Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
History
Invented by Wallace Carothers in
1940
Mostly commonly used polymers
Commercial production of nylon
Introduction of nylon
Nylon is a thermoplastic, silky material.
Family of synthetic polymers known generically as aliphatic polyamides
In the form long polymer chains.
3 types of nylon
Properties of NYLON
Strength:
Nylon has good tenacity and the strength is not lost with age. . It is one of the
lightest textile fibres is at the same time also one of the strongest.
NYLON PRODUCTION
TECHNOLOGY
Nylon 6 is manufactured by selfcondensation of 6-amino caproic acid
obtained from caprolactam
Nylon 6 is capable of being formed into
a filament in which the polymer
molecules are oriented, at large, in the
direction of the axis
Nylon 6 is simpler than that for Nylon 6,6 , and is superior resistance for light
degradation .
In the thermal equilibrium between the monomer and polymer are at the
melting and spinning temperatures.
10% monomer is retained in this process, so the fibres have to be water washed
the soluble caprolactam monomer
While the molecular weight controlled by the addition of monofuntional acid.
Final product are produced with a molecular weight at range 12,000-16,000 is
extruded as a ribbon onto chilling rolls.
Then it is extruded to a chipper for producing small chips suitable for
storage and rehandling.
The chips are melted when the nylon fibres are produced, metered through
high pressure pumps, filtered and passed through a melt spinneret.
On air cooling, the extruded filaments will harden immediately and can be
wound on bobbins at speed of 750 meters per minute or higher.
The thread will stretch to about 4 times than its original length in cold
drawing to give the fibre desirable textile properties.
Manufacturing Nylon 6, 6
1. One of the very strong fibers. Extremely resistant to abrasion and flexing.
2. The specific gravity is 1.14 Very light, i.e., 80% of that of silk fibers, and 70%
of that of cotton fibers.
3. Since nylon fibers absorb little water even though they are wetted., they dry
fast and simple in laundering.
4. Excellent in elasticity and resistant to wrinkle.
5. If properly set, nylon textiles little shrink/ extend or little deform their shape
due to thermo plasticity.
6. Resistant to chemicals and oil. Non-attackable by sea water.
7. Non-attackable by molds and insects.
8. Used in many military applications.
1. It has a tendency to fade easily and stain. It is also highly sensitive to light and
heat.
2. Good quality nylon fiber is much more expensive than some other types of
material.
3. Nylon is famous of its properties that is easy to dye with bright color is the
major factor of it prone to staining. Permanent stains are result from food stain
that mainly contains oil and grease. Cleaning product that contain bleach or acid
that are created to remove stains from fabrics.
4. Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight also causes the nylon to fade and wear
out.
5. Nylon fibers melt if exposed to extreme temperature.
6. Cheap nylon is also available. However it tends to lose its bounce, brightness
and color very quickly.
APPLICATION OF NYLON
Because of it has high
strength fibre. It is
used in making fishing
nets, ropes, parachutes
and type cords.
Widely used as
plastic for making
machine parts. To
increase the strength,
it is blended with
wool
Umbrella
Common
applications
of nylon
Nylon tubing
Jacket
Carpet
Fishing net
Fabric
Rope