Chapter 4

Selection Of An Appropriate
Project Approach

CHOOSING
TECHNOLOGIES

The development of software in-house

suggests that the project has certain
characteristics:

the project team and the users belong to

the same organization;
the project being considered slot into a
portfolio of existing computer-based
system;
the methodologies and technologies to be
used are not selected by the project
manager, but are dictated by local
standards.

PROJECT ANALYSIS:
Outcome of analysis will be selection of most
appropriate methodologies and technologies
Methodologies(Unified Software Development
Process (USDP), Structured system analysis and
design methods (SSADM))
Technologies(Environments , Software etc)

STEPS IN PROJECT
ANALYSIS:
Identify project as either objective driven or product
driven
Analyses Project Characteristics
Data driven or Process driven
General tool or application specific
Specific tools available(Graphics etc)
Hardware and software environment
Entertaining games or servicing

Identify project as either objectives-driven or

product-driven
Analyses other project characteristics.
Identify High Level Project Risk
Product uncertainty
Process uncertainty
Resource uncertainty
Take into account user requirements
concerning implementation
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Select general life-cycle approach

Control system
Information system
General tools specialized techniques
Hardware environment
Safety-critical system
Imprecise requirement
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CHOICE OF PROCESS
MODELS:
The activities can be organized in different ways
known as models(Process Models)
The various models are
Waterfall Model
V Process Model
Spiral Model

Structure versus speed of delivery

Methodologies

Waterfall Method
V-process Model
RAD
Spiral Model

Waterfall Method

Also known as the Traditional method

There is a sequence of activities
working from top to bottom.

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Waterfall Method (cont)

Advantages:

Shorter development time

Cost possible

Drawbacks:

System limitations not being discovered

until later in the development cycle
Clients not being able to see the
product until its is completely finished.
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Feasibility study

User
requirements

Analysis

System design

Program design

coding

Testing

operation

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V-process Model

The V-process can be seen as

expanding the testing activities in
the waterfall model.

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V-Process Method (cont)

Advantages:

Customer more satisfaction

Increased quality

Drawbacks:

More time
More resources

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Spiral Model

Is a software development process

combining elements of both design
and prototyping in stages.
Planning

Customer
Communicatio
n
Customer
Evaluation

Engineerin
g-Design
Risk
analysis

Constructio
n

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Spiral (cont)

Advantages:

Increased quality
Less risks

Drawbacks:

Complexity
It is a new model

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Software prototyping

Throw-away prototypes
Evolutionary prototypes
Learning by doing
Improved communications
Improve user involvement
Clarification of partially known requirements
demonstration of the consistency and
completeness of a specification
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Reduced need for documentation

Reduced maintenance cost
Feature constraint
Production of expected results
User can misunderstand the role of the protopype
Lake of project standards possible
Lake of control
Additional expense
Machine efficiency
Close proximity of developers
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