*

Presented by
Chirra Kumara Swamy
Roll.No:143503

Rapid Manufacturing Process

Laminated object manufacturing (LOM):

In it, layers of adhesive-coated paper, plastics, or metal
laminates are successively glued together and cut to shape
with a knife or laser cutter.

Rapid Manufacturing Process

Specific advantages of the LOM technology

No distortion, shrinking and deformation.
high durability, low brittleness and fragility.
very large parts can be produced.
various organic and inorganic materials with different
chemical and mechanical properties for a whole variety
of applications can be processed.

Parts are very well finish-able.

Rapid Manufacturing Process

Disadvantages
High effort must be applied for de-cubing, finishing parts.
The control of the parts accuracy in the Z-dimension is
complicated for paper LOM parts due to a swelling effect.
Mechanical and thermal material properties are inhomoge-neous due to the lamination of material and adhesive

Rapid Manufacturing Process

Fields of application
Sand casting : The customer desired eight aluminum parts.
The cable sleeve with wall thickness of 3mm,
The part size is about 330*140*70
Wear and moisture resistant coating was applied on
the LOM pattern.
The prepared pattern was available to the foundry
after 1.5 weeks.
Dimensional accuracy was much better than the
German DIN standards require for Sand Casting.
Rapid Manufacturing Process

 This way the customer received first metal parts

2.5 weeks after providing the CAD data.
In comparison the first parts would have been ready
after 4 weeks going the traditional way. The pattern cost
Were reduced by 25% as well.

Rapid Manufacturing Process

In the field of Investment casting

The axle bracket of aluminum casting were needed
To reduce the effort for the wax injection tool a LOM
mold was used instead of a machined metal tool.
Starting with the CAD data of the bracket the tool halves
were designed.
After 2.5 weeks a functioning LOM wax injection
tool was created.
Aluminum parts were created by the investment casting
process in 4 weeks

Rapid Manufacturing Process

10

Ceramic part
Because of high stresses a conveying worm should be
made of ceramic.
One-piece tool with flexible mold halves prepared with
help of LOM master pattern.
To absorb the high pressures a metal jacket was placed
around the silicon cushion.
The tool life of the silicon cushion was between 30 and
50 injections with tolerances kept.
Silicon cushion tool is prepared in only 1.5weeks, and
cost is 20-30% of conventional steel tool.
Rapid Manufacturing Process

11

12

Conclusions
Suitability of LOM objects for certain applications in
foundry technology
Sand casting patterns.
Wax injection molds for investment casting.
Master models for silicon molding processes.
All these applications require a suitable surface coating of
the LOM objects with special materials for best pattern
removal, durability and pattern life.

Rapid Manufacturing Process

13

Reference
[1]Laminated object manufacturing for rapid tooling and
patternmaking in foundry industry, Elsevier, Bernhard Mueller,
Detlef Kochan, 1999

Rapid Manufacturing Process

14