
Conversational
DCH
Interactive
HSDPA
Interactive
DCH
Background
DCH
Page23
User Integrated Priority
For single-RAB user, the user integrated priority is the same

as the RAB integrated priority
For multiple-RAB user, the user integrated priority is based

on the highest priority of RAB
Page24
Parameters of Priority
PriorityReference
Parameter name: Integrate Priority Configured Reference
Recommended value: ARP
CarrierTypePriorInd
Parameter name: Indicator of Carrier Type Priority
Recommended value: NONE
Page25
Contents
2.1 PUC (Potential User Control)
2.2 LDB (Intra-Frequency Load Balancing)
2.3 CAC (Call Admission Control)
2.4 IAC (Intelligent Access Control)
2.5 LDR (Load Reshuffling)
2.6 OLC (Overload Control)
Page26
PUC Principle
The Potential User Control (PUC) algorithm only controls

the Inter-frequency cell reselection of the potential UE, and
prevents UE from camping on a heavily loaded cell
Potential UE:
UE in idle mode
UE in Cell-FACH, Cell-PCH and URA-PCH
Page27
PUC Load Judgment
Page28
PUC Procedure
Threshold
Cell TCP
Heavy?
Light?
Normal?
RNC
cell reselection
parameters
System
information
NodeB
UE
Page29
PUC Procedure (Cont.)

Normal load
Light load
Freq1
Modify
System Info
SIB3,11
1. Sintersearch
2. Qoffset
Stay
System Info
SIB3,11
Heavy load
Freq2
Modify
1. Sintersearch
2. Qoffset
System Info
SIB3,11
Idle state
CCH state
Page30
Parameters of PUC
NBMLdcAlgoSwitch-PUC
Parameter name: Cell LDC algorithm switch for PUC
Recommended value: OFF
SpucHeavy
Parameter name: Load level division threshold 1
Recommended value: 70, namely 70%
SpucLight
Parameter name: Load level division threshold 2
Page32
Parameters of PUC (Cont.)
SpucHyst
Parameter name: Load level division hysteresis
PucPeriodTimerLen
Parameter name: PUC period timer length
Recommended value: 1800, namely 1800s
Page33
OffSinterLight
Parameter name: Sintersearch offset 1
Recommended value: -2, namely -4dB
OffSinterHeavy
Parameter name: Sintersearch offset 2
Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB
Page34
OffQoffset1Light (for RSCP)
Parameter name: Qoffset1 offset 1
OffQoffset1Heavy (for RSCP)
Page35
OffQoffset2Light (for Ec/No)
OffQoffset2Heavy (for Ec/No)
Recommended value: 4 namely 4dB
Page36
Contents
Page37
LDB Principle
Intra-frequency Load Balancing (LDB) is performed to adjust

the coverage areas of cells by modifying PCPICH power
LDB affect UEs in all states
Page38
LDB Procedure
Page39
Parameters of LDB
NBMLdcAlgoSwitch-INTRA_FREQUENCY_LDB
Parameter name: Cell LDC algorithm switch for LDB
IntraFreqLdbPeriodTimerLen
Parameter name: Intra-frequency LDB period timer length
Page40
Parameters of LDB (Cont.)
CellOverrunThd
Parameter name: Cell overload threshold
CellUnderrunThd
Parameter name: Cell underload threshold
PCPICHPowerPace
Parameter name: Pilot power adjustment step
Recommended value: 2, namely 0.2dB
Page41
Parameters of LDB (Cont.)
PCPICHPower
Parameter name: PCPICH transmit power
Recommended value: 330, namely 33dBm
MaxPCPICHPower
Parameter name: Max transmit power of PCPICH
Recommended value: 346, namely 34.6dBm
MinPCPICHPower
Parameter name: Min transmit power of PCPICH
Recommended value: 313, namely 31.3dBm
Page42
Contents
Page43
Why We Need CAC?
WCDMA is an interference limited system, after a new

service is admitted, the system load will be increased
If a cell is high loaded, a new service will affect the QoS of

ongoing user, even result in call drop
CAC is used to determine whether the system resources

are sufficient to accept a new user's access request or not
Page44
CAC Procedure
Admission request
Code-based
admission successful?
No
Yes
Power-based
No
Yes
NodeB credit-based
No
Yes
Iub resource-based
No
Yes
Admission based on
the number of HSPA users
successful?
No
Yes
Resource-based admission
successful
Resource-based admission
unsuccessful
Page45
CAC Algorithm Switches
Power CAC
Uplink CAC algorithm switch: ALGORITHM_SECOND
Downlink CAC algorithm switch: ALGORITHM_FIRST
NodeB credit CAC
CAC algorithm switch: ON
Cell CAC algorithm switch-CRD_ADCTRL: ON
HSDPA user number CAC
Cell CAC algorithm switch-HSDPA_UU_ADCTRL: OFF
HSUPA user number CAC
Cell CAC algorithm switch-HSUPA_UU_ADCTRL: OFF
Page46
Code CAC
Code resource CAC is involved in:
RRC connection setup
Handover
R99 services setup
RRC connection setup and handover have higher priority
Page47
Parameter of Code CAC
DlHoCeCodeResvSf
Parameter name: DL handover credit and code reserved SF
Recommended value: SF32
Page48
Power CAC
Power resource CAC is involved in:
Handover
Services setup
Page49
Power CAC Procedure

Request initiation
Uplink call
admission decision
Admitted?
No
Yes
Downlink call
admission desicion
No
Admitted?
Yes
Request accepted
Request rejected
Page50
Power CAC Algorithms
Algorithm 1: based on UL/DL load measurement and load

prediction (RTWP and TCP)
Algorithm 2: based on Equivalent Number of User (ENU)
Algorithm 3: loose call admission control algorithm
Page51
Power CAC for RRC Connection Setup
For the RRC connection request is, tolerance principles are

applied :
Emergency call, detach, registration:
Direct admission
RRC connection request for other reasons:
Based on UL/DL OLC switches and trigger threshold
Page52
Power CAC Algorithm 1
Power-based admission decision based on algorithm 1

consists of uplink power-based admission decision and
downlink power-based admission decision procedures:
Uplink admission decision:
R99 cell
HSPA cell
Downlink admission decision:
R99 cell
HSPA cell
Page53
Algorithm 1 - Uplink for R99 Cell
Page54
Parameters of Power CAC
UlCCHLoadFactor
Parameter name: UL common channel load reserved

coefficient
UlNonCtrlThdForHo/UlNonCtrlThdForAMR/UlNonCtrlTh
dForNonAMR/UlNonCtrlThdForOther
Parameter name: UL threshold of handover/Conv AMR/Conv

non_AMR/other service
Recommended value: 80%, 75%, 75%, 60%
Page55
Algorithm 1 - Uplink for HSPA Cell
After the RSEPS

measurement is introduced,
the UL RTWP is divided into

two parts: controllable part
and uncontrollable part
The controllable part is

generated by the E-DCH
scheduling service, and
others belong to the
uncontrollable part
Page56

(Cont.)
Admission of DCH service is based on the following

formulas:
If formulas 1 and 2 are fulfilled, the RNC admits DCH

service. Otherwise, the RNC rejects the access request
Page57
Parameters of Power CAC (Cont.)
UlHsDpcchRsvdFactor
Parameter name: UL HS-DPCCH reserve factor
UlCellTotalThd
Parameter name: UL total power threshold
Page58

(Cont.)
PBR-based application in HSUPA cell
Page59

(Cont.)
The RNC admits the HSUPA scheduling services in either

of the following cases:
Formula 3, 4, or 5 is fulfilled
Formula 2 is fulfilled
For HSUPA non-scheduling services, the RNC admits the

HSUPA non-scheduling services in either of the following
cases:
Formula 3, 4, or 5 is fulfilled
Formulas 1 and 2 are fulfilled
Page60
HsupaLowPriorityUserPBRThd/HsupaEqualPriorityUser
PBRThdHsupaHighPriorityUserPBRThd
Parameter name: Low/Equal/High priority HSUPA user PBR

threshold
Recommended value: 100%, 100%, 100%
Page61
Algorithm 1 - Downlink for R99 Cell
Page62
DlCCHLoadRsrvCoeff
Parameter name: DL common channel load reserved

coefficient
DlHOThd/DlConvAMRThd/DlConvNonAMRThd/DlOtherT
hd
Parameter name: DL threshold of handover/Conv AMR/Conv

non_AMR/other service
Recommended value: 85%, 80%, 80%, 75%
Page63
Algorithm 1 - Downlink for HSPA Cell
Admission of DCH service is based on the following

formulas:
The RNC admits the DCH RAB in either of the following

situations:
Page64
DlCellTotalThd
Parameter name: DL total power threshold
DlHSUPARsvdFactor
Parameter name: DL HSUPA reserved factor
Page65

(Cont.)
When the admission of the HSDPA RAB is implemented,

the following formulas apply:
Page66

(Cont.)
The RNC admits the HSDPA streaming RAB in any of the

following situations:
The RNC admits the HSDPA BE RAB in any of the following

situations:
Page67
HsdpaStrmPBRThd
Parameter name: HSDPA streaming PBR threshold
HsdpaBePBRThd
Parameter name: HSDPA best effort PBR threshold
Page68
When the CAC function uses algorithm 2, the admission of

uplink/downlink power resources uses the algorithm
depending on the Equivalent Number of Users (ENU)
The 12.2 kbit/s AMR traffic is defined as one ENU. Thus,

the 12.2 kbit/s AMR traffic can be used to calculate the ENU
of all other services
Page69
Power CAC Algorithm 2 Procedure

Admission request
N
ENU total ( N ) ENU i
Get current total ENU
i 1
Get the traffic characteristic, and

estimate the increment of ENU
ENU new
ENU total ( N 1) ENU total ( N ) ENU new
Calculate the predicted ENU
Smaller than
the threshold?
admitted
ENULoad ENU total ( N 1) / ENU max
rejected
End of UL/DL CAC

Page70
UlTotalEqUserNum
Parameter name: UL total equivalent user number
Recommended value: 80
DlTotalEqUserNum
Parameter name: DL total equivalent user number
Page71
Algorithm 3 is similar to algorithm 1. The difference is that

the estimated load increment in algorithm 3 is always set to
0
In accordance with the current cell load (uplink load factor

and downlink TCP), the RNC determines whether the cell
load will exceed the threshold, with the estimated load
increment set to 0. If yes, the RNC rejects the request. If not,
the RNC accepts the request
Page72
NodeB Credit CAC
CE is used to measure the channel demodulation capability

of the NodeBs. On the RNC side, it is referred to the NodeB
credit. On the NodeB side, it is the channel element
The resource of one equivalent 12.2 kbit/s AMR voice

service, including 3.4 kbit/s signaling, is defined as one CE
There are two kinds of CE, that is, uplink CE supporting

uplink services and downlink CE supporting downlink
services. Therefore, one 12.2 kbit/s AMR voice service
consumes one uplink CE and one downlink CE
Page73
NodeB Credit CAC (Cont.)
NodeB credit CAC is involved in:
Handover
Services setup
Page75
Parameter of NodeB Credit CAC
UlHoCeResvSf
Parameter name: UL handover credit reserved SF
DlHoCeCodeResvSf
Parameter name: DL handover credit and code reserved SF
HsupaCeConsumeSelection
Parameter name: HSUPA Credit Consume Type
Recommended value: MBR
Page76
Iub Resource CAC
Iub overbooking
The Iub overbooking feature considers the statistic multiplexing

of service activities and multiple users
Through the admission of more users, Iub overbooking

increases the resource utilization on the Iub interface
Page77
Iub Resource CAC (Cont.)
Activity factor
RT services, including conversational and streaming services,

are admitted at the Maximum Bit Rate (MBR):
Admission bandwidth = MBR x activity factor
NRT services, including interactive and background services,

are admitted at the GBR:
Admission bandwidth = GBR x activity factor
Page78
Iub Resource CAC Procedure
For handover of a user, the following requirements apply:
Load of the path + Bandwidth required by the user < Total

configured bandwidth of the path
For a new user, the following requirements apply:

configured bandwidth of the path - Bandwidth reserved for
handover
For rate upsizing of a user, the following requirements apply:

configured bandwidth of the path - Congestion threshold
Page79
Parameters of Iub Resource CAC
FWDHORSVBW/BWDHORSVBW
Parameter name: Forward/Backward handover reserved bandwidth
Recommended value: 0, namely 0Kbit/s
FWDCONGBW/BWDCONGBW
Parameter name: Forward/Backward congestion threshold
FWDCONGCLRBW/BWDCONGCLRBW
Parameter name: Forward/Backward congestion clear threshold
Page81
HSPA User Number CAC
HSPA user number CAC is involved in:
Cell level
Maximum number of HSPA users in a cell
NodeB level
Maximum number of HSPA users in all the cells configured in one

NodeB
Page82
Parameters of HSPA User Number

CAC
MaxHsdpaUserNum
Parameter name: Maximum HSDPA user number
NodeBHsdpaMaxUserNum
Parameter name: NodeB Max HSDPA User Number
Page83
Parameters of HSPA User Number

CAC (Cont.)
MaxHsupaUserNum
Parameter name: Maximum HSUPA user number
NodeBHsupaMaxUserNum
Parameter name: NodeB Max HSUPA User Number
Page84
Contents
Page85
Why we need IAC?
The disadvantages of CAC:
For PS NRT (Non-Real Time) services, CAC is not flexible
No consideration about the priority of different users
No consideration about Directed Retry after CAC rejection
Intelligent means the algorithm can increase admission

successful rate
Page86
IAC Procedure
RRC connection processing
Access from another cell
RRC
connection
request
Servicebased RRC
redirection
Admission
algorithm
Access from
current cell
Fails
DRD
Succeeds
Fails
RAB processing
Lead UE to
the inter-RAT cell
Is there any
inter-frequency cell
not tried?
Fails
Lead UE to
another cell
Succeeds
RAB setup request

Yes
Redirection
No
Succeeds
Fails
Inter-RAT
DRD
Inter-frequency
DRD algorithm
Service steering
DRD
Load balancing
DRD
Target cell
selected
Rate
negotiation
Admission
algorithm
PS domain:
maximum rate
Code
admission
PS and CS
domains:
initial rate
Succeeds
Power
admission
Credit
admission
PS domain:
GBR of PS
RT service
Iub resource
admission
Target Rate
Negotiation
HSPA user
number admission
Fails or not supported

Succeeds
Preemption

Succeeds
Queuing

Succeeds
Low-rate
access
Succeeds
Service request
accepted
Service request
denied
Page87
IAC - RRC Connection Setup

UE
RNC
1. RRC CONNECTION REQUEST
No
Is the switch of
RRC redirection for service
steering ON?
Yes
May the UE
accesses the network from
the current cell?
No
Yes
Does the resource

request succeed?
Yes
No
Yes
Is any candidate
cell available?
No
RRC redirection
RRC DRD and redirection
2. RRC CONNECTION REJECT
2. RRC CONNECTION SETUP

3. RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE
Page89
RRC Redirection for Service Steering
During the RRC connection setup, the RNC implements

service steering between inter-frequency or inter-RAT cells
according to the cause of RRC connection setup. In addition,
the RNC considers the load of the cell for access and the
redirection factors to control the degree of load balancing
Algorithm switch: DrSwitch-DR_ RRC_DRD_SWITCH
Triggering factor: RedirFactorOfNorm or RedirFactorOfLDR
Target cell: RedirSwitch
Page90
Parameters of IAC
DrSwitch-DR_ RRC_DRD_SWITCH
Parameter name: DRD switch for RRC connection
Recommended value: ON
RedirSwitch
Parameter name: Redirection Switch
RedirFactorOfNorm/RedirFactorOfLDR
Parameter name: Redirection Factor Of Normal/LDR
Recommended value: 0, 100
Page91
RRC DRD
Algorithm switch: DrSwitch-DR_ RRC_DRD_SWITCH
Target cell: intra-band inter-frequency neighboring cells,

which quality is large than threshold:
Page92
Parameters of IAC (Cont.)
DRDEcN0Threshhold
Parameter name: Drd Ec/N0 threshold
Page93
RRC Redirection after DRD Failure
Algorithm switch:
DrSwitch-DR_ RRC_DRD_SWITCH
ConnectFailRrcRedirSwitch
Target cell: intra-band inter-frequency neighboring cells or
inter-RAT neighboring cells
Page94
ConnectFailRrcRedirSwitch
Parameter name: RRC redirect switch
Recommended value: Only_To_Inter_Frequency
Page95
IAC - RAB DRD
The basic procedure of RAB DRD is as follows:
The RNC performs inter-frequency DRD. According to the

purposes of directed retry, Inter-frequency DRD is of the
following types:
Inter-frequency DRD for service steering
Inter-frequency DRD for load balancing
If all admission attempts of inter-frequency DRD fail, the RNC

performs an inter-RAT DRD
If all admission attempts of inter-RAT DRD fail, the RNC

selects a suitable cell to perform preemption and queuing
Page96
Inter-Frequency DRD for Service

Steering
Page97
Inter-Frequency DRD for Service

Steering (Cont.)
Cell service priorities refer to the priorities of cells under the

same coverage accepting specific service types. These
priorities help achieve traffic absorption in a hierarchical way
Service
Priority
Group
Identity
Service
Priority of
R99 RT
Service
Service
Priority of
R99 NRT
Service
Service
Priority of
HSPA
Service
Service
Priority of
Other
Service
Cell
Cell
Service priority group identity
Cell B
Cell A
RT service
Page98
ServiceDiffDrdSwitch
Parameter name: Service differential drd switch
SpgId
Parameter name: Service priority group Identity
PriorityServiceForR99RT/R99NRT/HSPA/ExtRab
Parameter name: Service priority of R99 RT/R99

NRT/HSPA/Other service
Recommended value: 1, 1, 1, 1
Page99
Inter-Frequency DRD for Load

Balancing
Load balancing considers two resources, power and code:
The availability of power-based DRD for load balancing for

DCH service is specified by the LdbDRDSwitchDCH parameter
The availability of power-based DRD for load balancing for

HSDPA service is specified by the LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA
parameter
The availability of code-based DRD for load balancing is

specified by the CodeBalancingDrdSwitch parameter
Page100
LdbDRDSwitchDCH
Parameter name: Load balance DRD switch for DCH
LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA
Parameter name: Load balance DRD switch for HSDPA
CodeBalancingDrdSwitch
Parameter name: Code balance drd switch
Page101
Power-Based DRD for Load Balancing
Two algorithms are available for power-based load balancing:
Algorithm 1: DL non-HSDPA power and DL HS-DSCH GBP
Algorithm 2: DCH ENU and HSDPA ENU

Cell B
Cell A
Load
DCH service
HSDPA service
Load of HS-DSCH GBP

Load of non-HSDPA power
Cell B has a lighter load of non-HSDPA power than cell A. If the UE requests a DCH
service in cell A, preferably, the RNC selects cell B for the UE to access
Cell A has a lighter load of HS-DSCH GBP than cell B. If the UE requests an HSDPA
service in cell B, preferably, the RNC selects cell A for the UE to access
Page102
LdbDRDchoice
Parameter name: Load balance DRD choice
Recommended value: UserNumber, namely Alogrithm 2
Page103

(Cont.)
Receive a
service request
Does power of the current cell

meet DRD condition 1?
Yes
No
Does power of a
neighboring cell meet DRD
condition 2?
HSPA falls
back to DCH
No
Yes
No
Are there multiple

such cells available?
Yes
Select the cell meeting

the DRD conditions as
the target cell
Yes
Is the request
an HSPA one?
Select the cell with the

lightest power load as
the target cell
No
Yes
Are all
candidate cells
tried?
No
No
Initiate an interRAT DRD
CAC
successful?
Yes
Initiate a blind
handover
Page104
Select the
current cell as
the target cell

(Cont.)
DRD condition 1:
For algorithm 1:
For DCH bearer:
Thd
AMR , cutcell
Pnon H , cutcell Thd non H
For HSDPA bearer:
Thd
total , cutcell
PGBP ,cutcell Thd H
For algorithm 2:
For DCH bearer:
Thd
AMR , cutcell
For HSDPA bearer:
Thd
H ue ,cutcell
PD ENU ,cutcell Thd non H

PH ue,cutcell / Thd H ue,cutcell Thd H
Page106
Recommended values for power-based DRD condition 1:

Parameter
Recommended
value
Parameter name
DlConvAMRThd
DL threshold of Conv AMR

service
80%
LdbDRDLoadRemain
ThdDCH
Dl load balance DRD power

remain threshold for DCH
35%
DlCellTotalThd
DL total power threshold
90%
LdbDRDLoadRemain
ThdHSDPA
Dl load balance DRD power

remain threshold for HSDPA
100%
MaxHsdpaUserNum
Maximum HSDPA user number 64
Page107

(Cont.)
DRD condition 2:
Algorithm
Bearer
DCH
Algorithm 1
HSDPA
DCH
Algorithm 2
HSDPA
Formula
Thd
Thd
Thd
Thd
total , cutcell
Pload ,cutcell Thdtotal , nbcell Pload , nbcell Thd total ,loadoffset
Thd
AMR , nbcell
PD enu , nbcell Thd AMR,cutcell PD enu ,cutcell Thd D ,loadoffset
AMR , nbcell
Thd
Pnon H , nbcell Thd AMR ,cutcell Pnon H ,cutcell Thd D ,loadoffset
total , cutcell
Pload ,cutcell Thdtotal , nbcell Pload ,nbcell Thd total ,loadoffset
total ,nbcell
PGBP ,nbcell Thdtotal ,cutcell PGBP ,cutcell Thd H ,loadoffset
H ue ,nbcell
PH ue,nbcell / Thd H ue,nbcell Thd H ue,cutcell PH ue,cutcell / Thd H ue,cutcell
Thd H ,loadoffset
Page108
Recommended values for power-based DRD condition 2:

Parameter
Recommended
value
Parameter name
LdbDRDOffsetDCH
Load balance DRD offset

for DCH
10%
LdbDRDOffsetHSDPA
Load balance DRD offset

for HSDPA
10%
LdbDRDTotalPwrProThd
Load balance DRD total

power protect threshold
30%
Page109
Code-Based DRD for Load Balancing

Start
Is the current cell in

candidate cells?
No
Yes
Minimum SF of the current cell <

CodeBalancingDrdMinSFThd?
Yes
No
Code load of the current cell <

CodeBalancingDrdCodeRateThd?
Yes
No
Is there a cell with the

lightest code load?
No
Yes
Select the cell with the lightest code

load as the target cell
Select the
current cell as
the target cell
Select the cell with

the lightest code load
from the cells with the
same service priority
as the target cell
Page110
Recommended values for code-based DRD:

Parameter
Recommended
value
Parameter name
CodeBalancingDrdMinS
FThd
Minimum SF threshold for

code balance drd
SF8
CodeBalancingDrdCode
RateThd
Code occupied rate

threshold for code
balancing drd
13%
DeltaCodeOccupiedRate
Delta code occupied rate
7%
Page111
Inter-Frequency DRD
Relation Between DRD for Service Steering and DRD for

Load Balancing:
When both DRD for service steering and DRD for load
balancing are enabled, the general principles of inter-frequency
DRD are as follows:
DRD for service steering takes precedence over DRD for load
balancing, that is, preferably considers service priorities
To services of the same service priority, load balancing applies
Page112
Inter-Frequency DRD Procedure

Receive a
service request
Is DRD for service

steering enabled?
No
Is DRD for load

balancing enabled?
No
Access the current

cell
Try another cell
Yes
Is DRD for load
balancing enabled?
No
Yes
No
No
CAC
successful?
Yes
Yes
Determine
candidate cells
Are all
cells tried?
Yes
Initiate a blind
handover
HSPA falls
back to DCH
Determine a target
cell in order
Yes
No
CAC
successful?
No
Are all cells

tried?
Yes
Is the request
an HSPA one?
No
Yes
Initiate a blind
handover
Page113
Initiate an
inter-RAT DRD
Inter-RAT DRD
Page115
DRDEcN0Threshhold
Parameter name: Drd Ec/N0 threshold
DRMaxGSMNum
Parameter name: Max inter-RAT direct retry number
Recommended value: 2, namely 2 times
Page116
IAC - Rate Negotiation
Rate negotiation includes:
MBR negotiation
GBR negotiation
Initial rate negotiation
Target rate negotiation
Page117
MBR Negotiation
If the IE "Alternative RAB Parameter Values" is present in

the RANAP RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST or the
RELOCATION REQUEST message when a PS service is
set up, reconfigured, or admitted, then the RNC and the CN
negotiate the rate according to the UE capability to obtain
the MBR while ensuring a proper QoS
Page118
PsSwitch-PS_STREAM_IU_QOS_NEG_SWITCH
Parameter name: PS rate negotiation switch for Streaming service
PsSwitch-PS_ BE_IU_QOS_NEG_SWITCH
Parameter name: PS rate negotiation switch for BE service
PsSwitch-PS_BE_STRICT_IU_QOS_NEG_SWITCH
Parameter name: PS rate negotiation switch for strict BE service
Page119
GBR Negotiation
During the setup, reconfiguration, or handover of a real-time

PS service, if the RAB assignment message carries multiple
alternative GBRs and
PS_STREAM_IU_QOS_NEG_SWITCH is set to 1, the RNC
selects the minimum rate as the GBR of this RAB and
sends it to the CN. If the IE "Type of Alternative Guaranteed
Bit Rate Information" in the message is set to unspecified,
the GBR is set to 8 kbit/s
Page120
Initial Rate Negotiation
For a non-real-time service in the PS domain, the RNC selects an

initial rate to allocate bandwidth for the service before the
admission request based on cell resources in the following cases:
A service is set up
The UE state changes from CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
The negotiation is based on the cell load information, which

includes:
Uplink and downlink radio bearer status of the cell
Minimum spreading factor (SF) supported
HSPA capability
Page121
Initial Rate Negotiation (Cont.)
Initial rate definition for DCH services:
DCCC
Switch
PS BE Initial Rate Dynamic

Configuration Switch
Actual Initial Rate
ON
In the uplink, the initial rate is the smaller one

of the MBR and 384 kbit/s.
In the downlink, the initial rate is dynamically
set on the basis of Ec/No. For the specific
method, see the following description.
ON
OFF
In the uplink, the initial rate is the smaller one

of the MBR and the initial rate of the uplink
BE service.
In the downlink, the initial rate is the smaller
one of the MBR and the initial rate of the
downlink BE service.
OFF
MBR
ON
Page122
DraSwitch-DRA_DCCC_SWITCH
Parameter name: Dynamic resource allocation switch for

DCCC
PsSwitch-PS_BE_INIT_RATE_DYNAMIC_CFG_SWITCH
Parameter name: PS rate negotiation switch for initial rate

reconfiguration
Page123
EcN0EffectTime
Parameter name: Ec/N0 effective time
Recommended value: 30000, namely 30000ms
EcN0Ths
Parameter name: Ec/N0 threshold
Recommended value: 41, namely -4dB
DlBeTraffInitBitrate
Parameter name: DL BE traffic Initial bit rate
Recommended value: D64, namely 64kbit/s
Page124
Initial Rate Negotiation (Cont.)
Initial rate definition for HSUPA services:
If HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to 1, the actual initial rate is

the initial rate of the HSUPA BE service (HsupaInitialRate)
If the HSUPA DCCC function is disabled, the actual initial rate

is the MBR
Page125
DraSwitch-DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH
Parameter name: Dynamic resource allocation switch for

HSUPA DCCC
HsupaInitialRate
Parameter name: Initial rate of HSUPA BE traffic
Recommended value: D256, namely 256kbit/s
Page126
Target Rate Negotiation
For a non-real-time service in the PS domain, if cell

resource-based admission fails, the RNC selects a target
rate to allocate bandwidth for the service based on cell
resource in following cases:
Service setup
Soft handover
DCCC rate upsizing
Page127
IAC - Preemption
After CAC fails, the RNC performs preemption firstly
Precondition of preemption and queuing:
According to RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message,

preemption and queuing are supported
The related algorithm switches are set to ON
Page128
Preemption Procedure
Sorts the preemptable users by user integrated priority, or sorts the

preemptable RABs by RAB integrated priority
Only the users or RABs with priorities lower than the RAB to be established
are selected
Selects as many users or RABs as necessary in order to match the

resource needed by the RAB to be established
When the priorities of two users or RABs are the same, the algorithm selects
the user or RAB that can release the most resources
The RNC releases the resources occupied by the candidate users or

RABs
The requested service directly uses the released resources to access

the network without admission decision
Page130
PreemptAlgoSwitch
Parameter name: Preempt algorithm switch
Page131
IAC - Queuing
After preemption fails, UE can be put into the queue, then

admission attempts are made periodically till maximum
queuing time
The queuing function is triggered by the heartbeat timer that

equals 500 ms. Each time the timer expires, the RNC
selects the service that meets the requirement to make an
admission attempt
Page132
QueueAlgoSwitch
Parameter name: Queue algorithm switch
MaxQueueTimeLen
Parameter name: Max queuing time length
Page134
IAC - Low-Rate Access of the PS BE

Service
Low-rate access means access from the DCH at 0 kbit/s,

FACH, or enhanced FACH (E-FACH)
Low-rate access is used in the following scenarios:
RAB setup
Hard handover or relocation
Page135
PsSwitchPS_BE_EXTRA_LOW_RATE_ACCESS_SWITCH
Parameter name: PS rate negotiation switch for low rate

access
ZeroRateUpFailToRelTimerLen
Parameter name: Release 0 kbit/s Timer length for failed to

rate up
Page136
IAC for Emergency Calls
RRC connection setup process of emergency calls:
No admission on power resource
Admission is successful if the current remaining hard resources

are sufficient
If the hard resource admission fails preemption is performed

regardless of the preemption switch
RRC connection
setup request
Admission
algorithm
Fails
Succeeds
Fails
Preemption
Succeeds
Fails
DRD
Succeeds
RAB process
Page137
Redirection
IAC for Emergency Calls (Cont.)
RAB process of emergency calls:
For power resource admission:
When EMC_UU_ADCTRL is on, power admission fails if the

system is in overload. Otherwise, the admission succeeds
If the CAC algorithm switch is off, the emergency calls are directly
admitted
Admission is successful if the current remaining hard resources

are sufficient
If the hard resource admission fails preemption is performed
regardless of the preemption switch

Page138
EmcPreeRefVulnSwitch
Parameter name: Preemptvulnerability for Emergency call

switch
NBMCacAlgoSwitch-EMC_UU_ADCTRL
Parameter name: Cell CAC algorithm switch for UU resource of

emergency call
Page139
Contents
Page140
Load
LCC (Load Congestion Control)

100%
section A
Overload state: OLC
THOLC
section B
THLDR
Basic congestion state: LDR
section C
Normal state
Page141
LDR Principle
Reason:
When the cell is in basic congestion state, new coming calls

could be easily rejected by system
Purpose:
Optimizing cell resource distribution
Decreasing load level, increasing admission successful rate
Triggering:
Power, code, Iub or NodeB credit
Page142
LDR Triggering - Power Resource

UL/DL load
Cell in the basic
congestion state
Basic congestion
relieved
LDR trigger
threshold
LDR release
threshold
Time
RNC periodic check
Hysteresis time: 1000ms
Page143
Parameters of LDR
NBMLdcAlgoSwitch-UL_UU_LDR/DL_UU_LDR
Parameter name: Cell LDC algorithm switch for LDR
Recommended value: OFF, OFF
UlLdrTrigThd/DlLdrTrigThd
Parameter name: UL/DL LDR trigger threshold
Recommended value: 55%, 70%
UlLdrRelThd/DlLdrRelThd
Parameter name: UL/DL LDR release threshold
Page144
LDR Triggering - Code Resource
Congestion control based on code resource can be enabled

through the CELL_CODE_LDR subparameter of the
NBMLdcAlgoSwitch parameter
If the SF corresponding to the current remaining code of the

cell is larger than the value of CellLdrSfResThd, code
congestion is triggered and the related load reshuffling
actions are taken
Page145
Parameters of LDR (Cont.)
NBMLdcAlgoSwitch-CELL_CODE_LDR
Parameter name: Cell LDC algorithm switch for LDR
CellLdrSfResThd
Parameter name: Cell LDR SF reserved threshold
Page146
LDR Triggering - Iub Resource
Congestion control based on Iub resource can be enabled

through the IUB_LDR subparameter of the
NodeBLdcAlgoSwitch parameter
Iub congestion control in both the uplink and downlink is

NodeB-oriented. So for the basic congestion caused by Iub
resource, all UEs under the NodeB are the objects of
related LDR actions
Page147
NodeBLdcAlgoSwitch-IUB_LDR
Parameter name: NodeB LDC algorithm switch for LDR
Page148
LDR Triggering NodeB Credit

Resource
The basic congestion caused by NodeB credit resource is of

the following types:
Type A: Basic congestion at local cell level
Type B: Basic congestion at local cell group level (if any)
Type C: Basic congestion at NodeB level
Page149

Parameter
Parameter name
Recommended value
Type A:
CELL_CREDIT_LDR
Cell LDC algorithm switch for LDR
OFF
Type A:
UlLdrCreditSfResThd
UL LDR credit SF reserved threshold
SF8
Type A:
DlLdrCreditSfResThd
DL LDR credit SF reserved threshold
SF8
Type B:
LCG_CREDIT_LDR
NodeB LDC algorithm switch for LDR
OFF
Type C:
NODEB_CREDIT_LDR
NodeB LDC algorithm switch for LDR
OFF
Type B/C:
UlLdrCreditSfResThd
UL LDR credit SF reserved threshold
SF8
Type B/C:
DlLdrCreditSfResThd
DL LDR credit SF reserved threshold
SF8
Page150
If the congestion of all resources is triggered in a cell, the

congestion is relieved in order of resource priority for load
reshuffling as configured through the SET LDCALGOPARA
command
Recommended setting is as follows:
The first priority for load reshuffling (LdrFirstPri) is set to IUBLDR
The second priority for load reshuffling (LdrSecondPri) is set to

CREDITLDR
The third priority for load reshuffling (LdrThirdPri) is set to CODELDR
The fourth priority for load reshuffling (LdrFourthPri) is set to UULDR
Page151
LDR Procedure
The RNC periodically takes actions if the basic congestion is

detected:
Inter-frequency load handover
Code reshuffling
BE service rate reduction
AMR rate reduction
Inter-RAT load handover in the CS domain
Inter-RAT load handover in the PS domain
Iu QoS renegotiation
MBMS power reduction
Page152
LdrPeriodTimerLen
Parameter name: LDR period timer length
GoldUserLoadControlSwitch
Parameter name: Gold user load control switch
Page155
DlLdrFirstAction to DlLdrTenthAction
Parameter name: DL LDR first action to DL LDR tenth action
Recommended value: CodeAdj, InterFreqLDHO, BERateRed
UlLdrFirstAction to UlLdrEighthAction
Parameter name: UL LDR first action to UL LDR eighth action
Recommended value: InterFreqLDHO, BERateRed
Page156
LDR Actions - Inter-Frequency Load

Handover
Target cell:
Supporting inter-frequency blind handover
The current load is normal:
Power reason:
UlInterFreqHoCellLoadSpaceThd/DlInterFreqHoCellLoadSpaceThd
Code reason: LdrCodeUsedSpaceThd
Target user:
The UE with the lowest integrated priority
User selection algorithm switch:
NbmLdcBHOUeSelSwitch
Page157
UlInterFreqHoCellLoadSpaceThd/DlInterFreqHoCellLoa
dSpaceThd
Parameter name: UL/DL HO load space threshold
LdrCodeUsedSpaceThd
Parameter name: InterFreq HO code used ratio space

threshold
Page159
NbmLdcBHOUeSelSwitch
Parameter name: BHO Select User algorithm switch
Recommended value: NBM_LDC_MATCH_UE_ONLY
UlInterFreqHoBWThd/DlInterFreqHoBWThd
Parameter name: UL/DL HO maximum bandwidth
Recommended value: 200000bit/s, 200000bit/s
Page160
LDR Actions - BE Rate Reduction
Target RAB:
The RAB with the lowest integrated priority
The current rate is higher than GBR
Number:
UlLdrBERateReductionRabNum/DlLdrBERateReductionRabNum
The RNC sends a RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION

message to the UE
Page161
UlLdrBERateReductionRabNum/DlLdrBERateReduction
RabNum
Parameter name: UL/DL LDR-BE rate reduction RAB number
Page162
LDR Actions - QoS Renegotiation
QoS renegotiation function switch:
DRA_IU_QOS_RENEG_SWITCH
Target RAB:
Number:
UlLdrPsRTQosRenegRabNum/DlLdrPsRTQosRenegRabNum
The RNC sends a RAB MODIFY REQUEST message to the
CN
Page163
DraSwitch-DRA_IU_QOS_RENEG_SWITCH
Parameter name: Dynamic resource allocation switch for IU

QoS RENEQ
UlLdrPsRTQosRenegRabNum/DlLdrPsRTQosRenegRab
Num
Parameter name: UL/DL LDR un-ctrl RT Qos re-nego RAB

num
Page164
LDR Actions - Inter-RAT Handover
Target user:
The user with the lowest integrated priority
Service handover indicator:
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_NOT_BE_PERFORM
GSM cell
WCDMA cell
Page165

Parameter
Parameter name
Recommended
value
UlCSInterRatShouldBeHOUeNum
UL CS should be HO user number
DlCSInterRatShouldBeHOUeNum
DL CS should be HO user number
UlCSInterRatShouldNotHOUeNum
UL CS should not be HO user number
DlCSInterRatShouldNotHOUeNum
DL CS should not be HO user number
UlPSInterRatShouldBeHOUeNum
UL PS should be HO user number
DlPSInterRatShouldBeHOUeNum
DL PS should be HO user number
UlPSInterRatShouldNotHOUeNum
UL PS should not be HO user number
DlPSInterRatShouldNotHOUeNum
DL PS should not be HO user number
Page166
LDR Actions - AMR Rate Reduction
Target RAB:
Number:
In uplink:
UlLdrAMRRateReductionRabNum/DlLdrAMRRateReductionRabNum
The RNC sends the TFC CONTROL command to the UE
In downlink:
The RNC sends the Rate Control Request message through the Iu
interface to the CN
Page167
UlLdrAMRRateReductionRabNum/DlLdrAMRRateReduc
tionRabNum
Parameter name: UL/DL LDR-AMR rate reduction RAB

number
Page168
LDR Actions - Code Reshuffling
Page169
CellLdrSfResThd
Parameter name: Cell LDR SF reserved threshold
MaxUserNumCodeAdj
Parameter name: Max user number of code adjust
LdrCodePriUseInd
Parameter name: LDR code priority indicator
Recommended value: FALSE
Page170
LDR Actions - MBMS Power Reduction
Target RAB:
The ARP is higher than MbmsDecPowerRabThd
The RNC sends a COMMON TRANSPORT CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION REQUEST message to NodeB
Page171
MbmsDecPowerRabThd
Parameter name: MBMS descend power rab threshold
Page172
Contents
Page173
OLC Principle
Reason:
In overload congestion state, the system is not stable
Purpose:
Ensuring the system stability and making the system back to

the normal state as soon as possible
Triggering:
Power resource and interference
Page174
OLC Load Judgment

UL/DL load
Overload released
Cell in overload
OLC trigger
threshold
OLC release
threshold
time
RNC periodic check
State transition hysteresis threshold
Page175
Parameters of OLC
NBMLdcAlgoSwitch-UL_UU_OLC/DL_UU_OLC
Parameter name: Cell LDC algorithm switch for OLC
Recommended value: OFF, OFF
UlOlcTrigThd/DlOlcTrigThd
Parameter name: UL/DL OLC trigger threshold
UlOlcRelThd/DlOlcRelThd
Parameter name: UL/DL OLC release threshold
Page176
OLC Procedure
Turn on the OLC algorithm switch
Mark "current OLC state = uncongested"
Start sending the OLC congestion indication
Mark "current action = first OLC action"

Send congestion
relief indication to
MAC (downlink
congestion)
Clear the "selected" mark of all UE OLC actions

Congestion
state indication
Yes
Wait for congestion state indication
Current OLC state = congested?

Performing
TF control
Successful?
No
Yes
No
Keep the
action
sequence
unchanged
and take
the current
action first
Switching BE
services to CCH
Adjusting Max
FACH TX power
Releasing
some RABs
Successful?
No
Successful?
No
Successful?
Yes
Yes
Mark
"current
action =
successful action"
Wait
for the
expiration
of the
OLC
period
timer
Yes
No
No OLC action is taken
or all actions fail
Mark "current action = first OLC action"
Page177
Parameters of OLC (Cont.)
OlcPeriodTimerLen
Parameter name: OLC period timer length
Recommended value: 3000, namely 3000ms
Page178
OLC Actions - Performing TF Control of

BE Services
OLC algorithm for TF control in the downlink:
Select RABs with the lowest integrated priority
The RNC sends the TF control indication message to the MAC
The MAC restricts the TFC selection: TFmax(N+1) = TFmax(N) x

Ratelimitcoeff
OLC algorithm for TF control in the uplink:
the RNC sends a TRANSPORT FORMAT COMBINATION CONTROL

message to the UE
The UE restricts the TFC selection
Page179
Example of TF Control
Page181
DlDcccRateThd
Parameter name: Downlink Bit Rate Threshold For DCCC
Recommended value: D64, namely 64Kbit/s
DlOlcFTFRstrctRabNum
Parameter name: DL OLC fast TF restrict RAB number
DlOlcFTFRstrctTimes
Parameter name: DL OLC fast TF restrict times
Page182
RateRstrctTimerLen/RateRecoverTimerLen
Parameter name: DL TF rate restrict/recover timer length
Recommended value: 3000ms, 5000ms
RateRstrctCoef/RecoverCoef
Parameter name: DL TF rate restrict/recover coefficient
Page183
UlDcccRateThd
Parameter name: Uplink Bit Rate Threshold For DCCC
Recommended value: D64, namely 64Kbit/s
UlOlcFTFRstrctRabNum
Parameter name: UL OLC fast TF restrict RAB number
UlOlcFTFRstrctTimes
Parameter name: UL OLC fast TF restrict times
Page184
OLC Actions - Switching BE Services

to Common Channels
Target user:
Select users with the lowest integrated priority
The users with the DCH or HSPA BE services in PS domain
Execution:
The RNC sends RB Reconfiguration message to UE
The UE makes a response by RB Reconfiguration Complete
Page185
TransCchUserNum
Parameter name: Transfer Common Channel User number
Page186
OLC Actions - Adjusting the Maximum

FACH TX Power
Target FACH channel:
During an OLC period, the OLC can adjust the power of only
one FACH. If multiple FACHs meet the conditions, the OLC
adjusts them one by one in different OLC periods
Execution:
The cell adjusts the maximum FACH TX power:
Pt arg et Pmax Delta
Page187
MaxFachPower
Parameter name: Max transmit power of FACH
FACHPwrReduceValue
Parameter name: FACH power reduce value
Page188
OLC Actions - Releasing Some RABs
Target user:
Select RABs with high bit rate, when the integrated priority of
some RABs are identical
Execution:
The RNC sends IU RELEASE REQUEST or RAB RELEASE

REQUEST message to CN, and sample call drop counter
Page189
UlOlcTraffRelRabNum/DlOlcTraffRelRabNum
Parameter name: UL OLC traff release RAB number
SeqOfUserRel
Parameter name: Sequence of user release
Recommended value: MBMS_REL
MbmsOlcRelNum
Parameter name: MBMS services number released
Page190
Thank you
www.huawei.com

OWO113040 WCDMA RAN11 Load Control Algorithm and Parameters ISSUE1.01

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

OWO113040 WCDMA RAN11 Load Control Algorithm and Parameters ISSUE1.01

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

WCDMA Load Control

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

The WCDMA system is a self-interfering system, so the

The target of load control is to maximize the system

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

3GPP TS 25.133: Requirements for Support of Radio Resource

3GPP TS 25.215: Physical Layer - Measurements (FDD)

3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for

3GPP TS 25.321: Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol

3GPP TS 25.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC)

3GPP TS 25.413: UTRAN Iu Interface RANAP Signaling

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Outline the principle of load control

Describe the realization method of load control

Perform the parameter adjustment of load control

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load: the occupancy of capacity

Two kinds of capacity in WCDMA system:

Cell DL OVSF code

Iub transport resource

NodeB processing capability (NodeB credit)

Cell power (UL and DL)

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load Control Algorithms

The load control algorithms are applied to the different UE

PUC: Potential User Control

CAC: Call Admission Control

IAC: Intelligent Access Control LDB : Intra-frequency Load Balancing

LDR: Load Reshuffling

OLC: Overload Control

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load Control Algorithms (Cont.)

Resources considered by different load control algorithms:

Load Control Algorithm

: not considered; : considered

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load control function in the WCDMA system:

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load Measurement Quantities

The major load-related measurement quantities are as follows:

Uplink Received Total Wideband Power (RTWP)

Downlink Transmitted Carrier Power (TCP)

Non-HSPA power: TCP excluding the power used for transmission on

Provided Bit Rate (PBR) on HS-DSCH

Power Requirement for GBR (GBP) on HS-DSCH: minimum power

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load Measurement Procedure

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load Measurement Procedure (Cont.)

Layer 3 filtering on the NodeB side:

A is the sampling value of the measurement

B is the measurement value after layer 1 filtering

C is the measurement value after layer 3 filtering

C' is another measurement value (if any) for measurement evaluation

D is the reported measurement value after measurement evaluation on the

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Load Measurement Procedure (Cont.)

Smooth filtering on the RNC side:

After the RNC receives the measurement report, it filters the

Assuming that the reported measurement value is Qn and that