NSTP 2

Easter College

TEAMWORK

Source: www.dnainfo.com

facebook.com/OccupySandyReliefNyc

Image:CC BY 2.0 Matt

What is a TEAM?
a group of people working
together to achieve
a common goal

What is TEAMWORK?
the ability to cooperate and
communicate effectively with others
to achieve a common goal

Team Working
Benefits

Challenges

TEAMWORK

Agree on goals / milestones

INDIVIDUAL
WORK

Establish tasks to be completed

o Work on tasks

Communicate / monitor progress

o Work on new / revised tasks

Solve problems

o Research / development

Interpret results

o Networking

Agree completion of project

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CC BY-NC-SA Harold Jarche

Stages of Team Development

Forming (assemble team; deal with ambiguity)
Storming (deal with criticism; develop ideas)

Norming

(procedures, cohesion)

Performing (cooperation)
[Adjourning]

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Source: Bruce Tuckman (1965) Small Group Development

Maturity Continuum
DEPENDENCE
INDEPENDENCE

INTERDEPENDENCE

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Source: Stephen R. Covey (1989) The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People

Consideration

4 Paradigms of human interaction

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Lose / Win

Win / Win

Lose / Lose

Win / Lose

Courage

Win/Win
If Win/Win is such an ideal, why dont we do
it all the time?

What gets in the way?

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Key Teamwork SKILLS

1.

INTERPERSONAL

2.

SELF / PROJECT MANAGEMENT

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Trust / acceptance
Communication
Collaborative problem-solving
Conflict resolution

Goal setting
Planning
Task co-ordination
Performance management

Source: Slyke, Trimmer, Kittner (2004) Teaching Teamwork in IS Courses

A few TEAMWORK guidelines

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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Effective communication
Team Working Agreement
Effective meetings
Project management
Conflict management

1. Effective communication
Communicate openly & supportively
Listen openly
Interpret nonverbal messages
Give useful feedback

Receive feedback effectively

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2. Team Working Agreement

What is it?
Effectively a contract which all team members
sign up to each team member is expected to
abide by that contract
Expectations each team has for its members
Designed specifically for your team

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Team Working Agreement

Key points:
Tailor to meet the specific needs of your team
members
Each team member needs to input
A chance for all members to voice their opinions
All members will be accountable for statements
in the agreement

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Team Working Agreement:

Issues to consider

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effective communication method(s)

participation by all members

decision-making

problem-solving approaches

management of conflict / differences

responsibilities & conduct

SAMPLE:
Boeing Code of Cooperation for Teams

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EVERY member is responsible for the teams progress and

success

Attend all team meetings; be on time

Listen to & show respect for view of members

Criticize ideas, not persons

Use & expect constructive feedback

Resolve conflicts constructively

Always strive for win-win situations

Avoid destructive behaviour

Ask questions when you do not understand

Source: http://aircraftdesign.nuaa.edu.cn/PD-2006/PDF/P1-requirement%20and%20schedule.pdf

3. Meeting Guidelines (sample)

Project meetings will be held every
Meetings will be called by

.
.

Meetings will begin and end on time.

Decisions will be made by consensus/ majority

rule/anarchy.
Role of scribe will rotate.
Minutes will be issued by e-mail within 24 hours of

each meeting.
Exceptions allowable/not allowable.

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4. Project Management

Start with consensus on project GOAL

Then work to a project PLAN

Milestone

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Responsibility

Date

5. Conflict

People typically fear and avoid conflict

Most people believe conflict does not belong

in the workplace

However, dynamic organizations use

conflict as a CREATIVE FORCE.

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TEAMWORK

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Agree on goals / milestones

INDIVIDUAL
WORK

Establish tasks to be completed

o Work on tasks

Communicate / monitor progress

o Work on new / revised tasks

Solve problems

o Research / development

Interpret results

o Networking

Agree completion of project

Teamwork in a Software
Development Environment
COMMUNICATION

Communicate well; listen openly

KEEP THE PROJECT ON TRACK

Work to the plan to keep motivation high

Update the plan as things change

CONFLICT

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Accept and work with/through conflict

Develop a constructive conflict style