BIOMEDICAL

ENGINEERING
Electronics Engineering

Biomedical Engineering
-

the application of engineering principles and

techniques to the medical field .

Therapeutic Equipments:
Medical Imaging Equipments
Monitoring Equipments

Therapeutic Equipments:
- Help or aids in the cure or treatment of bodies abnormalities and improves
patients conditions

a. Cardioversion
Synchronized electrical cardioversion is the process by
which an abnormally fast heart rate is terminated by the
delivery of therapeutic dose of electric current to the heart at a
specific moment in the cardiac cycle as determined by a
computer.

b. Pacemaker
Cardiac pacemaker:a group of cells within the heart that
together initiate contractions and set the pace of beating.
Artificial pacemaker:a device implanted to provide proper
heart rhythm when the body's natural pacemaker does not
function properly

c. Defibrillator
-Defibrillation is the definitive treatment for ventricular
fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT),
the two most common causes of sudden cardiac death.

Medical Imaging:
- Imaging technologies are often essential to medical diagnosis, and are
typically the most complex equipment found in a hospital

a. Radiography
- Radiography is the use of certain types of electromagnetic
radiationusually ionizingto view objects.

b. Mammography
-

Mammography is the process of using lowdose X-rays to examine the human breast.

(See thermography)

c. CT SCAN
Computed tomography (CT), originally
known as computed axial
tomography (CAT or CT scan) and
body section roentgenography

- is a medical imaging method

employing tomography where digital
geometry processing is used to generate
a three-dimensional image of the
internals of an object from a large
series of two-dimensional X-ray images
taken around a single axis of rotation

d. Echocardiography
- Echocardiogram is an ultrasound of the heart.
- Using standard ultrasound techniques, two-dimensional slices of the heart
can be imaged. The latest ultrasound systems now employ 3D real-time
imaging.

e. MRI
MRI- Magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI), formerly referred to as
magnetic resonance tomography
(MRT) or, in chemistry nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR), is a noninvasive method used to render images
of the inside of an object.

Brain Tumor

f. Radioisotope
- Medical imaging that uses small qty of radioactive
materials that is usually ingested inside the body and
observation of radiation from inside out.

g. Bone Scan
-Bone imaging is a study to visually
detect bone abnormalities. Such
imaging studies include magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray
,computed tomography (CT) and
especially nuclear medicine.

h. Ultrasound
Imaging, medical diagnostic technique in which
very high frequency sound is directed into the body.

Ultrasound can be used to examine many parts of

the body, but its best known application is the
examination of the fetus during pregnancy .

Monitoring Equipments:
- Equipments used for real time monitoring of parameters such as
electrical signals from different parts of the body.

a. Electrocardiogram
-

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG, abbreviated from

the German Elektrokardiogramm) is a graphic produced by
an electrocardiograph, which records the electrical activity
of the heart over time.

(see ECG)

b. Electroencephalogram
-

Electroencephalography is the neurophysiologic measurement of the

electrical activity of the brain by recording from electrodes placed on the
scalp or, in special cases, subdurally or in the cerebral cortex.

c. Electromyelogram
-

Electromyography (EMG) is a medical technique for

evaluating and recording physiologic properties of muscles
at rest and while contracting.
EMG is performed using an instrument called an
electromyograph, to produce a record called an
electromyogram.
An electromyograph detects the electrical potential
generated by muscle cells when these cells contract, and
also when the cells are at rest