Seminar On Examination Awareness: Professional Regulatory Board of Electronics Engineering

Seminar on
Examination Awareness
PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY
BOARD OF ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
By:
Engr. Joel B. Bajador, PECE, MBA
Why do we conduct seminar

on Board Exam Awareness?
Assist Students and would-be takers of

Board examinations in knowing and
understanding, the PRC procedures and
processes undertaken to preserve the
Integrity of the Licensure Examinations
administered by them
To inform students, faculty members and
would-be takers of board examinations, how
questions given in the examinations are
formulated.
Why do we conduct seminar

on Board Exam Awareness?
To inform students, would-be takers and

repeaters, suggested methods or techniques
to be done to prevent them from committing
mistakes that would render their answers to
board questions, invalid.
To let them know some DOs and DONTs in
taking the board examination
PRC Procedures and Processes To

Ensure the Integrity of the Licensure
Examination
1.
Preparation of Questions
a. How many?
Initially 500 , then at least 300 per
examination to be added or merge to past
questions.
b. What are the types of questions
made?
Multiple Choice .
c. Sources of questions
Textbooks, reference materials, technical
standards adopted nationally and
internationally (such as IEEE, ISO, IEC,
ITU-T etc.), other technical publications
from suppliers, vendors of electronic
components, devices and equipments,
and from the Internet.
d. Basis of formulated questions
1) Table of Specifications (TOS)
It is a competency-based
description/ specifications of
questions that will test for the
competency of examinees
2) Subjects and Syllabi
-Mathematics 20 %
-Electronics Engineering 30%
-General Engineering and
Applied Sciences 20%
-Electronics Systems and
Technologies 30%
2) Subjects and Syllabi
ECE SYLLABI
I. MATHEMATICS (20%)
1. Algebra & General Mathematics
Algebraic functions
Theory of equations
Factorization and algebraic functions
Ratio, proportion and variation
Matrix theory
Arithmetic and geometric progressions
Equations and inequalities
Linear and quadratic equations
Complex number system
Polynomials
Mathematical induction
Logic and probability
Statistics
2. Geometry
Lines and planes

Plane figures
Application of Cavaliers, Pappus and
Prismodial theorems
Coordinates in space
Quadratic surfaces
Mensuration
Plane geometry
Solid geometry
Spherical geometry
Analytical geometry
3. Trigonometry
Logarithmic principles
Trigonometric functions
Fundamental trigonometric identities
Solutions of right and oblique triangles
Applications of terrestrial mensuration
Area, perimeter and centroid of plane figures
Polar coordinates
Spherical trigonometry
4. Calculus
Complex variables
Derivatives and applications
Integration and applications
Transcendental functions
Partial derivatives
Higher derivatives
Indeterminate forms
Multiple integrals
Differential equations
5. Mathematics Laws, Terms and Theories
Laws, theories and other rules relative to

the fields of mathematics
II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &
APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)

1. Engineering Mechanics
Statics
Kinetics
Kinematics
2. Strength of Materials
Stress
Strain
Torsion
Elasticity

3. Engineering Materials
Properties of Engineering
Materials
4. College Physics, General Chemistry,

Thermodynamics
Matter, Change, Energy

Structure of Matter
Forces and Motion
Heat
Sound
Light
Magnetism
Electricity

5. Engineering Economics and
Management
Simple and Compound Interest

Annuity, Depreciation,
Commercial Papers
Break-Even Analysis
Management Concepts and
Principles

6. Laws and Ethics
Contracts and Specifications

Telecommunications and broadcasting
laws and regulations
Electronics engineering law of 2004
Code of professional ethics and conduct
Philippine electronics code
Code of Technical Standards and
Practice (Manual of Practice)
III.
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
(30%)
1. Electricity/ Magnetism Fundamentals
Atomic structure
Electric charge
Laws (Ohms, Kirchoff, Coulomb, etc)
Magnetic power
Magnetic field/flux
Magnetic/electric quantities/units
Magnetic/electromagnet principles
(30%)
III.
2. Electrical Circuit
Ac-dc circuits
Resistors
Inductors
Capacitor
III.
(30%)
3. Solid State Devices/Circuits
Semi-conductor fundamentals
Transistor components, circuits,
analysis, and design
Special services (photo, electric, photo
voltaic etc.)
III.
(30%)
4. Power Generator/ Sources/ Principles/

Applications
Cells and batteries

Electric generator
Electronic power supply
Voltage regulation
Photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator
Distribution transformers
UPS/float-battery system
Converters/inverters
III.
III. ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
(30%)
(30%)
5. Electronic (Audio/RF) Circuit/

Analysis/Design Cells and batteries
Amplifiers
Oscillators
Rectifier
Filters
Voltage regulation
III.
(30%)
6. Tests and Measurements
Volt-ohm-ammeter (analog/digital)
R-L-Z bridges
Oscilloscope
Cable testers
RF meters
Signal generators (audio, RF, video)
Noise generators
Power/reflectometer/grid dip meter
III.
(30%)
7. Microelectronics
Integrated circuits components,

characteristics and products
Operational amplifiers/multivibrators
III.
(30%)
8. Industrial Electronics Principles/

Applications
Electronic control system

Industrial solid state services
Welding systems/high frequency heating
Feedback systems/servomechanism
Transducers
Motor speed control systems
Robotic principles
Bioelectrical principles
Instrumentation and control
III.
(30%)
9. Computer Principles
Analog/digital systems
Binary number system/Boolean algebra
Mathematical logic and switching
networks
Basic digital circuits (logic, gates, flipflops, multivibrators etc.)
Static and dynamic memory devices
Programming and machine languages
Information and acquisition processing
Analog/digital conversion
Computer networking
IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
1. Radio Communication System
a. Transmission Fundamentals
Transmission system
Transmission medium
Primary line constants
Velocity and line wavelength
Characteristic Impedance
Propagation constants
Phase and group velocity
Standing waves
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
a. Transmission Fundamentals
Telephone lines and cables

Wave guides
Balanced and unbalanced lines
Uniformly distributed lines
Twisted pair wire
Coaxial Cable
The Decibel
Power level Calculations
Signal and Noise Fundamentals
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
b. Acoustics
Definition
Frequency range
Sound pressure level
Sound Intensity
Loudness Level
Pitch and Frequency
Interval and Octave
Sound distortion
Room Acoustics
Electro-Acoustic Transducers
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
c. Modulation
Amplitude modulation
Phase modulation
Frequency modulation
Pulse modulation
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
d. Noise
External noise
Internal noise
Noise calculation and measurements
Radio interference
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
e. Radiation and Wave Propagation
Electro Magnetic Radiation

Radio Spectrum
Wave Propagation
Radiation Patterns
Wavelength calculations
Radiation resistance
Diversity systems
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
f. Antennas
Basic considerations
Wire Radiators in Space
Isotropic Radiator
Current and Voltage Distribution
Resonant, non-resonant antennas
Terms and definition
Antenna gain and resistance
Bandwidth, beamwidth, polarization
Effects of ground on antennas
Grounded, ungrounded antennas
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
f. Antennas
Grounding systems
Antenna height
Design and applications
Matching systems
Impedance Calculations
Antenna types
Directional and non-directional
Microwave Antennas
Wideband and Special Purpose

Antennas
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
g. Wire and Wireless

Communications
System
The telephone set

Connection and performance
Exchange Area Plant
Loop Design
Trunks in the Exchange Plant
Insertion Loss
Traffic Calculations
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
g. Wire and Wireless

Communications
System
Reference Equivalent and Standards

Telephone networks
Signaling, Billing, CAMA, ANI
Echo, Singing and Design Loss
Via Net Loss
Network Hierarchy, Class Type
VF Repeaters
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
g. Wire and Wireless Communications

System
Transmission Considerations in Long

Distance Network
Telephone Exchanges
PSTN, PABX, Line Concentration
Telephone features-IDD, NDD,LEC
Mobile Communications
Cellular communication, trunk radio,
radio paging system etc.
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
h. Microwave Communications and

Principles
i. Basic Principles of various electronics
systems
Electro-optics, photonics/optoelectronics
Electromagnetics
Avionics, aerospace/ navigational and
military operations
Medical Electronics
Cybernetics
Biometrics
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
2. Digital and Data Communications

Systems
a. Digital Communication Networks
Bit and Binary Transmission

Signaling Rate
Error Probability
Digital Filtering
Switching
Packet Circuit
Vertical Circuit
Open Systems Interconnection
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
2. Digital and Data Communications Systems
Multiplexing, Modulation and

Synchronization
Pulse Code modulation
Companding
Encoding
Bandwidth and Signal to Noise Ratio
Delta Modulation
Slope Overload
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)

Systems
Adaptive Delta Modulation

Codes and Protocols
Error Detection and Correction Codes
Digital Carrier Systems
Frequency Shift Keying
Phase Shift Keying
Differential Phase Shift Keying
DC Nature of Data Transmission
Loops
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)

Systems
Neutral and Polar

Binary Transmission and the Concept
of Time
Asynchronous and Synchronous
Timing
Distortion
Bits, Band, WPM
Data Interface Standards
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)

Systems
Data Input/Output Devices

Digital Transmission on Analog
Channel
Modulation-Demodulation Schemes
Parameters
Circuit Conditioning
Modem Applications
Serial and Parallel Transmission
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
Systems
b. Fiber Optics
Principles of Light, Transmission

Types
Light Sources, Laser, LED
Light Detectors
Modulation and Waveform
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
Systems
b. Fiber Optics
System Design
General Application
Design Procedure
Dispersion Limited Domain
System Bandwidth
Splicing Techniques
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
3. Satellite , Broadcasting and Cable TV
Systems
a. Satellite System
The Satellite System

Types of Satellite
Satellite Orbit
Uplink Considerations
Demand Assignment Multiple Access
Antenna Tracking
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
Systems
a. Satellite System
Satellite Link Budgets

Path Loss
Figure of Merit
Ratio of Carrier to Thermal Noise
Power
Station Margin
VSAT
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
Systems
b. Broadcasting and Cable TV

systems
Radio Transmitter (AM, FM,

Television )
Studio (Microphone, Amplifiers,
Cameras, Lighting, etc.)
Cable Television
ENCODING OF TEST QUESTIONS
Using Diskettes, questions are encoded

with PRC prepared questions and answers
(Multiple Choice) format.
Encoding maybe done by the Board
Members themselves or they may bring it to
PRC to be encoded by Encoders of the
Commission.
ENTRY OF ENCODED QUESTIONS

TO PRC DATA BANK / MACHINE
All encoded questions are entered into the

PRC data bank machine. Additional
questions are merged with the remaining
questions in the Board Members data bank.
EXTRACTION OF QUESTIONS TO
BE GIVEN IN THE BOARD EXAM
100 questions are extracted from the Data

Bank of the Board Member (BM),(except
Math., only 50 questions are given), 2 or 3
days before the start of the Board Exam.
PRC Data Bank Machine selects from the
prepared Matrix of the BM , specifying how
many Easy, Moderate and Difficult questions
will be extracted from among the topics in
his/her data bank.
EXTRACTION OF QUESTIONS TO
BE GIVEN IN THE BOARD EXAM
As a Security Measure, the password of the

Commissioner is placed in the Diskette and
the downloaded questions are in an
encrypted form, readable only by PRC
Machine.
QUESTIONS IN THE DISKETTES ARE

SENT TO TEST SITES
Diskette Custodians are sent to PRC

Regional Offices where exams will be
conducted or at test sites. For Manila exam,
the PRBs stay in PRC Main Office.

SENT TO TEST SITES
The night before the scheduled exam date,

the diskette custodian, the PRC personnel
who will sort, copy and prepare the
reproduced test questions for delivery to
different test sites, (arranged per classroom),
will go to the CONDIDENTIAL ROOM or
CONFI ROOM. They are joined by NBI and
PNP representative and outside the door of
the CONFI ROOM, PRC security guard and a
PNP personnel stand on guard.

SENT TO TEST SITES
The CONFI RM, is an air-conditioned room

located at the Main and Regional Offices of
PRC. It is a room with no windows, with one
door, with kitchen, toilet and bedroom for the
PRB members. It contains also working
tables, papers, office supplies, computer, and
printing and duplicating equipment.
No
means of communicating from inside the
room to outside is allowed, but a there is a
telephone located near the security guard
outside the door.
QUESTIONS REPRODUCED
INSIDE THE CONFI ROOM
At about 8 pm, on the night before the start of

exam, the diskettes are given to the NBI
representative for inspection, to see if the
seal is intact. Then, he signs the slip and
hands over the diskette to the computer
operator. The operator, together with the
diskette custodian, go to the security guard
outside the room and calls the office of the
PRC Commissioner to get the PASSWORD
of the Commissioner. Afterwards, they go
back to the CONFI RM and download the
test questions to be given the next day.
After the test questions are reproduced, the

Board Member in charge of the subject
examines the printed questions and makes
corrections if necessary. Then the Board
Member calls all test sites to make the
corrections. Only after the Board Member
has called all test sites will the reproduction
of all test questions start.
If the exam is for two days, then the

preparation of the questions for the 2nd day
will be done the night before the next day.
The same procedure will be followed.
Nobody is allowed to leave the room, and no
things will be allowed to be brought outside
the room. Everybody will be allowed to leave
the room only after 6 pm the next day.
ACTUAL EXAMINATION
CONDUCTED
Test questions are distributed to examinees,

together with the Computer-Formatted ID
Sheet and Answer Sheets. One Answer
sheet per subject. Instructions are given and
examination conducted. The ID sheets are
collected and the complete set of questions
together with the corresponding Answer
Sheet is collected.
CORRECTION OF PAPERS
The collected questions are shredded on the

test site, immediately after the examination.
The answer sheets are placed in sealed
envelopes and packed, to be brought back to
PRC main office to be corrected the next
working day upon receipt by the Rating
Division.
The answer sheets are first fed to the OMI
reader. There are several OMI machines, that
for about 3or 5 thousand sheets can be read
in about 2 or 3 hours.
The next day, the BM submits the Computerized

Answer Key, which is fed into the Machine, for
consolidation with the answers read previously.
Statistics are generated by the Machine, that prints
out the Item by Item answers, with the
corresponding percentage. The BM takes note of
the statistic generated and conducts Item Analysis.
Then the passing rate is determined from Mean
Scores. This is done in all subjects, and finally, the
passing rating per subject is determined.
The correction of papers are watched by a
representative from the NBI and is done solely at
the Rating Divisions room.
Ratings - To pass the licensure examination,

a candidate for ECE or ECT must obtain a
passing rating of seventy percent (70%) in
each of the four general subjects given
during the examination.
A candidate who obtains a passing rating in
the three subjects, but obtains a rating in
one subject below 70%, but not lower than
60%, shall be allowed to take one removal
examination on the subject where he/she
failed to obtain the passing rating.
RELEASE OF BOARD
EXAMINATION RESULT
On the third day, the ID Sheets are read by

the OMI reader and merged with the result
read from the previous day. Now, the scores
and the name of the examinees are printed
alphabetically. The machine also generates
the list of the top 20 and all passers, and the
School performance sheet.
As soon as one of the Commissioners of
PRC approves the result, the Official Ratings
of all examinees are released. Typically, 2 to
3 days after start of correction, the result is
released.
DOS AND DONTS IN

TAKING THE BOARD
EXAMINATION
PREPARATION
Do take the Board exam FULLY PREPARED
Do brush-up on your MATHEMATICS,

SCIENCES AND ENGLISH
Do conduct review especially on subjects
included in board exam. The subjects are :
Mathematics,
Electronics
Engineering,
General Engineering and Applied Sciences
SELF-REVIEW
Do refer to the SYLLABI for each subject

given in Board Exams. It is found in the IRR
of RA 9292. or the Electronics Engineering
Law of 2004.
Do look for your old notes, lectures,
textbooks and other reference materials in
your possession or
Do visit libraries
SELF-REVIEW
Do refer to past board questions to have an

idea of how questions are formulated, but do
not memorize the questions and answers, as
the possibility that the same questions will be
given is very remote.
ENROL IN REVIEW CENTERS

DO SELECT THE BEST
Do ask the following questions:

Who are the lecturers or who conducts the
review classes?
Do they have good facilities?
What about their track record, for the past
years, what was their percentage of
passing ?
ENROL IN REVIEW CENTERS

DO SELECT THE BEST
Do ask the opinions of other students who

had experience with review centers
Do ask the opinions of your mentors or
professors
Do visit the office or the review center
premise
WHEN REVIEWING
Do study the Subjects seriously. Read and

understand the principle, concepts and solve
the problems given in the reference
materials.
Do concentrate in your review and avoid
distractions.
FILING OF APPLICATION FOR

EXAMINATION AT PRC
Do secure the form and all documentations

and requirements from PRC.
Do fill up the forms correctly and attach all
necessary documents.
Do pay the necessary fees at PRC
GETTING THE NOTICE OF

ADMISSION
Do secure the Notice of Admission after

payment of fees.
Do get the Instruction to Examinees and
other guidelines from PRC. This instruction
includes among others, the dress-code,
type/model of allowable Calculators, ballpens, pencil etc.
GETTING THE SCHOOL,

BUILDING AND ROOM
ASSIGNMENT
Do get your school/college/university building

and room assignment from PRC or if
available, from the Web-site of PRC. This is
available at PRC 2 or 3 days before the exam
scheduled date.
GETTING THE SCHOOL,

BUILDING AND ROOM
ASSIGNMENT
Do look for your school, building and room

assignment immediately, as it is oftentimes
difficult to locate the room, especially if you
are not familiar with the school.
GETTING THE SCHOOL,

BUILDING AND ROOM
ASSIGNMENT
Do get the scheduled date of each Subject,

so you will know which will be given on what
date
GETTING THE SCHOOL,

BUILDING AND ROOM
ASSIGNMENT
DO GET ENOUGH SLEEP, ONE WEEK OR

MORE TIME BEFORE YOU TAKE YOUR
EXAM. YOU SHOULD HAVE AT LEAST 7
HOURS OF SLEEP NIGHTLY.
ON THE DAY OF THE

EXAMINATION
Do wake up early, eat a light breakfast, and

be sure that you leave your house early
enough to reach your ROOM at least 30
minutes before 6:30 oclock AM.
ON THE DAY OF THE

EXAMINATION
Do check for the things you are supposed to

bring in the exam room, such as Notice of
Admission, School ID, calculators, ball pens,
pencils etc.
Do report to your room assignment.
DURING THE ACTUAL TAKING OF

THE BOARD EXAM
Do listen to the instructions given by the

PROCTORS/WATCHERS.
Do follow the instructions carefully.
Do asks questions if you need further
clarifications, to the proctors/watchers.

THE BOARD EXAM
Do check the exam papers handed to you.

See if the Questionnaires, the Answer
Sheets, the ID sheets are complete.
Do read the instructions carefully, and
answer them diligently.

THE BOARD EXAM
Do answer all questions. Do submit all exam

papers complete question sheets, answer
sheets and scratch papers.
DONTS IN TAKING THE BOARD

EXAMINATION
DO NOT TAKE THE BOARD EXAM

UNPREPARED
DO NOT TAKE FOR GRANTED, YOUR
REVIEW (whether it is self-review or thru
Review Centers).

EXAMINATION
DO NOT MIX YOUR REVIEW STUDIES

WITH DISTRACTIONS SUCH AS:
1) Gimmicking
2) Texting, courting using cellphone
3) Quarreling with girl/boy friends
4) Going to social fuctions/ activities,
movies, Ballgames
5) Playing video games, browsing, chatting
in the Internet

EXAMINATION
DO NOT RELY ON LEAKAGE SUPPOSEDLY

COMING FROM REVIEW CENTERS, WHICH
IS WHY SOME STUDENTS ENROL IN
REVIEW CENTERS.
FILING OF APPLICATION FOR

EXAMINATION AT PRC
DO NOT WRITE FALSE INFORMATION IN

THE APPLICATION FORMS
DO NOT ATTACH FRAUDULENT
DOCUMENTS
ON THE DAY OF THE

EXAMINATION
DO NOT FORGET THE DATE AND TIME

OF THE EXAM
DO NOT FORGET TO WAKE UP EARLY
DO NOT FORGET TO EAT A LIGHT
BREAKFAST
DO NOT FORGET TO BRING THE THINGS
YOU ARE SUPPOSED TO BRING WITH
YOU IN THE EXAM SITE
ON THE DAY OF THE

EXAMINATION
DO NOT FORGET YOUR BUILDING AND

ROOM ASSIGNMENT
DO NOT BE LATE. REMEMBER ONLY 30
MINUTES TARDINESS IS ALLOWED.
DO NOT DISOBEY INSTRUCTIONS
DO NOT CHEAT/COPY FROM OTHERS
DO NOT TAKE OUT EXAM QUESTIONS.
ON THE DAY OF THE

EXAMINATION
DO NOT FORGET TO PRAY
END OF PRESENTATION
THANK YOU
Engr. Joel B. Bajador
Member
Board of Electronics Engineering
July 9, 2011
SCHEDULE OF EXAMS: OCTOBER 29 & 30, 2011

Seminar On Examination Awareness: Professional Regulatory Board of Electronics Engineering

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Seminar on

Why do we conduct seminar

Assist Students and would-be takers of

Why do we conduct seminar

To inform students, would-be takers and

PRC Procedures and Processes To

1. Algebra & General Mathematics

Lines and planes

5. Mathematics Laws, Terms and Theories

Laws, theories and other rules relative to

II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &

APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)

II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &

APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)

4. College Physics, General Chemistry,

Matter, Change, Energy

II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &

APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)

Simple and Compound Interest

II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &

APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)

Contracts and Specifications

1. Electricity/ Magnetism Fundamentals

3. Solid State Devices/Circuits

4. Power Generator/ Sources/ Principles/

Cells and batteries

5. Electronic (Audio/RF) Circuit/

6. Tests and Measurements

Integrated circuits components,

8. Industrial Electronics Principles/

Electronic control system

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

Telephone lines and cables

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

e. Radiation and Wave Propagation

Electro Magnetic Radiation

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

Design and applications

Directional and non-directional

Wideband and Special Purpose

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

g. Wire and Wireless

The telephone set

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

g. Wire and Wireless

Reference Equivalent and Standards

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND

1. Radio Communication System

g. Wire and Wireless Communications

Transmission Considerations in Long

IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND