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Types of Flooring

Interior Design

Flooring Types
Hard
Flooring
Wood
Stone
Tile

Soft Flooring
Carpet
Rugs
Resilient

Wood - Most popular


Strip Flooring
Tongue and groove
Nailed to sub floor
Pre-finished or unfinished

Random Plank
Wider than strips
Screwed to sub floor, covered with wood plugs

Parquet
Small pieces arranged in different designs
Pre-finished squares for easy installation

Stone
Marble
Various colors depending on origin
Verdigris (vr-d-grs) : marbles that have a green
color

Limestone: most common, usually white but


may have cloudy streaks
Onyx: may have layers of colors or banding

Stone
Terrazzo formed using marble or chipped
stones embedded in full concrete.
artistic and very reliable
best for outdoor spaces such as verandas or
patios.
strong but 50% chance of breakage at quarry

Stone
Travertine: porous limestone used on
floors or walls
Comes from mineral springs
Holes from escaping gas
Holes filled with resin which may or may not
be same color

Ceramic Tile

Bathrooms, kitchens, entryways


Made from baked clay
Durable, moisture resistant, easy to clean
Can crack if not installed on even surface

Other Tiles

Ceramic Mosaic

Individual tiles mounted together


to keep together and make
installation easier
More often on walls

Mexican
Made from clay
Shaped by hand
Dried in sun

Quarry
Fired Earth/Clay
Warm brown to beige

Resilient Floor Coverings


Flooring with a semi-hard
surface that returns to its
original shape after stress
Warmer and quieter to
walk on
Not quite as durable
Vinyl and plastic laminate

Vinyl
Resists stains, affordable
Sheet Vinyl
6, 9, 12 foot sheets
Rotogravure (r-t-gr-vyur)
Top layer covered with clear coating
Thin, tears easily

Inlaid
Colored chips make designs (heat,
pressure)
Design all the way to backing
Most durable of the vinyl

Vinyl
Vinyl Tiles
12 in. X 12 in.
Sticky backing
Place together like a puzzle

Carpet

Insulates against drafts


Decreases noise
More comforting feel
Quality
Pile (nap): visible surface of carpet
Density: how close the tufts are made together, more
important than depth
Heat setting
Twist
Depth

Carpet Fibers

95% made of manufactured fibers


Nylon:
Polypropylene (olefin):
most popular,
durable,
easy to
maintain,
limited colors

strong,
nonabsorbent,
resists stains and static,
colorfast,
cheap,
crushes easily,
limited colors,
heat sensitive

Carpet Fibers Cont.


Polyester blend (PET)
made from recycled plastics,
resists stains and fading

Acrylic:
feels and looks like wool,
low static level,
resists mildew,
subject to pilling

Carpet Fibers Cont.

Wool:
soft
moth sensitive
durable
shrinkage
long lasting allergies
expensive
hard to clean

Carpeting Textures / Categories


Cut Pile
Formal looking plush, velvet,
smooth, may flatten

Saxony
Similar to cut but yarns have
been twisted more giving less
formal appearance

Frieze
Informal, curly texture, shows
minimal marks

Carpeting Textures / Categories


Level Loop
Loops are all same height, may have flecks of
darker color, durable

Multi-level Loop
Two or three loop heights, sculpted or
embossed effect, good in high traffic areas

Cut and Loop Pile


Sculptured effect from some looks cut and
some braided, very durable

Backing or Cushion
Extends life of carpet
Shock absorber
Less than thick

Laws
Flammable Fabrics Act- Federal Govt.
protects consumers with regulations. Must
follow standards for fabrics, rugs, carpets,
mattresses
Label must include:
Fiber content and percentage
Manufacturer
Country of origin
Care information

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