Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
NVH Characteristic
Frequency (Hz)
Ride
<5
Shake 5 - 40
Boom
20 - 100
Moan
100 - 150
Structural Borne Noise
150 500
Air Borne Noise
> 500
Transient Response
Harshness
20 - 100
Control by
Dynamic
Stiffness
Control by
Mass
Isolation Region
fn
2 * fn
Dynamic Stiffness
Dynamic Stiffness:
(K - m 2) j C
K* = ---------------------------------(K - m 2)2 + (C )2
Mass M
Stiffness K
Damping C
= 2* *f
f is the frequency
Pure Tone
Sound at a single frequency
Sound Pressure
Objective measurement
dB
Logarithmic of sound pressure
dBA
A-Weighted to adjust for ear sensitivity
Human Sensitivity
More constant across frequency range
with velocity
Hearing range 20 2000 Hz
Depends on overall level
Sound at one frequency may mask by
other frequencies
Depends on age, sex and other factors
Tactile Response
Subjective-Objective
Acceleration
SR = 5
SR = 6
Frequency
Tactile Response
Subjective-Objective (2)
Velocity
SR = 5
SR = 6
Frequency
NVH Classification
Operating Condition
Idle, Low Speed, Cruising, POT, WOT
Subjective Evaluation
Shake, Boom, Noise, Harshness
Objective Measurement
Sound Pressure, Acceleration
Frequency Range
Source
Powertrain, Road, Exhaust
Most
Targets
NVH Objectives
Assess vehicle responses relative to
design targets:
Tactile responses
Seat track
Steering column
Toe pan
Acoustic responses
Drivers ear
Front Passengers ear
Rear passengers ear
Shake
5 40 Hz
Idle Shake
Isolated Road Shake
Rough Road Shake
Smooth Road Shake
Wheel/Tire Imbalance
Tire Force Variation
Boom
20 - 100 Hz
Idle Boom
Isolated Road Boom
Rough Road Boom
100 - 500 Hz
Powertrain Noise
Rough Road Noise
Gear Whine
Modal Chart
CHASSIS/POWERTRAIN MODES
Suspension Hop and Tramp Modes
Ride Modes
10
15
Exhaust Modes
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Hz
BODY/ACOUSTIC MODES
Body First Torsion (25Hz)
10
15
25
30
35
40
45
50
Hz
EXCITATION SOURCES
Inherent Excitations (General Road Spectrum, Reciprocating Unbalance, Gas Torque, etc.)
Process Variation Excitations (Engine, Driveline, Accessory, Wheel/Tire Unbalances)
First Order Wheel/Tire Unbalance (5-75MPH)
0
10
15
20
25
V8 Idle (500-550RPM)
Hot Cold
30
35
40
45
50
Hz
Body-in-White Targets
Static Stiffness
Bending
Torsion
Normal Modes
Vertical bending
Torsion
Lateral bending
Instrument Panel/Column
Targets
Normal Modes
Vertical bending
Lateral bending
Seat Targets
Normal Modes
On Bedplate
Fore aft
Lateral
In Vehicle
Fore aft
Lateral
Idle Load
Idle Torque
Pbore
mrecip
arecip
Pcrank
Piston Displacement
h L cos r cos
Pbore
mrecip
cos 1 sin 2
arecip
r sin
sin
L
L cos L 1 sin 2
r
Pcrank
h L 1 sin 2 r cos
Trigonometric Derivatives
Pbore
mrecip
recip
Pcrank
d sin
d
cos
dt
dt
d cos
d
sin
dt
dt
n
du
n 1 du
nu
dt
dt
d (u v) du dv
dt
dt dt
duvw
dw
dv
du
uv
uw vw
dt
dt
dt
dt
Piston Velocity
Pbore
mrecip
arecip
dh d
v
( L cos r cos )
dt dt
d
r 2 cos sin
r sin 2 2 2
dt
L r sin
Pcrank
r cos sin
r sin
2
2
2
L r sin
Piston Acceleration
Pbore
mrecip
dv
d
r cos sin
a
(r ) (sin
dt
dt
L2 r 2 sin 2
arecip
Pcrank
r 2 cos 2
r cos
L2 r 2 sin 2
r 4 cos 2 sin 2
3
( L2 r 2 sin 2 ) 2
Wheel/Tire Imbalance
Definition
Simulation
Load
1.0 oz-inch (Sensitivity) unbalanced force at the spindles
Both vertical and fore-aft loads with vertical load trailing
fore-aft load by 90 degrees
Applications
Front wheel in-phase, Front wheel out-of-phase, Rear wheel
in-phase and Rear wheel out-of-phase
Wheel/Tire Imbalance
Calculation
F = mr2
F is imbalance Force (N)
m is imbalance mass (Mg)
r is imbalance radius (mm)
is rotation speed (rad/sec)
Wheel/Tire Imbalance
Speed Map
The wheel/tire speed map (frequency v.s.
vehicle speed) is dependent on the wheel/tire
size, the wheel/tire stiffness and the payload
V = 2 * * Tire Effective Radius * Frequency
However, the Frequency/Vehicle Speed(MPH) is
typically around 0.2
Based on the above assumption, the frequency
range of interest from 25 MPH to 125 MPH is
5 Hz to 25 Hz
Load
1.0 lbf (Sensitivity) variation force at the spindles
Vertical load only
Applications
Front wheel in-phase, Front wheel out-of-phase, Rear
wheel in-phase and Rear wheel out-of-phase