THEORY OF INTERIOR

DESIGN

Submitted by :Pragya Sharma

Kavya Kulshreshtha
Shivani Verma
Sumit Jangra

WHAT IS INTERIOR
DESIGN..??
Interior design describes a group of various yet related projects that
involve turning an interior space into an "effective setting for the
range of human activities" that are to take place there

IMPORTANCE OF INTERIOR DESIGN

Interior design is not just about the looks of

the buildings interior. It also plays the key
role in its functionality because even the
largest house can lack space if having a
poor interior design, while a tiny apartment
can be transformed into a cosy residence
with enough space for just about
everything with the right design and the
use of a contemporary staircase.
Yes, interior design is much more important
than it may seem at a first glance and can
be easily compared with the importance of
architecture, at least when it comes to
interior. Hiring an interior designer is
therefore more than just a good idea if
building a new house or
remodelling/renovating the existing one.

The houses interior must be aesthetically appealing and practical at the same time.
However, what is aesthetically appealing depends greatly on whom you ask
because everyone has different needs and lifestyle. As a result, the standard
architectural plans rarely meet the clients needs completely.
It is often difficult to decide which
interior design meets your needs and
lifestyle the most because most designs
usually do not show the need for
improvements or alterations until you
are actually using them.
However, an interior designer helps to
avoid finding a newly built or renovated
house that could have been done better
because all interior designers are trained
to help their clients choose a design
But they do not only take care of the layout
but they
also
help you choose
according
to their
lifestyle.
the right decor, lighting, paint colour, etc. depending on what you want to
leave over to an expert and how much you can afford to spend on the
project.
To reduce the costs for an interior designer as well as to avoid finding ourself
unsatisfied with the results of our project is to hire an interior designer only
for the key works such as layout and take care of the easier part of interior
design ourself. But care must be taken that it not only look s good but is

ELEMENTS OF ID :
Think of the Elements of design as true
building blocks. They never change,
but the products with which we
accomplish them will.
Its important to be sure that every
room has a good balance of each of
the eight building blocks: line, form,
shape, space, light, color, pattern,
and texture. If any of these elements
go wrong, it will be very evident as the
room will simply feel wrong.
Less is more when it comes to good interior design; by removing layers of
things--accessories are usually the biggest culprit--and scaling down
furnishings to only what is needed, you have the opportunity to capitalize on
making the elements the true features.
For example in a home where every square inch of floor space, wall space, and
surface space is decorated ; then the character of the room feels to be
claustrophobic and just too busy. Rooms like that make occupants feel anxious
or restless and the only way to solve the problem is to simplify

 Line, form and shape become artistic tools and bring fluid movement to the
room as the eye is naturally led to follow these.
Space and light are the next two important elements to consider. If a room
has forever-closed shutters, draperies, or blinds at the windows, then we are
doing ourself a design disservice.A natural light source is critical to the
breathability of a room design.
Space expands visually when the lighting is good and these two elements work
hand-in-hand to open up a space.One can also introduce light into a dark
room with creative paint selections.
Light colors visually expand space and dark paint choices will absorb light and
give a cozier ambience to larger rooms.
The last two building blocks of design are pattern and texture.They allow
us to express our creativity in very individual ways and complete our room
design successfully. This is where floor coverings truly come into play.
For example: Hardwood floors with their natural grain and enhanced surface textures can
transform a room. This is one way to build in memorable character through
texture.
Luxury Vinyl Tile can simulate real wood exquisitely too.
Ceramic tile can introduce pattern and texture simultaneously and has become
the leading choice for stunning kitchens and bathrooms.
Residential carpets now offer woven patterns that add just the right dose of
pattern to fulfill that necessary element.
But , If one has already introduced pattern through other elements in the room,
then carpet can subtly underscore .

7 MOST IMPORTANT ID

PRINCIPLES

Interior design is the process of shaping the experience of interior

space, through the manipulation of spatial volume as well as surface
treatment. Not to be confused with interior decoration, interior design
draws on aspects of environmental psychology, architecture, and product
design in addition to traditional decoration.
An interior designer is a person who is considered a professional in the
field of interior design or one who designs interiors as part of their job.
Interior design is a creative practice that analyse programmatic
information, establishes a conceptual direction, refines the design
direction, and produces graphic communication and construction
documents. In some jurisdictions, interior designers must be licensed to
practice.

1.

o When doing interior design it is necessary to think of the house as a totality; a series
of spaces linked together by halls and stairways. It is therefore appropriate that a
common style and theme runs throughout.
o This is not to say that all interior design elements should be the same but they
should work together and complement each other to strengthen the whole
composition.
o A way to create this theme or storyline is with the well considered use of color.
Color schemes in general are a great way to unify a collection of spaces.
o For example, you might pick three or four colors and use them in varying shades

2.

o Balance can be
described as the
equal distribution
of visual weight in
a room. There are
three styles of
balance:
symmetrical,
asymmetrical,
and radial.

o Symmetrical balance is usually found in traditional interiors. Symmetrical balance is

characterized by the same objects repeated in the same positions on either side of a
vertical axis, for example you might remember old rooms where on each side of a room
is an exact mirror of the other. This symmetry also reflects the human form, so we are
innately comfortable in a balanced setting.
o Asymmetrical balance is more appropriate in design in these days. It is achieved
with some dissimilar objects that have equal visual weight or eye attraction.
Asymetrical balance is more casual and less contrived in feeling, but more difficult to
achieve. It suggests movement, & leads to more lively interiors.
o Radial symmetry is when all the elements of a design are arrayed around a center
point. A spiral staircase is also an excellent example of radial balance. Though not often

3.

o Interior designs biggest enemy is boredom. A well-designed room always

has, depending on the size of it, one or more focal points.
o A focal point must be dominant to draw attention and interesting enough to
encourage the viewer to look further.
o A focal point thus must have a lasting impression but must also be an
integral part of the decoration linked through scale, style, color or theme. A
fireplace or a flat tv is the first example that most people think of when we
talk about a room focal point.
o If one does not have a natural focal point in space , one can create one by
highlighting a particular piece of furniture, artwork, or by simply painting a
contrasting color in one area.

4.

o In interior design, rhythm is all about visual pattern repetition.

o Rhythm is defined as continuity, recurrence or organized
movement.
o To achieve these themes in a design, we need to think about
repetition, progression, transition and contrast.

o Using these mechanisms will impart a sense of movement to your

space, leading the eye from one design element to another.
o Repetition is the use of the same element more than once throughout
a space. We can repeat a pattern, color, texture, line, or any other
element, or even more than one element.
o Progression is taking an element and increasing or decreasing one or
more of its qualities. The most obvious implementation of this would be
a gradation by size. A cluster of candles of varying sizes on a simple
tray creates interest because of the natural progression shown. We can
also achieve progression via color, such as in a monochromatic color
scheme where each element is a slightly different shade of the same
hue.
o Transition is a little harder to define. Unlike repetition or progression,
transition tends to be a smoother flow, where the eye naturally glides
from one area to another. The most common transition is the use of a
curved line to gently lead the eye, such as an arched doorway or
winding path.
o Contrast is putting two elements in opposition to one another, such
as black and white pillows on a sofa, is the hallmark of this design
principle. Opposition can also be implied by contrasts in form, such as
circles and squares used together. Contrast can be quite jarring, and is
generally used to enliven a space.

5.

o Another important element of interior design where it is necessary to take infinite

pains is details.
o Everything from the trimming on the lamp shade, the color of the piping on the
scatter cushion, to the light switches and cupboard handles need attention.
o Unlike color people find details boring. As a result it gets neglected and skimmed
over or generally left out.
o As color expresses the whole spirit and life of a scheme; details are just as an
important underpinning of interior design.

6. Scale and Proportion

o These two design principles go hand in hand, since both relate to size and shape.
o Proportion has to do with the ratio of one design element to another, or one
element to the whole.
o Scale concerns itself with the size of one object compared to another.

7. Color
o Colors have a definite impact on the atmosphere that you want to create when
doing interior design.

Good Examples

Bad Examples