Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
In a reduction gear
shown
in
Figure,
there is an epicyclic
train consisting of a
sun wheel A on the
input shaft, a planet
wheel B carried on an
arm K on the output
shaft and an annular
gear C.
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
H
C
B
Input Shaft
D
A
a 100 N-m
Output
Shaft
z
E
Example 5
The latter can be held
fixed, or can be
connected directly to
the input shaft through
the spur gear drive
DEFGH.
Find the speed ratio
from input to output
for the two cases (i)
with EFG engaged.
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
H
C
B
Input Shaft
D
A
a 100 N-m
Output
Shaft
z
E
Example 5
For case (ii) determine
also
the
torque
transmitted between A
and D and between F &
G, based on an input
torque of 100 N-m. Take
module = 2 for all teeth.
H
C
B
Input Shaft
D
A
a 100 N-m
Output
Shaft
z
E
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Example 5
H
C
Number of teeth on
A = D = F = G = 40
B
Input Shaft
D
A
Number of teeth on
C = 80; H = 100;
E = 30; B = 20.
a 100 N-m
Output
Shaft
z
E
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Example 5-Continued
H
Solution:
The train EFG is not
part of the epicyclic
train and must be
therefore be treated
separately.
C
B
Input Shaft
D
A
Z
z
Output
Shaft
a 100 N-m
E
Consider, train Z, K, H,
C, B, A and D
F
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Example 5-Continued
Elements
Operation
Z
K is fixed & C is
given +1 revolution
Compound
Compound
Gear wheel
Gear wheel
A
C
D (40)
H (100)
(40)
(80)
80
20
2
20
40
+1
H
C
B
Input Shaft
D
A
a 100 N-m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Z
z
Output
Shaft
Example 5-Continued
Elements
Operation
Z
K is fixed & C is
given +1 revolution
Multiply by m
(A rotates through m
revolution)
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Compound
Compound
Gear wheel
Gear wheel
A
C
D (40)
H (100)
(40)
(80)
80
20
2
20
40
+1
-2 m
+m
Example 5-Continued
Elements
Operation
Z
K is fixed & C is
given +1 revolution
Multiply by m
(A rotates through m
revolution)
Add n revolutions to
all elements
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Compound
Compound
Gear wheel
Gear wheel
A
C
D (40)
H (100)
(40)
(80)
80
20
2
20
40
+1
-2 m
+m
n-2m
m+n
8
Example 5-Continued
H
C
m + n = 0;
Input Shaft
n =-m
a 100 N-m
D
A
Output
Shaft
z
E
N D n 2m 3n
3
NZ
n
n
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Example 5-Continued
(ii) When train EFG is engaged:
H
C
Number of teeth on A = F =D = G = 40
Number of teeth on C = 80;
H = 100; E = 30; B = 20.
ND
tH tF
NH
tG t D
100 40
2.5
40 40
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Input
Shaft
B
K
D
A
Output
Shaft
Z
10
Example 5-Continued
Elements
Operation
Z
K is fixed & C is
given +1 revolution
Multiply by m
(A rotates through m
revolution)
Add n revolutions to
all elements
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Compound
Compound
Gear wheel
Gear wheel
A
C
D (40)
H (100)
(40)
(80)
80 20
2
20 40
+1
-2 m
+m
n-2m
m+n
11
Example 5-Continued
ND
n 2m
2 .5
NH
nm
2.5 n 2.5 m n 2m
3.5 n 0.5 m
m 7n
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
12
Example 5-Continued
ND
n 2m
15
NZ
n
Input torque on A and D:
= 100 N-m
H
C
B
Input Shaft
T z = 1500 N-m
A
Z
z
Output Shaft
a 100 N-m
Resisting torque on Z:
TZ = 100 15
= 1500 N-m
13
Example 5-Continued
H
C
TZ 2
FB
DA DB
1500 2
m t A t B
1500 2
2 40 20103
B
Input Shaft
T z = 1500 N-m
A
Z
z
Output Shaft
a 100 N-m
E
25000 N
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
14
Example 5-Continued
Let TC = Torque
exerted on C and G;
TC
FC
N
80 10 3
TC 2 TC 2
FC
DC
m tC
TC 2
2 80103
TZ
TZ
25000N
C80
A/D
G/F
TC
N
3
80 10
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
15
Example 5-Continued
H
TC
FC
N
80 10 3
TC
N
80 10 3
Since
no
angular
acceleration of B, the
force between the
teeth on A and B is
also
TZ
25000N
C
TZ
A/D
G/F
TC
N
3
80 10
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
16
Example 5-Continued
FC
TC
N
80 10 3
TC
N
80 10 3
TC
2
25000
3
80 10
TC 1000 N m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
H
TZ
25000N
C
TZ
A/D
G/F
17
Example 5-Continued
H100
TC
FC
N
3
80 10
Torque on A:
TC DB TA DA
TC
N
3
80 10
TZ
B20
25000N
C
TZ
1000 m t B TA m t A
1000 2 20 TA 2 40
40
TA 1000
80
500 N m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
A40/D
G40/F
(D = m x t)
18
Example 5-Continued
Torque applied by
G to H;
H100
TC
FC
N
3
80 10
DG
TC
DH
80
TC
200
80
1000
200
400 N m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
TC
N
3
80 10
TZ
B20
25000N
C
TZ
A40/D
G40/F
(D = m x t)
19
H
C
Consider, train Z, K,
H, C, B, A and D
B
Input
Shaft
When C is fixed:
tC
tC
tB
Train value
tB
tA
tA
also
N L N Arm N D N Z
TV
N F N Arm N C N Z
tC N D N Z
t A NC N Z
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
D
A
Z
z
Output
Shaft
20
80 N D N Z
40 N C N Z
ND NZ
2
0 NZ
H
C
B
Input
Shaft
D
A
Z
z
Output
Shaft
2NZ N D NZ
ND
3
NZ
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
21
Example 5-Continued
(ii) When train EFG is engaged:
H
C
Number of teeth on A = F =D = G = 40
Number of teeth on C = 80;
H = 100; E = 30; B = 20.
ND
tH tF
NH
tG t D
100 40
2.5
40 40
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Input
Shaft
B
K
D
A
Output
Shaft
Z
End of 5
22
Example 6
Figure
shows
a
compound epicyclic gear
train, gears S1 and S2
being rigidly attached to
the shaft Q. If the shaft P
rotates at 1000 rpm
clockwise, while the
annular A2 is driven in
counter
clockwise
direction at 500 rpm,
determine the speed and
direction of rotation of
shaft Q.
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
A2
P2
A1
P1
Q
S2
S1
23
Example 6
A2
P2
A1
P1
Q
S2
S1
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
24
Example 6-Continued
Solution: Consider the gear train P, P1, A1 and S1:
Operation
A1
Arm
A1
P
(100)
+1
S1 (24)
100 tP1
tP1
24
Multiply by m
(A1 rotates through
m revolution)
+m
Add n revolutions
to all elements
n+ m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
P1
25
6
25
m
6
25
n
m
6
S1
25
Example 6-Continued
If A1 is fixed: n+ m=0;
gives n = - m
NP
n
25
N S1 n 6 m
NP
n
1
6
N S 1 n 256 n 316
31
A1
P1
S1
6
NP
N S1
31
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
26
Example 6-Continued
OR;
Operation
Arm
A1
P
(100)
-1
A1
S1 (24)
A1
P1
P1
S1
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
A1
S1
100 25
24 6
Add +1 revolutions
to all elements
P1
S1
25
31
1
6
6
27
Example 6-Continued
A2
P2
A1
P1
Q
S2
S1
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
28
Example 6-Continued
Now consider whole gear train:
Operation
A1 is fixed &
wheel A2 is given
+1 revolution
A1
(100)
A2
(120)
+1
Arm P
120 P2
6
18
3 3
P2
40
31
31
A2
P2
A1
P1
P
Q
S2
S1
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
29
Example 6-Continued
Now consider whole gear train:
Operation
A1 is fixed &
wheel A2 is given
+1 revolution
Multiply by m
(A1 rotates through
m revolution)
A1
(100)
A2
(120)
+1
+m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Arm P
120 P2
6
18
3 3
P2
40
31
31
3m
18
m
31
30
Example 6-Continued
Now consider whole gear train:
Operation
A1 is fixed &
wheel A2 is given
+1 revolution
A1
(100)
A2
(120)
+1
Multiply by m
(A1 rotates through
m revolution)
+m
Add n revolutions
to all elements
n+ m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Arm P
120 P2
6
18
3 3
P2
40
31
31
3m
n 3m
18
m
31
18
n m
31
31
Example 6-Continued
When P makes 1000 rpm:
18
n m = 1000
31
(1)
(2)
18
m 1000
from (1) and (2): 500 m
31
31 1000 500 31
and
49 m
m 949 rpm
n 949 500 449 rpm
32
Example 7
The gear train shown in
figure is used in an
indexing mechanism of
a milling machine. The
drive is from gear
wheels A and B to the
bevel gear wheel D
through the gear train.
The following table
gives the number of
teeth on each gear.
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
D
A
Arm
B
H
G
E
F
33
Example 7-Continued
D
A
Gear
Number
of teeth
72 72 60 30 28 24
Diametral
pitch in 08 08 12 12 08 08
mm
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
Arm
B
H
G
E
F
34
Example 7-Continued
How many revolutions does D makes for one revolution of
A under the following situations:
(i)
35
Example 7-Continued
Solution: Gear D is external
to the epicyclic train and thus
C and D constitute an simple
gear train.
D
A
Arm
B
H
G
E
F
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
36
Example 7-Continued
Operation
Arm or C is
fixed & wheel
A is given +1
revolution
Arm
E (28)
C (60)
-1
F (24)
A (72)
28
7
24
6
B (72) G (28)
+1
-1
+1
H (24)
28 7
24 6
D
A
Arm
B
H
G
E
F
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
37
Example 7-Continued
Operation
Arm or C is
fixed & wheel
A is given +1
revolution
Multiply by m
(A rotates
through m
revolution)
Arm
E (28)
C (60)
-1
F (24)
28
7
24
6
-m
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
7
m
6
A (72)
+1
+m
B (72) G (28)
-1
-m
H (24)
+1
28 7
24 6
+m
7
m
6
38
Example 7-Continued
Operation
Arm or C is
fixed & wheel
A is given +1
revolution
Multiply by m
(A rotates
through m
revolution)
Add n
revolutions to
all elements
Arm
E (28)
C (60)
-1
F (24)
28
7
24
6
-m
7
m
6
A (72)
+1
+m
B (72) G (28)
-1
-m
H (24)
+1
28 7
24 6
+m
7
m
6
7
7
n - m n m n + m n - m n + m n m
6
6
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
39
Example 7-Continued
For one revolution of A:
n+m=1
(1)
For A and B for same speed and direction:
n+m = nm
(2)
From (1) and (2): n = 1 and m = 0
N D T C 60
2
NC
TD 30
N D 2 NC
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
40
Example 7-Continued
(ii) A and B same speed, opposite direction:
(n + m) = - (n m)
(3)
n = 0; m = 1
When C is fixed and A makes one revolution, D does
not make any revolution.
(iii)
A is making 72 rpm:
B at rest
(n m) = 0
(n + m) = 72
n = m = 36 rpm
60
72 rpm
C makes 36 rpm and D makes: 36
30
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
41
Example 7-Continued
(iv) A is making 72 rpm and B making 36 rpm
(n + m) = 72 rpm
(n + (n m)) = 72;
and
(n m) = 36 rpm
n = 54
60
D makes: 54
108 rpm
30
Dr.T.V.Govindaraju,SSEC
42